中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (7): 1116-1121.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2179

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

感光细胞替代治疗视网膜变性疾病

李珊珊,郭笑霄,尤  冉,杨秀芬,赵  露,陈  曦,王艳玲   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院眼科,北京市   100050
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-30 修回日期:2019-10-21 接受日期:2020-03-18 出版日期:2021-03-08 发布日期:2020-12-09
  • 通讯作者: 王艳玲,博士,主任医师,首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院眼科,北京市 100050 陈曦,博士,首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院眼科,北京市 100050
  • 作者简介:李珊珊,女,1992年生,黑龙江省明水县人,汉族,在读博士,医师,主要从事干细胞治疗视网膜变性疾病的基础和临床应用研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81870686);北京市自然科学基金项目(7184201);首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2018-1-2021)

Photoreceptor cell replacement therapy for retinal degeneration diseases

Li Shanshan, Guo Xiaoxiao, You Ran, Yang Xiufen, Zhao Lu, Chen Xi, Wang Yanling   

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2019-09-30 Revised:2019-10-21 Accepted:2020-03-18 Online:2021-03-08 Published:2020-12-09
  • Contact: Wang Yanling, PhD, Chief physician, Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China Chen Xi, PhD, Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • About author:Li Shanshan, Doctoral candidate, Physician, Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81870686; the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation, No. 7184201; the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (SF 2018-1-2021)

摘要:

文题释义:
视网膜:视网膜由不同种类的相互关联的细胞及神经纤维组成,包括感光细胞、双极细胞、水平细胞、无长突细胞、神经节细胞等5种神经元,感光细胞位于视网膜的外核层,人的视网膜感光细胞包括1种视杆细胞和3种视锥细胞,视杆细胞在低强度的光照下提供视觉,视锥细胞主要集中在后极部黄斑区,在强光下提供高分辨率的中心视觉。双极细胞接受来自视锥细胞和视杆细胞的视觉信号,在水平细胞及无长突细胞的协调下将视觉信号传输给神经节细胞,然后传送给大脑,产生视觉,感光细胞作为产生视觉的一级神经元,对视觉的产生极其重要。
视网膜色素变性:是一种进行性、遗传性、营养不良性退行性病变,主要表现为慢性进行性视野缺失、夜盲、色素性视网膜病变和视网膜电图异常,最终可导致视力下降。该病为遗传性疾病,其遗传方式有常染色体隐性遗传,常染色体显性遗传与性染色体隐性遗传等,以常染色体隐性遗传最多。

背景:视网膜变性疾病至今仍无有效的治疗手段,其中感光细胞丢失、感光细胞功能障碍和丧失是引起视网膜退行性疾病的主要原因之一,感光细胞移植为一种有前途的细胞替代疗法,是当今研究的主要方向。
目的:对感光细胞替代治疗视网膜变性疾病相关研究进展予以综述。
方法:检索PubMed、CNKI、万方数据库,中文检索词为“感光细胞,视网膜,移植”,英文检索词为“photoreceptors,retina,transplantation”,通过阅读标题及摘要进行初步筛选,排除与主题相关度低的文献,最终共纳入 62 篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:外源性细胞作为种子细胞移植到视网膜变性环境中,用于替换晚期视网膜变性中丢失的感光细胞展现了巨大优势,为视网膜变性疾病提供了新的治疗策略。然而,至今尚未建立可供临床应用的标准化的种子细胞筛选方案,这也是在未来研究中所面临的重要挑战。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3487-0122(王艳玲); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8066-3394(陈曦)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 感光细胞, 视网膜, 变性, 移植, 视神经, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no effective treatment for retinal degenerative diseases, among which the loss of photoreceptor cells, dysfunction and loss of photoreceptor cells are the main causes of retinal degenerative diseases. Photoreceptor cell transplantation as a promising cell replacement therapy is the main research direction today.
OBJECTIVE: To review the progress of photoreceptor cell replacement in the treatment of retinal degeneration.
METHODS: PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched. The Chinese keywords were “photoreceptor cells, retina, transplantation” and the English keywords were “photoreceptors, retina, transplantation”. After preliminary screening by reading the titles and abstracts, the articles with low relevance to the subject were excluded, and a total of 62 articles were finally included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The transplantation of exogenous cells into the retinal degeneration environment to replace the photoreceptors lost in advanced retinal degeneration has shown great advantages and provided a new therapeutic strategy for the diseases of retinal degeneration. However, standardized cell screening protocols for clinical use are still not perfect, which is an important challenge for future research.

Key words: stem cells, photoreceptor cells, retina, degeneration, transplantation, optic nerve, review

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