中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 935-941.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.4001

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

激素性股骨头坏死发病机制及相关信号通路的靶点效应

李时斌1,赖  渝1,周  毅1,廖建钊1,章晓云1 ,张  璇2   

  1. 1广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530011;2广西中医药大学骨伤学院, 广西壮族自治区南宁市   530001
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-11 修回日期:2020-04-15 接受日期:2020-05-13 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2020-12-04
  • 通讯作者: 张璇,博士,主治医师,广西中医药大学骨伤学院,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530001 章晓云,主治医师,江西中医药大学在读博士,广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530011
  • 作者简介:李时斌,男,1995年生,湖南省邵阳市人,广西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事骨与关节疾病及运动损伤研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81760796,81960803);广西高校青年教师基础能力提升项目(2019KY0352);广西中医药大学2019年校级科研课题(2019QN027);广西中医药大学一流学科课题(2019XK029) ;广西自然科学基金项目(2019JJB140139);广西中医药大学2017年引进博士科研启动基金项目(2017BS038);广西中医药大学一流学科课题(2019XK027);2019年度崇左市本级科技计划项目(崇科FC2019006)

Pathogenesis of hormonal osteonecrosis of the femoral head and the target effect of related signaling pathways

Li Shibin1, Lai Yu1, Zhou Yi1, Liao Jianzhao1, Zhang Xiaoyun1, Zhang Xuan2   

  1. 1Department of Traumatology Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2College of Orthopedic Injury, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-04-11 Revised:2020-04-15 Accepted:2020-05-13 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2020-12-04
  • Contact: Zhang Xuan, MD, Attending physician, College of Orthopedic Injury, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China Zhang Xiaoyun, Attending physician, Doctoral candidate, Department of Traumatology Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Li Shibin, Master candidate, Department of Traumatology Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81760796 and 81960803; the Basic Research Ability of Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Colleges and Universities of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China, No. 2019KY0352; the Science and Research Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine in 2019, No. 2019QN027; the First-Level Subject Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2019XK029; the Natural Science Foundation Project of Guangxi, No. 2019JJB140139; the PhD Research Startup Foundation of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine in 2017, No. 2017BS038; the First-Level Subject Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2019XK027; the Chongzuo Municipal Science and Technology Plan Project of 2019, No. Chongke FC2019006

摘要:

文题释义:
激素性股骨头坏死:是临床上不当应用糖皮质激素所引起的一种严重骨科疾病,其病理特征是骨细胞和骨髓逐渐进行性坏死,最终导致股骨头结构改变甚至塌陷。如果没有有效的治疗,大多数患者在广泛应用糖皮质激素的2年内会出现骨坏死,其中约70%的患者甚至需要人工关节置换,严重影响生活质量。
骨髓间充质干细胞:是一种可以分化为骨细胞、软骨细胞、脂肪细胞和内皮细胞等多种组织的多能干细胞。目前骨髓间充质干细胞中成骨分化和成脂分化之间的不平衡被认为是激素性股骨头坏死发生和发展的主要机制。

背景:股骨头缺血性坏死早期难以发现,容易被忽视和误诊,且由于部分地区医疗条件相对较差,经常延误治疗致使晚期病残率高。
目的:总结国内外相关文献,就激素性股骨头坏死的发病机制及相关信号通路的研究予以展开综述,以期进一步理解其发病机制。
方法:中文以“股骨头坏死,糖皮质激素,发病机制,细胞凋亡,信号通路,脂质代谢紊乱,BMSCs,Wnt/β-catenin”检索知网、万方、维普数据库;英文以“ANFH,Glucocorticoids,Pathogenesis,Cell apoptosis,Signal path,Lipid metabolism disorder,BMSCs,Wnt/β-catenin”检索 PubMed和MEDLINE数据库,收录与激素性股骨头坏死发病机制相关的文献报道,按照入选及排除标准共纳入57篇文章。
结果与结论:①激素性股骨头坏死的发病是多种机制多因素共同作用的结果,目前被接受的主要包括血管内凝血、脂质代谢紊乱、骨质疏松及细胞凋亡等学说,但目前其病理过程还尚未完全阐明,需要进一步深入研究;②目前激素性股骨头坏死还不能被根治,是因为其发病机制还未被确切指明,造成这一困难的原因可能是目前大量实验中的动物模型无法令人满意地模拟出人体股骨头坏死的复杂病理变化及机制,希望在以后研究激素性股骨头坏死的实验中能够进一步完善股骨头坏死的动物造模;③在充分理解激素性股骨头坏死发病机制的基础上,临床上合理使用糖皮质激素并采取预防及干预措施可能是防止股骨头发生坏死的关键,此外加快相关信号通路的研究,将有助于研究者们为激素性股骨头坏死的防治找到靶点,有望找到更有效的治疗方案。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1255-5479 (李时斌) 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


关键词: 骨, 股骨头坏死, 骨质疏松, 糖皮质激素, 细胞凋亡, 信号通路, 代谢, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The early stage of avascular necrosis of the femoral head is difficult to find, easy to be ignored and misdiagnosed. Due to the relatively poor medical conditions in some areas, the treatment is often delayed, resulting in a high rate of late disability.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the related literature in and outside China, and the research on the pathogenesis of hormonal osteonecrosis of the femoral head and related signal pathway so as to understand the pathogenesis.
METHODS: The databases of CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were retrieved in Chinese with the key words of “necrosis of femoral head, glucocorticoid, pathogenesis, apoptosis, signal pathway, lipid metabolism disorder, BMSCs, Wnt/β-catenin”. PubMed and MEDLINE databases were retrieved in English with the key words of “ANFH, glucocortioids, pathogenesis, cell apoptosis, signal path, lipid metabolism disorder, BMSCs, Wnt/β-catenin”. The articles regarding the pathogenesis of hormonal osteonecrosis of the femoral head were collected. Finally, 57 articles were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The pathogenesis of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis is the result of a combination of multiple mechanisms and factors. Currently, the accepted theories mainly include intravascular coagulation, lipid metabolism disorder, osteoporosis and cell apoptosis. However, the pathological process has not yet been fully elucidated and further in-depth research is needed. (2) At present steroid-induced femoral head necrosis has not been completely cured because its pathogenesis has not been clearly identified. The reason for this difficulty may be that animal models in a large number of experiments at present cannot satisfactorily simulate the complex pathological changes and mechanisms of human femoral head necrosis. It is hoped that animal models of femoral head necrosis can be further improved in future experiments on steroid-induced femoral head necrosis. (3) On the basis of fully understanding the pathogenesis of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis, rational clinical use of glucocorticoids and preventive and intervention measures may be the key to prevent femoral head necrosis. In addition, speeding up the research on relevant signal pathways will help investigators find targets for the prevention and treatment of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis, and hopefully find more effective therapeutic schemes.

Key words: bone, osteonecrosis of femoral head, osteoporosis, glucocorticoid, apoptosis, signaling pathway, metabolism, review

中图分类号: