中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 735-740.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3008

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

保留与不保留残端重建前交叉韧带术后膝关节退变的比较

谢崇新,张  磊   

  1. 武警兵团总队医院外二科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830018
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-18 修回日期:2020-04-23 接受日期:2020-05-28 出版日期:2021-02-18 发布日期:2020-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 张磊,博士,主治医师,武警兵团总队医院外一科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830018
  • 作者简介:谢崇新,男,1976年生,陕西省渭南市人,汉族,1998年石河子大学医学院毕业,主治医师,主要从事骨与关节损伤研究。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团自然科学基金资助项目(2015AD004)

Comparison of knee degeneration after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with or without remnant preservation

Xie Chongxin, Zhang Lei   

  1. Department of External Medicine, General Hospital of Armed Police Corps, Urumqi 830018, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-04-18 Revised:2020-04-23 Accepted:2020-05-28 Online:2021-02-18 Published:2020-11-28
  • Contact: Zhang Lei, MD, Attending physician, Department of External Medicine, General Hospital of Armed Police Corps, Urumqi 830018, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Xie Chongxin, Attending physician, Department of External Medicine, General Hospital of Armed Police Corps, Urumqi 830018, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, No. 2015AD004

摘要:

文题释义:
脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(TUNEL):在脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶(TdT)的作用下,将脱氧核糖核苷酸和荧光素、过氧化物酶、碱性磷酸化酶或生物素形成的衍生物标记到断裂DNA的3’-OH末端。TUNEL法将分子生物学与组织学紧密结合,可以对已经凋亡的细胞核或凋亡小体进行标记,能准确反映细胞凋亡的形态特点。
聚集蛋白聚糖(ACAN):也称为软骨特异性蛋白聚糖核心蛋白或硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖1,是软骨基质中的重要成分,聚集蛋白聚糖的存在使关节软骨具有了抵抗压应力并分散负荷的能力。

背景:保留残端重建前交叉韧带与传统手术相比能否取得更好的关节稳定性,进而减轻膝关节软骨的退变,目前仍不清楚。
目的:比较保留残端重建前交叉韧带与不保留残端重建术后膝关节退变是否存在差异。
方法:60只新西兰兔随机分为假手术对照组、不保残重建组、牵张保残重建组和残端鞘内保残重建组。对照组兔只切开关节囊,不离断前交叉韧带;其余3组兔分别建立了残端鞘内重建、牵张保残重建和不保残重建前交叉韧带3种动物模型。术后12周观察牵张保残重建组和残端鞘内保残重建组残端与移植腱的愈合情况;拉断实验测试移植腱的生物力学性能;苏木精-伊红、Masson染色观察各组内侧胫骨平台组织学情况并计算Mankin评分;TUNEL法观察各组软骨细胞凋亡;Western blot检测蛋白基质金属蛋白酶13、蛋白聚糖和Bax的蛋白表达。实验前经新疆医科大学第一附属医院伦理委员会审查通过(IACUC20160724006)。
结果与结论:①术后12周牵张保残重建组、残端鞘内保残重建组残端与移植腱未愈合;②不保残重建组、牵张保残重建组和残端鞘内保残重建组均出现关节退变,Mankin评分、软骨凋亡指数、基质金属蛋白酶13、Bax蛋白表达高于对照组(P < 0.05),蛋白聚糖低于对照组(P < 0.05);不保残重建组、牵张保残重建组和残端鞘内保残重建组组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③结果说明,保留残端重建前交叉韧带与不保留残端重建前交叉韧带在术后膝关节退变方面无明显差异,其原因可能与保留残端重建前交叉韧带未增加膝关节稳定性有关。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6840-9959 (谢崇新) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 韧带, 膝关节, 残端, 生物力学, 关节退变, 软骨细胞, 凋亡

Abstract: BACKGROUND:At present, it is still unclear whether remnant-preserving anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can achieve better joint stability and reduce the degeneration of the articular cartilage compared with the traditional operation.
OBJECTIVE: To compare knee joint degeneration after ACL reconstruction with and without remnant preservation. 
METHODS: A total of 60 New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned in equal numbers to a sham group (group A), a conventional ACL reconstruction group (group B), a remnant-preserving and tensioning ACL reconstruction group (group C), and a remnant-preserving and graft through sleeve ACL reconstruction group (group D). In the group A, the joint capsule was cut open without dissection of the ACL, and corresponding rabbit models were established in the other three groups. Healing conditions of the remnant and tendon graft between groups C and D were observed at 12 weeks post-surgery, and the biomechanical properties of the tendon graft were determined by the pull-off test. Cartilage degeneration was assessed by Mankin score, following hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining of the medial tibial plateau, and chondrocyte apoptosis examined using TUNEL assay. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13, proteoglycan and Bax proteins was measured using western blot assay. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Healing of remnant to the tendon grafts was not observed in groups C and D at 12 weeks post-surgery. In addition to the presence of articular cartilage degeneration, the Mankin score, cartilage apoptotic index, and expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 and Bax proteins in groups B, C and D were all significantly higher than those of group A (P  < 0.05), and the expression of proteoglycan in the three groups was lower than that in group A (P < 0.05), with no significant difference among the B, C, and D groups (P  > 0.05). To conclude, there are no significant differences in articular cartilage degeneration following remnant-preserving and conventional ACL construction, and this may be associated with the absence of increased knee stability by remnant preservation. 

Key words: bone, ligament, knee joint, remnant, biomechanics, articular degeneration, chondrocytes, apoptosis

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