中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (19): 3091-3096.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0258

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

有限元法分析腰椎椎弓根螺钉的生物力学特征

魏 兵,许泽川,常 山   

  1. 成都医学院第一附属医院骨科,四川省成都市   610500
  • 出版日期:2018-07-08 发布日期:2018-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 常山,硕士,主任医师,教授,成都医学院第一附属医院脊柱外科,四川省成都市 610500
  • 作者简介:魏兵,男,1991年生,重庆市人,汉族,硕士,主要从事脊柱生物力学研究。

Biomechanical properties of the lumbar pedicle screws by finite element analysis

Wei Bing, Xu Ze-chuan, Chang Shan   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
  • Online:2018-07-08 Published:2018-07-08
  • Contact: Chang Shan, Master, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Wei Bing, Master, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


 
 
文题释义:
骨科有限元模型:其建立经历了相对简单的二维模型到以CT扫描和三维重建技术为基础的数字化有限元模型,并在一定程度上完善了脊柱椎间盘、连接韧带、椎体间小关节、关节囊等软组织结构的模型建立。
椎弓根螺钉稳定性:椎弓根螺钉通过穿过狭长的椎弓根到达椎体内而起到固定作用,目前的研究表明,椎弓根螺钉的稳定性主要与螺钉的直径、外形、长度、材质、置入方法、螺钉的组合方式密切相关。
 
摘要
背景:稳定性是评价椎弓根螺钉的主要标准,而生物力学是目前临床上评价内固定系统稳定性及实用价值性的具体标准。近年来有限元法被广泛应用于正常人体四肢脊柱及软组织的生物力学研究、骨折的受力机制、骨科内固定器械的生物力学、内植物应力遮挡及内固定器械设计等。
目的:通过对椎弓根螺钉自身结构参数、置入椎体方法及螺钉系统组合方式进行有限元研究,全面分析腰椎椎弓根螺钉的生物力学特征。
方法:由第一作者检索至2016年12月为止PubMed数据(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed)及CNKI中国期刊全文数据库(http://www.cnki.net/),以“lumbar vertebrae,pedicle screw,finite element analysis,biomechanics”为英文检索词,“腰椎,椎弓根螺钉,有限元法,生物力学”为中文检索词,检索摘要内同时包含上述检索词的文献,并排除重复性研究。符合纳入标准的45篇文献中,中文文献15篇,英文文献30篇。
结果与结论:①利用有限元法对脊柱内固定器械进行应力分析计算对于正确手术方式的选择、内固定器械的合理使用具有重要意义;②在科技飞速发展的今天,相信随着数字成像技术和计算机技术的发展以及医学和力学的交叉融合,更详尽的脊柱模型的建立将会成为可能;③这将有助于更加个体化的治疗每一名患者,有限元法与临床应用相结合将是骨科未来发展的重要方向标。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-6809-3376(魏兵)

关键词: 腰椎, 有限元法, 椎弓根螺钉, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Stability is the main criterion for evaluating pedicle screws, and biomechanics is the specific standard for evaluating the stability and value of the internal fixation system. In recent years, the finite element analysis has been widely used in biomechanical studies of normal human limbs and soft tissues, fracture mechanics, biomechanics of orthopedic internal fixators, stress shielding of implants, and design of internal fixators.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the biomechanical properties of lumbar pedicle screws by exploring the structural parameters of pedicle screws, implantation methods and screw system through a finite element method.
METHODS: The first author retrieved PubMed and CNKI databases for the literature published before December 2016 with the keywords of “lumbar vertebrae, pedicle screw, finite element analysis, biomechanics” in English and Chinese, respectively. Forty-five eligible articles were enrolled after excluding the repetitive studies, consisting of 15 Chinese articles and 30 English ones.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Finite element method applied in the stress analysis of spinal internal fixators is of great significance for choosing a correct surgical approach and appropriate internal fixators. (2) With the rapid development of technology, digital radiography and computer as well as cross-link of medicine and mechanics, an ideal spinal model will be established soon. (3) It is helpful for the individualized treatment, and the combination of finite element analysis and clinical application is an irresistible trend of orthopedics. 
 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Lumbar Vertebrae, Finite Element Analysis, Bone Nails, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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