中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (7): 1136-1141.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1577

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

类器官技术在肿瘤研究中的应用与展望

高坚钧,秦  伟,王  浩,钟翔宇   

  1. (哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院胆胰外科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150086)
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-24 出版日期:2019-03-08 发布日期:2019-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 钟翔宇,主任医师,教授,哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院胆胰外科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150086
  • 作者简介:高坚钧,男,1992年生,山东省栖霞市人,汉族,哈尔滨医科大学在读硕士,主要从事肝胆胰肿瘤方向研究。

Application and prospect of organoid technique in cancer research 

Gao Jianjun, Qin Wei, Wang Hao, Zhong Xiangyu   

  1.  (Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China)
  • Received:2018-10-24 Online:2019-03-08 Published:2019-03-08
  • Contact: Zhong Xiangyu, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Gao Jianjun, Master candidate, Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
类器官:由干细胞或器官祖细胞发展而来,以类似体内细胞分选和空间谱系限定方式组织成的器官特异性细胞类型集合,它具有多种器官特异性细胞类型,拥有器官的某些特定功能,如收缩、神经活动、分泌、滤过等,并且能够聚集成簇或团块,自我构建成类似其来源器官的空间组织形式。
个性化癌症治疗:针对各种肿瘤不同的分子和药理学特征,为每一位癌症患者制定最佳的治疗方案,以期达到治疗效果最大化和不良反应最小化的特定医疗模式。相比以往对大部分癌症患者实施单纯手术切除治疗,这种治疗方式更加强调精准化,因此又称为精准医疗。
摘要
背景
:作为一类新型的体外模型,类器官能用于研究正常组织器官的生理特性,也能稳定地维持肿瘤细胞在体内的特征,同时可应用于抗肿瘤药物筛选和个性化治疗。
目的:简述类器官技术的发展历程及现状,综述其在肿瘤研究中的应用。
方法:第一作者以“类器官,肿瘤研究,3D培养,干细胞;Organoid,Three-dimensional culture,Cancer research,Stem cell”为关键词,检索2013 年5月至2018 年5月期间收录在CNKI、PubMed 数据库中的相关文献,文献类型包括临床研究、基础研究及综述类文章,排除与文章研究目的无关及重复性的文献,最终纳入47篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:肿瘤类器官为癌症研究和治疗提供了可靠的模型,特别是为个性化癌症治疗开辟了新的视野。肿瘤来源的类器官是源自组织或肿瘤特异性干细胞的三维组织细胞簇,它可模拟体内肿瘤特征及肿瘤细胞异质性。目前,科研人员通过优化各种培养条件成功产生了许多肿瘤类器官,包括结肠癌、前列腺癌、胃癌、乳腺癌和胰腺癌、宫内膜/卵巢癌、子宫癌肉瘤、尿路上皮癌和肾癌等。但类器官培养具有明显的局限性,其中之一就是该模型中神经、血管及免疫细胞缺乏,这就使其不能完全表现出器官的全部特征,对于疾病过程的模拟也只能是部分重现。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-9456-4768(高坚钧)

关键词: 类器官, 3D培养, 肿瘤研究, 干细胞, 个性化治疗, 生物材料

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: As a new kind of model in vitro, the organoid allows the in vitro long-term culture of patient-derived cancer cells that faithfully recapitulate the in vivo phenotype. This technology facilitates antineoplastic drug screening and personalized therapies.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the development of organoid technology briefly and review the applications in cancer research.
METHODS: Using the keywords of “organoid, three-dimensional culture, cancer research, stem cell” in English and Chinese, respectively, the first author retrieved relevant articles published from May 2013 to May 2018 in PubMed and CNKI databases. The literature types included clinical research, basic research and review articles. After removal of the articles that were not related to the purpose of the study or repetitive, 47 articles were finally analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Patient-derived organoids provide a reliable model for cancer research and treatment, and in particular, open up a new perspective for personalized cancer treatment. Patient-derived organoids are three-dimensional tissue cell clusters derived from tissues or tumor specific stem cells, which can recapitulate characteristics of tumors and heterogeneity of tumor cells in vivo. In cancer research, optimizing various culture conditions has resulted in the development of numerous patient-derived tumor organoids, including colon, prostate, gastric, breast, and pancreatic cancers, in addition to endometrial/ovary carcinomas, uterine carcinosarcoma, urothelial carcinoma, and renal carcinoma. However, there are obvious limitations in organoids culture, one of which is the lack of nerve, blood vessels and immune cells in this model. This cannot show all features of organs, and partially simulate the process of disease.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Neoplasms, Organoids, Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering

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