中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 1458-1464.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3765

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

开放性脊柱手术应用氨甲环酸的疗效及安全性的Meta分析

陈进平,李  奎,陈  骞,郭浩然,张映波,蔚  芃   

  1. 川北医学院附属医院骨科,四川省南充市   637000
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-03 修回日期:2020-04-13 接受日期:2020-05-19 出版日期:2021-03-28 发布日期:2020-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 蔚芃,硕士生导师,教授,川北医学院附属医院骨科,四川省南充市 637000
  • 作者简介:陈进平,男,1991年生,四川省南充市人,汉族,川北医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱外科的临床工作。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省卫生健康委员会科研基金(19PJ202)

Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in open spinal surgery

Chen Jinping, Li Kui, Chen Qian, Guo Haoran, Zhang Yingbo, Wei Peng   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2020-04-03 Revised:2020-04-13 Accepted:2020-05-19 Online:2021-03-28 Published:2020-12-16
  • Contact: Wei Peng, Master’s supervisor, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Chen Jinping, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Health Commission, No. 19PJ202

摘要:

文题释义:
氨甲环酸:属于赖氨酸衍生物,通过占据纤维蛋白赖氨酸作用位点,纤维蛋白溶酶原无法转化为活化的纤维蛋白溶酶,无法溶解血凝块,从而起到止血的作用。
加速康复外科:是骨外科领域的研究热点,指通过各种措施来减轻人体的应激反应、减少出血并减轻疼痛,缩短患者住院时间并减少术后并发症,以加速患者康复的新型外科管理模式。

目的:加速康复外科的围术期优化措施贯穿于开放性脊柱手术患者的整个住院周期。采用Meta分析的方法评价加速康复外科模式下开放性脊柱手术应用氨甲环酸的临床疗效及安全性。
方法:通过检索PubMed、Embase、Ovid、Cochrane Library、CNKI、CBM、万方、维普等数据库,根据纳入及排除标准检索出关于开放性脊柱手术应用氨甲环酸的前瞻性随机对照研究10篇,使用Endnote软件管理文献,使用Revman 5.3软件对所提取的数据进行Meta分析,主要分析开放性脊柱手术应用氨甲环酸对患者术中失血量、术后引流量、围术期总失血量、术后血红蛋白、手术时间、住院时间、输血率及术后血栓并发症的影响。
结果:①共纳入10项高质量前瞻性随机对照研究,共802例患者;②Meta 结果显示:氨甲环酸显著减少开放性脊柱手术的术中失血量(MD= -210.38,95%CI:-267.31至-153.45,P < 0.000 01)、术后引流量(MD=-113.40,95%CI:-126.97至-99.83,P < 0.000 01)、围术期总失血量(MD=-266.85,95%CI:-351.18至-182.52,P < 0.000 01),术后血红蛋白丢失(SMD=0.20,95%CI:0.02-0.38,P=0.03)均少于对照组;住院时间(MD=-1.09,95%CI:-1.86至-0.32,P=0.006)显著缩短,输血率(RR=0.61,95%CI:0.48-0.79,P=0.000 1)显著降低,手术时间(MD=-7.75,95%CI:-16.65-1.15,P=0.09)未缩短;③氨甲环酸组与对照组血栓并发症发生率无显著差异(RR=0.92,95%CI:0.47-1.82,P=0.81)。
结论:氨甲环酸能够显著减少开放性脊柱手术围术期的血液丢失、缩短住院时间、降低输血率,安全可靠,开放性脊柱手术应用氨甲环酸能够促进患者快速康复;氨甲环酸起始剂量为10-15 mg/kg ,维持剂量1.0-2.0 mg/(kg·h),可能是开放性脊柱手术静脉应用氨甲环酸的最佳方案。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1193-2861 (蔚芃) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 脊柱, 氨甲环酸, 失血, 血栓, 围术期, 加速康复外科, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The perioperative optimization measures of accelerated rehabilitation surgery run through the whole hospitalization period of patients with open spinal surgery. The clinical efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in open spinal surgery were evaluated using meta-analysis.
METHODS: Databases of PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and VIP were searched. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, ten prospective randomized controlled trials were obtained. Endnote software was utilized to manage the literature. The extracted data were analyzed using Revman 5.3 software for meta-analysis, mainly analyzing the intraoperative blood loss, postoperative blood loss, total perioperative blood loss, postoperative hemoglobin, operation time, length of hospital stay, blood transfusion rate, and thrombotic complications by using tranexamic acid in open spinal surgery.
RESULTS: (1) A total of 10 high-quality prospective randomized controlled studies were included in 802 patients. (2) Meta-analysis results showed that tranexamic acid significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss (MD=-210.38, 95%CI: -267.31 to -153.45, P < 0.000 01), postoperative drainage (MD=-113.40, 95%CI: -126.97 to -99.83, P < 0.000 01), total perioperative blood loss (MD=-266.85, 95%CI: -351.18 to -182.52, P < 0.000 01), and postoperative hemoglobin loss (SMD=0.20, 95%CI: 0.02-0.38, P=0.03) compared with the control group, with significant difference. Moreover, the length of hospital stay (MD=-1.09, 95%CI: -1.86 to -0.32, P=0.006) significantly reduced, and blood transfusion rate (RR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.48 to 0.79, P=0.000 1) significantly reduced. Operation time (MD=-7.75, 95%CI: -16.65 to 1.15, P=0.09) did not shorten. (3) There was no significant difference in the incidence of thrombotic complications between the tranexamic acid group and the control group (RR=0.92, 95%CI: 0.47 to 1.82, P=0.81).
CONCLUSION: Tranexamic acid can significantly reduce the perioperative blood loss of open spine surgery, shorten hospital stay, lower blood transfusion rate, and is safe and reliable. The use of tranexamic acid in open spinal surgery can promote enhanced recovery of patients after surgery; the initial dose of tranexamic acid is 10-15 mg/kg, maintenance dose 1.0-2.0 mg/kg per hour. It may be the best solution for intravenous tranexamic acid in open spine surgery.

Key words: bone, spine, tranexamic acid, blood loss, thrombosis, perioperative period, accelerated rehabilitation surgery, meta-analysis

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