中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 1452-1457.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.4016

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

髋关节置换与股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定修复高龄股骨转子间骨折效果的Meta分析

陈俊名1,岳  辰2,何沛霖1,张俊涛3,孙墨渊3,刘又文2   

  1. 1福建中医药大学中医骨伤及运动康复教育部重点实验室,福建省福州市   350100;2河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院)髋部疾病研究治疗中心,河南省洛阳市   471002;3河南中医药大学,河南省郑州市   450046
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-27 修回日期:2020-04-01 接受日期:2020-05-13 出版日期:2021-03-28 发布日期:2020-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 刘又文,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院)髋部疾病研究治疗中心,河南省洛阳市 471002
  • 作者简介:陈俊名,男,1994年生,四川省宜宾市人,汉族,福建中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事髋关节疾病研究。 岳辰,男,1988年生,河南省三门峡市人,汉族,四川大学华西临床医学院毕业,博士,主治医师,主要从事髋关节疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81804126);2016河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2016ZY2089)

Hip arthroplasty versus proximal femoral nail antirotation for intertrochanteric fractures in older adults: a meta-analysis

Chen Junming1, Yue Chen2, He Peilin1, Zhang Juntao3, Sun Moyuan3, Liu Youwen2   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation of Ministry of Education, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350100, Fujian Province, China; 2Department of Hip Injury Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China; 3Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2020-03-27 Revised:2020-04-01 Accepted:2020-05-13 Online:2021-03-28 Published:2020-12-16
  • Contact: Liu Youwen, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Hip Injury Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Chen Junming, Master candidate, Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation of Ministry of Education, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350100, Fujian Province, China Yue Chen, MD, Attending physician, Department of Hip Injury Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81804126; the Special Project of Scientific Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine in Henan Province, No. 2016ZY2089

摘要:

文题释义:
髋关节置换:又称人工髋关节置换,可分为全髋和半髋关节置换,是用人工假体代替病变关节的手术,人工髋关节置换现已比较成熟,假体固定牢固、可靠且稳定,术后可使患者较早恢复髋关节功能。
股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定:该手术可保留股骨头颈部骨质,并且增加刀片与周围接触面积,提高固定效果,减少髋内翻畸形的发生率,其手术操作时间较短,可避免取出内固定后股骨近端的不稳定性,有利于骨折愈合,适用于各种类型的股骨转子间骨折(AO分型A1,A2,A3)和高位转子下骨折。

目的:目前对于高龄股骨转子间骨折患者行手术治疗已经成为临床治疗共识,手术方式主要分为髋关节置换和股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定,这2种手术方式的临床疗效报道已有很多,而不同情况下采用何种手术治疗方式是更佳选择,目前尚存在争议。文章通过Meta分析对人工髋关节置换与股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效及安全性进行评价。
方法:通过检索2000年至2020年PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase及CNKI,万方、维普数据库,筛选对比髋关节置换与股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折的临床随机对照试验,根据Cochrane系统评价员手册 5.3推荐的评估工具独立评价纳入研究的质量。选择手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、初次下地负重时间、术后Harris功能评分、术后骨科及术后内科并发症作为评价指标,根据结果采用RevMan 5.3软件绘制森林图,并对数据进行Meta分析。
结果:经过筛选共纳入8篇文献,其中英文文献3篇,中文文献5篇,均为临床随机对照试验,文献均为B级,患者共716例。Meta分析结果显示,股骨近端防旋髓内钉组手术时间更短(WMD=15.48,95%CI:7.78-23.19,P < 0.05)、术中出血量更少(WMD=104.61,95%CI:58.86-150.36,P < 0.05);髋关节置换组初次下地负重时间更短(WMD=-12.16,95%CI:-18.68至-5.63;P < 0.05);术后平均住院时间、Harris功能评分、术后骨科并发症及术后内科并发症方面差异无显著性意义。
结论:针对股骨转子间骨折的高龄患者,采取髋关节置换治疗可加快恢复髋关节功能,缩短卧床时间,使患者较早进行早期负重锻炼。随着人工髋关节置换技术日益进步及微创化,手术所带来的创伤愈发减小。在加强围术期处理(如加强术前准备和术后处理、缩短手术时间、减少出血、积极处理基础疾病等)的前提下,相比较于股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定,髋关节置换治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折更具有优势。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3756-6820 (陈俊名);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1806-8711 (岳辰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 髋, 髋关节, 置换, 股骨, 髓内钉, 人工假体, 内固定, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: At present, it has become a consensus that elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture should be treated by surgery. The main surgical methods are hip arthroplasty and proximal femoral nail antirotation. There are many reports on the clinical effects of these two surgical methods, but which surgical treatment is the better choice under different conditions is still controversial. The clinical efficacy and safety of hip arthroplasty and proximal femoral nail antirotation in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly were evaluated by meta-analysis.
METHODS: The databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were searched to screen and compare the clinical randomized controlled trials of hip arthroplasty and proximal femoral nail antirotation in the treatment of elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures from 2000 to 2020. The quality of the research was evaluated independently according to the evaluation tools recommended by the Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.3. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, first weight bearing time, postoperative Harris function score, postoperative orthopedic complications and postoperative medical complications were selected as evaluation indexes. According to the results, the forest plot was drawn by RevMan 5.3 software, and the data were analyzed.
RESULTS: After screening, a total of eight articles were included, containing three English articles and five Chinese articles, all of which were clinical randomized controlled trials. There were 8 articles of grade B, including 716 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that the operation time of the proximal femoral nail antirotation group was shorter (WMD=15.48, 95%CI:7.78-23.19, P < 0.05), the intraoperative blood loss was less (WMD=104.61, 95%CI:58.86-150.36, P < 0.05), and the initial weight-bearing time of the hip arthroplasty group was shorter (WMD=-12.16, 95%CI:-18.68 to -5.63; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative average hospital stay, Harris function score, postoperative orthopedic complications and postoperative medical complications.
CONCLUSION: For elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture, artificial hip arthroplasty can accelerate the functional recovery of hip joint, shorten the time of bed rest, and enable patients to carry out weight-bearing exercise in the early stage. With the continuous progress of artificial hip arthroplasty and the development of minimally invasive technology, the trauma caused by operation is getting smaller and smaller. Under the premise of strengthening perioperative management (such as strengthening preoperative preparation and postoperative management, shortening operation time, reducing bleeding, and actively dealing with basic diseases), compared with proximal femoral nail antirotation, hip arthroplasty has more advantages in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.

Key words: bone, hip, hip joint, arthroplasty, femur, intramedullary nai, artificial prosthesis, internal fixation, meta-analysis

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