中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (19): 3085-3090.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0276

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节围置换期应用止血药物:安全有效及成本效益

高承哲,曲彦隆   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨三科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150001
  • 出版日期:2018-07-08 发布日期:2018-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 曲彦隆,博士,主任医师,副教授,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨三科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 作者简介:高承哲,男,1992年生,内蒙古自治区赤峰市人,汉族,哈尔滨医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨关节外科方面的研究。

Hemostatic agents in total knee arthroplasty: safety, curative efficacy and cost-effectiveness  

Gao Cheng-zhe, Qu Yan-long   

  1. Third Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Online:2018-07-08 Published:2018-07-08
  • Contact: Qu Yan-long, M.D., Chief physician, Associate professor, Third Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Gao Cheng-zhe, Master candidate, Third Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
氨甲环酸:又名凝血酸,化学名为反-4-氨甲基环已烷甲酸。氨甲环酸能与纤溶酶和纤溶酶原上的纤维蛋白亲和部位的赖氨酸结合部位强烈吸附,阻抑了纤溶酶、纤溶酶原与纤维蛋白结合,从而强烈地抑制了由纤溶酶所致纤维蛋白分解。另外,在血清中α2巨球蛋白等抗纤溶酶的存在下,氨甲环酸抗纤溶作用更加明显,止血作用更加显著。
富血小板血浆:是自体全血经离心后得到的血小板浓缩物,含有大量生长因子及蛋白质。富血小板血浆为新鲜血液经低速离心制备而成。将采集的全血在室温下低速离心15-20 min,使红细胞、白细胞基本下沉,分离出上层血浆,即为富血小板血浆,可获得全血中70%以上血小板。主要用于各种原因所致的血小板减少症和血小板功能缺陷患者出血的预防和治疗。
 
摘要
背景:为加速康复,减少并发症的发生,近年来全膝关节置换围置换期血液管理措施正逐渐得到临床的重视。其中止血药物被认为是血液管理措施的关键,并成为骨关节外科领域的研究热点。
目的:综述止血药物在全膝关节置换术中的研究进展,评价其使用的可行性。
方法:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库及CNKI数据库,检索时间为1985年1月至2017年7月,以“膝关节置换,失血量,氨甲环酸,肾上腺素,纤维蛋白,富血小板血浆”为中文检索词,以“knee arthroplasty,blood loss,tranexamic acid,epinephrine,fibrinogen,platelet-rich plasma”为英文检索词,查阅近年来国内外有关止血药物在全膝关节置换中应用的相关研究。初检得到350篇文献,按照纳入排除标准,最后共纳入55篇中英文文献进行归纳总结分析。
结果与结论:①全膝关节置换围置换期常伴大量出血,会影响置换后康复,严重者需要同种异体输血来改善。因此减少全膝关节置换失血量,降低置换后输血率很关键;②近年来围置换期止血药物如氨甲环酸、肾上腺素、纤维蛋白制剂、富血小板血浆等越来越多的应用于临床。大量研究均证实了氨甲环酸的有效性与安全性,且最具成本效益。稀释肾上腺素与氨甲环酸联合局部应用可显著减少全膝关节置换后失血、降低输血率;③但目前这些止血药物的最佳治疗方案尚缺乏统一的使用标准,仍需开展更多高质量的临床试验研究,以便指导临床实践。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-0789-5321(高承哲)

关键词: 人工假体, 全膝关节置换, 围置换期, 止血药物, 氨甲环酸, 肾上腺素, 纤维蛋白制剂, 富血小板血浆, 失血, 输血率, 综述

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: To accelerate the rehabilitation and reduce the incidence of complications, perioperative blood management measures of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are gradually gaining much attention. Perioperative hemostatic agents are considered as a key part of blood management measures and have become the hotspot in the field of bone and joint surgeries.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of hemostatic agents in TKA and to evaluate the feasibility of these agents.
METHODS: A computer-based retrieval of PubMed and CNKI databases was performed with the keywords of “knee arthroplasty, blood loss, tranexamic acid, epinephrine, fibrinogen, platelet-rich plasma” in English and Chinese, respectively. The literature concerning the application of hemostatic agents in TKA published from January 1985 to July 2017 was reviewed and analyzed. Totally 350 articles were searched initially, and finally 55 articles eligible for the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included for result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Perioperative TKA is always accompanied by massive bleeding, which will affect postoperative rehabilitation, even needs to be improved by allogeneic blood transfusion. Therefore, reducing postoperative blood loss and blood transfusion rate becomes crucial. (2) In recent years, perioperative hemostatic agents, such as tranexamic acid, epinephrine, fibrinogen agents and platelet-rich plasma, have been increasingly used in clinical practice. Tranexamic acid has been shown to have good effectiveness and safety with best cost-effectiveness. The combination of diluted epinephrine and tranexamic acid can obviously reduce the blood loss and blood transfusion rate after TKA. (3) However, there is a lack of criteria for hemostatic agent application, and more high-quality clinical trials are needed to guide clinical practice.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Tranexamic Acid, Tissue Engineering

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