中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 1465-1470.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3766

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

空心螺钉和钢板内固定修复移位型跟骨关节内骨折:基于15篇随机对照试验的Meta分析

胡  凯1,乔晓红2,张永红3,王  栋3,秦泗河4   

  1. 1山西医科大学,山西省太原市   030001;2山西医科大学附属吕梁市人民医院,山西省吕梁市   033000;3山西医科大学第二医院骨科,山西省太原市   030001;4国家康复辅具研究中心附属康复医院,北京市   100176
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-03 修回日期:2020-04-11 接受日期:2020-05-27 出版日期:2021-03-28 发布日期:2020-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 乔晓红,主任医师,博士,山西医科大学附属吕梁市人民医院,山西省吕梁市 033000
  • 作者简介:胡凯,男,1991年生,山西省兴县人,汉族,山西医科大学在读硕士。

Treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures with cannulated screws and plates: a meta-analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials

Hu Kai1, Qiao Xiaohong2, Zhang Yonghong3, Wang Dong3, Qin Sihe4   

  1. 1Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2Lüliang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Lüliang 033000, Shanxi Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 4Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to National Rehabilitation Auxiliary Research Center, Beijing 100176, China
  • Received:2020-04-03 Revised:2020-04-11 Accepted:2020-05-27 Online:2021-03-28 Published:2020-12-16
  • Contact: Qiao Xiaohong, MD, Chief physician, Lüliang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Lüliang 033000, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Hu Kai, Master candidate, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
跟骨骨折:是一种常见的骨折,表现为足跟部疼痛、瘀斑,足跟不能着地行走,常见于高处坠下或挤压伤。
Meta分析:是对原始研究的二次综合分析与评价。随着循证医学的发展,基于随机对照试验的系统评价Meta分析,已被公认为客观评价和合成针对某一特定问题研究证据的最佳手段,被视为最高级别的证据。

目的:移位的跟骨关节内骨折是跟骨骨折最常见的类型。目前常用的为空心钉与钢板内固定两种术式,但其疗效差异尚不清楚。因此,文章对比经皮空心钉与钢板内固定对跟骨关节内骨折的修复效果。
方法:计算机检索 PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science和中国知网数据库中关于空心螺钉与切开复位钢板内固定对跟骨骨折治疗效果的随机对照试验研究,检索时限为建库至2019年12月。按入选与排除标准筛选文献,逐一评价纳入研究的质量,提取有效结果数据,采用RevMan 5.3 软件进行Meta分析。
结果:共纳入15篇随机对照研究,跟骨骨折患者总计1 438例,对纳入的文献进行风险偏倚评价,结果显示整体文献质量为中等偏上。Meta分析结果显示:①钢板内固定组在术后Bohler’s角(MD=0.69,95%CI:0.27-1.10,P=0.001)、术后Gissane’s角(MD=0.95,95%CI:0.16-1.74,P=0.02)方面显著优于空心钉固定组(P < 0.05);②空心钉固定组在手术时间(MD=-23.92,95%CI:-25.40至-22.44,P < 0.000 01),术后并发症(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.19-0.41,P < 0.000 01)方面少于钢板内固定组(P < 0.05);③但两组在跟骨高度(MD=0.43,95%CI:-0.17-1.03,P=0.16),术后AOFAS评分(MD=0.61,95%CI:-0.35-1.58,P=0.21)方面差异无显著性意义。
结论:上述数据说明钢板内固定修复的跟骨骨折患者术后Bohler’s角及Gissane’s角优于空心钉固定组,但空心钉内固定技术具有手术时间短、并发症发生率低等优点。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6628-9156 (胡凯) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 骨折, 跟骨, 关节内骨折, 螺钉, 内固定, 钢板, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures are the most common type of calcaneal fracture. Cannulated screw fixation and plate fixation are commonly used methods. However, the differences in therapeutic effectiveness between cannulated screw fixation and plate fixation are still unclear. Thus, this study compared the effect of percutaneous cannulated screw fixation and plate fixation in the treatment of intra-articular calcaneal fractures. 
METHODS: The authors searched for randomized controlled trials on displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures fixated with cannulated screws or plates in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to December 2019. The retrieved literatures were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality evaluation was performed to extract effective data. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.
RESULTS: Fifteen randomized controlled studies were included with 1 438 patients with calcaneal fractures. The risk bias evaluation of the included literature showed that the overall quality of literature was above average. Meta-analysis results show that (1) plate fixation group was better than cannulated screw fixation group in terms of Bohler’s angle (MD=0.69, 95%CI:0.27-1.10, P=0.001) and Gissane’s angle (MD=0.95, 95%CI:0.16-1.74, P=0.02) (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with plate fixation, cannulated screw fixation showed a significant reduction in the operation time (MD=-23.92, 95%CI: -25.40 to -22.44, P <         0.000 01) and postoperative complications (OR=0.28, 95%CI:0.19-0.41, P < 0.000 01) (P < 0.05). (3) There was no statistically significant difference between the cannulated screw fixation group and the plate fixation group in terms of calcaneal height (MD=0.43, 95%CI:-0.17-1.03, P=0.16) and AOFAS score (MD=0.61, 95%CI:-0.35-1.58, P=0.21). 
CONCLUSION: Above data concluded that Bohler’s and Gissane’s angles in the plate fixation group are better than those in the cannulated screw fixation group, while the cannulated screw fixation technology has the advantages of short operation time and low complication rate.

Key words: bone, fracture, calcaneus, intra-articular fracture, screw, internal fixation, plate, meta-analysis

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