中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (18): 3255-3262.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.18.004

• 肾移植 kidney transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

肾移植后的股骨头坏死

王晓勃,王  跃,丰贵文,李金锋,尚文俊,庞新路   

  1. 郑州大学第一附属医院肾移植科,河南省郑州市  450052
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-19 修回日期:2013-03-15 出版日期:2013-04-30 发布日期:2013-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 王跃,硕士,主任医师,硕士生导师,郑州大学第一附属医院肾移植科,河南省郑州市 450052 tuohai508@126.com
  • 作者简介:王晓勃★,男,1987年生,河南省郑州市人,汉族,郑州大学在读硕士,主要从事肾脏移植的临床与基础研究。 tuohai508@126.com

Femoral head necrosis after renal transplantation

Wang Xiao-bo, Wang Yue, Feng Gui-wen, Li Jin-feng, Shang Wen-jun, Pang Xin-lu   

  1. Department of Kidney Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou  450052, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2013-01-19 Revised:2013-03-15 Online:2013-04-30 Published:2013-04-30
  • Contact: Wang Yue, Master, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Kidney Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China tuohai508@126.com
  • About author:Wang Xiao-bo★, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Kidney Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China tuohai508@126.com

摘要:

背景:股骨头坏死是肾移植后的一种严重并发症,一旦发生将会严重影响患者的生活质量,因此对其防治尤为重要。
目的:探讨肾移植后股骨头缺血坏死的临床特点、相关危险因素、诊断及防治措施,为临床诊治提供依据。
方法:纳入郑州大学第一附属医院2008年1月至2012年7月收治的486例肾移植患者,对发生肾移植后股骨头坏死的患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察移植前透析方式及透析时间、移植后糖皮质激素用量及时间、患者体质量变化、血脂改变及出现股骨头坏死情况。
结果与结论:486例患者中454例获得随访,平均随访22.7个月,共有4例确诊为股骨头坏死,发病率为0.8%,平均发病时间为8.25个月。肾移植后股骨头坏死患者移植后前5 d平均静脉应用注射用甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠(2 707.50±154.45) mg,肾移植后第1个月平均口服醋酸泼尼松片(617.50±180.76) mg。4 例均为血液透析患者,肾移植后血脂及体质量增加,明确诊断后均减量并停用激素,并应用活血药物及内科保守治疗,3例好转,余1例为新近发现股骨头坏死患者。提示激素的应用是肾移植后股骨头坏死的重要原因,发病后停用激素,并给予活血药物治疗可取得较好疗效。

关键词: 器官移植, 肾移植, 股骨头坏死, 发病率, 糖皮质激素, 免疫抑制剂, 遗传易感性, 并发症, 危险因素, 透析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Femoral head necrosis is a serious complication after renal transplantation which will seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Therefore, its prevention is particularly important.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical features, related risk factors, diagnosis, prevention and treatment measure of avascular necrosis of femoral head after renal transplantation, and to provide the basis for clinical treatment.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 486 patients with femoral head necrosis after renal transplantation selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2008 to July 2012. The dialysis method and duration before transplantation, dose and duration of corticoid administration after transplantation, changes of body mass of the patients, lipids situation, and the time from transplantation to onset of femoral head necrosis were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 454 out of 486 patients were followed-up (averaged for 22.7 months) and four patients were diagnosed with femoral head necrosis. The incidence rate was 0.8%, and the mean duration of occurrence was 8.25 months. The mean dose of methylprednisolone for 5 days after transplantation was          (2 707.5±154.45) mg, and the mean dose of prednisone for the first month after transplantation was (617.5±   180.76) mg. All the four patients above received hemodialysis, and the lipids and body mass were increased after renal transplantation; the amount of corticoid was decreased or stopped after diagnosis and then treated with blood circulation drugs and conservative treatment. Three cases were improved, and the other one case was newly diagnosed with femoral head necrosis. Application of corticoid is the main reason for femoral head necrosis after renal transplantation, while to stop hormone therapy and give the blood circulation drugs after the onset can get better effect.

Key words: organ transplantation, renal transplantation, femoral head necrosis, incidence rate, glucocorticoid, immunosuppressant, genetic predisposition, complications, risk factors, dialysis

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