中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 779-784.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3015

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

沈阳市居民对器官、眼组织及遗体捐献的认知及意愿调查

杨  鑫1，金  喆1，冯  旭1，卢  兵2   

  1. 1沈阳医学院公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理学教研室，辽宁省沈阳市   110034；2 沈阳市红十字会，辽宁省沈阳市   110000
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-10 修回日期:2020-02-15 接受日期:2020-03-11 出版日期:2021-02-18 发布日期:2020-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 金喆，硕士，副教授，沈阳医学院公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理学教研室，辽宁省沈阳市 110034
  • 作者简介:杨鑫，女，1995年生，汉族，辽宁省大连市人，沈阳医学院在读硕士。

The current situation of knowledge and attitudes towards organ, eye tissue, body donation of residents in Shenyang

Yang Xin1, Jin Zhe1, Feng Xu1, Lu Bing2   

  1. 1Department of Social Medicine and health Administration, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China; 2Shenyang Red Cross Society, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-10 Revised:2020-02-15 Accepted:2020-03-11 Online:2021-02-18 Published:2020-12-01
  • Contact: Jin Zhe, Master, Associate professor, Department of Social Medicine and health Administration, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Yang Xin, Master candidate, Department of Social Medicine and health Administration, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China

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摘要：

文题释义：
器官捐献：自然人生前自愿表示在死亡后，由其执行人将遗体的部分捐献给医学科学事业；或生前未表示是否捐献意愿的自然人死亡后，由其直系亲属将遗体的全部或部分捐献给医学科学事业的行为。
器官移植：是指将一个个体细胞、组织或器官用手术或其他方法，导入自体或另一个体的某一部分，以替代原已丧失功能的一门技术。根据导入移植物不同，分为细胞、组织和器官移植。

背景：中国从2015年开始停止使用死囚器官，器官捐献便成了器官移植的惟一来源，因此目前全面了解器官捐献的具体现状十分重要。
目的：了解沈阳市居民器官、眼组织、遗体捐献认知及态度现状，并分析其影响因素。
方法：采用多级整群抽样的方法，抽取沈阳市10 000名居民进行问卷调查。有效问卷8 942份，回收有效率93.43%。
结果与结论：①在调查对象中，听说过器官遗体捐献的调查对象8 209人，占比91.8%，愿意进行器官遗体捐献的调查对象6 251人占比69.9%，以认知和意愿为因变量，以调查对象的自身情况为自变量做Logistic回归结果显示，认知受性别、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、职业、政治面貌及宗教信仰影响，其对应的OR(知晓/未知晓)值分别为：男性OR=0.786、文化程度小学及以下OR=0.188、家庭人均月收入2 000-5 000元OR=1.418、农民OR=1.593、共青团员OR=1.313、无宗教信仰OR=1.810；②在调查对象中，态度受性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入、职业、政治面貌及宗教信仰影响，其对应的OR(愿意/不愿意)值分别为：男性OR=1.131、年龄≤30岁OR=1.266、文化程度小学及以下OR=2.090、已婚OR=0.841、家庭人均月收入<2 000元OR=1.253、机关事业单位OR=0.740、中共党员OR=0.799、无宗教信仰OR=0.842(P < 0.05)；③上述数据证实，沈阳市居民对器官、眼组织及遗体捐献的认知和意愿总体较高，但仍需要进一步加强宣传，建立有效的器官捐献管理机制。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5088-6896 (杨鑫) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词: 器官移植, 器官遗体捐献, 眼, 眼角膜, 捐献意愿, 器官

Abstract: BACKGROUND: China has stopped using the organs from executed prisoners for transplantation since 2015, and organ donation has become the only source of organ transplantation. Therefore, it is very important to fully understand the current status of organ donation. 
OBJECTIVE: To understand the current status of organ, eye tissue and body donation awareness and attitude of residents in Shenyang city, and to analyze the influencing factors. 
METHODS: A total of 10 000 residents of Shenyang were sampled by multistage cluster sampling. There were 8 942 valid questionnaires, and the effective rate was 93.43%. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the survey, 8 209 people heard of organ donation accounting for 91.8% of all the respondents, and 6 251 people were willing to make a survey about organ/body donation, accounting for 69.9%. With cognition and intention as dependent variables and own situation as independent variable, we made a Logistic regression analysis and found that the cognitive level was related to gender, education level, family per capita monthly income, occupation, political affiliation and religion. The corresponding odds ratio (OR) (known/unknown) values were: for males, the OR=0.786; for the education level of primary education or below, OR=0.188; for the monthly income per capita of 2 000-5 000 yuan, OR=1.418; for farmer, OR=1.593; for communist youth league member, OR=1.313; for non-religious, OR=1.810. Respondents' attitudes were related to gender, age, education level, marital status, family per capita income, occupation, political affiliation and religion. The corresponding OR (willing/unwilling) values were: for male, OR=1.131; for age ≤ 30 years, OR=1.266; for primary education or below, OR=2.090; for married, OR=0.841; for the monthly income per capita < 2 000 yuan, OR=1.253; for public institution or government department, OR=0.740; for the member of Communist Party of China, OR=0.799; for no religious belief, OR=0.842 (P < 0.05). The above data confirm that Shenyang residents have a high awareness and willingness of organ, eye tissue and body donation in general; however, further publicity is still needed to establish an effective organ donation management system.

Key words: organ transplantation, organ and body donation, eye, cornea, willingness to donate, organ

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