中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (19): 3049-3056.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3501

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞治疗多发性硬化及视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的有效性和临床应用限制

张红庆,谢旭芳,吴晓牧   

  1. 南昌大学第一附属医院神经内科,江西省南昌市  330000
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-11 修回日期:2020-04-25 接受日期:2020-05-30 出版日期:2021-07-09 发布日期:2021-01-13
  • 通讯作者: 吴晓牧,博士,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,南昌大学第一附属医院神经内科,江西省南昌市 330000
  • 作者简介:张红庆,女,1995年生,江西省新余市人,汉族,南昌大学医学院在读硕士,主要从事神经免疫性疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江西省重点研发项目(20171ACH80001),项目负责人:吴晓牧;江西省卫健委资助项目(2018A026),项目负责人:谢旭芳

Effectiveness and clinical application limitations of stem cells in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and optic neuromyelitis spectrum diseases

Zhang Hongqing, Xie Xufang, Wu Xiaomu   

  1. Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-04-11 Revised:2020-04-25 Accepted:2020-05-30 Online:2021-07-09 Published:2021-01-13
  • Contact: Wu Xiaomu, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Hongqing, Master candidate, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Key Research and Development Project of Jiangxi Province, No. 20171ACH80001 (to WXM); the Project supported by Jiangxi Health and Health Commission, No. 2018A026 (to XXF)

摘要:

文题释义:
脱髓鞘疾病:髓鞘是包裹在神经细胞轴突外面的一层膜,其绝缘作用可以防止神经电冲动从神经元轴突传递至另一神经元轴突。脱髓鞘是指髓鞘形成后发生的髓鞘损坏,脱髓鞘疾病是以神经髓鞘脱失为主,神经元胞体及轴突相对受累较轻为特征的一组疾病。多发性硬化及视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病都属于中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病。
干细胞治疗中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的价值:近年来,干细胞在一些自身免疫性疾病中的应用越来越广泛。由于干细胞对受损的神经组织、轴突等具有保护及修复作用,使其在治疗诸如多发性硬化、视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病等脱髓鞘疾病中的应用受到大家的青睐。

背景:干细胞的自我更新及分化潜能使其成为医学领域中的研究热点,其免疫调节、神经保护等作用使干细胞在多发性硬化、视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病中的应用受到临床医生的青睐。
目的:总结近几年来干细胞治疗多发性硬化及视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的研究进展。
方法:通过检索PubMed、Web of science数据库中近几年发表的与干细胞治疗多发性硬化及视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病相关的文献,检索词为“stem cells,multiple sclerosis,MS,EAE,neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases,neuromyelitis optica,NMO,NMODS”,根据选入标准及排除标准,最终纳入75篇相关文献进行仔细阅读并做综述分析。
结果与结论:与过去的免疫抑制疗法相比,干细胞移植治疗多发性硬化及视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病具有很大的潜力。但关于细胞的选择、供体的来源、移植的时间、途径、移植后长期的安全性及有效性等问题限制了临床的应用。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0333-2812(张红庆)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 移植, 多发性硬化, 视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病, 免疫调节, 神经保护, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The self-renewal and differentiation potential of stem cells make it a research hotspot in the medical field. Its immune regulation and neuroprotective effects make stem cells applications in multiple sclerosis and optic neuromyelitis spectrum diseases favored by clinicians.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of stem cells in multiple sclerosis and optic neuromyelitis spectrum diseases in recent years.
METHODS: The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for documents related to stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis and optic neuromyelitis spectrum diseases published in recent years. Search terms are “stem cells, multiple sclerosis, MS, EAE, neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases, neuromyelitis optica, NMO, NMODS”. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 75 related articles were included for careful reading and comprehensive analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with past immunosuppressive therapies, stem cell transplantation has great potential for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and optic neuromyelitis spectrum diseases. However, cell selection, donor source, transplantation time, route, post-transplantation long-term safety and effectiveness limit clinical applications. 


Key words: stem cells, transplantation, multiple sclerosis, optic neuromyelitis spectrum disease, immune regulation, neuroprotection, review

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