中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 431-437.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2943

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨头坏死保髋治疗的新策略

曾祥洪1,梁博伟2   

  1. 1右江民族医学院附属医院,广西壮族自治区百色市    533000;2广西壮族自治区玉林市红十字会医院,广西壮族自治区玉林市   537000
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-20 修回日期:2020-03-26 接受日期:2020-04-18 出版日期:2021-01-28 发布日期:2020-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 梁博伟,博士,主任医师,广西壮族自治区玉林市红十字会医院,广西壮族自治区玉林市 537000
  • 作者简介:曾祥洪,男,1994年生,广东省化州市人,汉族,右江民族医学院在读硕士,主要从事骨科研究。

A new strategy for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Zeng Xianghong1, Liang Bowei2   

  1. 1Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin 537000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-03-20 Revised:2020-03-26 Accepted:2020-04-18 Online:2021-01-28 Published:2020-11-18
  • Contact: Liang Bowei, MD, Chief physician, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin 537000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Zeng Xianghong, Master candidate, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文题释义:
多孔钽棒置入:被称为关节保护手术,通过对软骨下骨提供强有力的结构支持,使其成为治疗股骨头坏死的另一种选择,具有良好的生物相容性、优异的耐蚀性、高摩擦特性,以及与骨骼相似的弹性模量。
髓芯减压:单独髓芯减压对于早期股骨头坏死是有效的,但就目前研究进展来看,其联合植骨术及药物多重治疗的效果更佳,且不局限于早期坏死,对于中型或大面积病变的股骨头坏死也有不错的疗效,未来应进一步研究髓芯减压与各种保髋方式联合治疗的效果

背景:髋关节置换已成股骨头坏死治疗的一种终末手段,但早中期的股骨头坏死或者年轻患者往往优先考虑保髋治疗,包括保守治疗与手术治疗。
目的:对目前股骨头坏死的各种保髋治疗进展进行总结。
方法:应用计算机检索从2010年至2020年3月PubMed、维普、CNKI及Web of Science数据库中有关股骨头坏死保髋治疗的文献,检索词为“osteonecrosis of femoral head,hyperbaric oxygen,pulsed electromagnetic fields,extracorporeal shock wave,hip arthroscopy,core decompression,stem cell transplantation,non-vascularized free bone grafting,vascularized free bone grafting,porous tantalum rod implantation,intertrochanteric osteotomy,medication”。共检索到197篇文献,查阅全文,按照纳入标准,最后纳入 59 篇文献进行结果分析。
结果与结论:①药物治疗因为其潜在的副反应以及研究开展不足,需谨慎使用;②物理治疗对于早期的病变疗效显著,而且具有无创、操作方便等优点;③保髋手术目前种类各异:髓芯减压是治疗股骨头坏死的基础疗法,单独使用已甚少,目前常通过与其他保髋疗法联合使用;截骨术在患者的适应证选择及手术技巧上有较高的要求,临床上应慎重选择;多孔钽棒置入存在手术时间长、失血量较大及后期髋关节置换难度增加等问题;干细胞及关节镜疗法显示出较好的效果,应加快研究进程;血管化植骨对中晚期的患者有着不错的疗效。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9383-6576(曾祥洪)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


关键词: 骨, 关节, 股骨头坏死, 高压氧, 脉冲, 电磁场, 冲击波, 髓芯减压, 骨移植, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Research evidence shows hip arthroplasty has become the final treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head, but early- and middle-stage osteonecrosis of femoral head or young patients often give priority to hip preservation treatment, including conservative treatment and surgical treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress of hip preservation in the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head.
METHODS: The literature about hip-preserving treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head in PubMed, VIP, CNKI and Web of Science databases from 2010 to March 2020 was searched by computer. The key words were “osteonecrosis of femoral head, hyperbaric oxygen, pulsed electromagnetic fields, extracorporeal shock wave, hip arthroscopy, core decompression, stem cell transplantation, non-vascularized free bone grafting, vascularized free bone grafting, porous tantalum rod implantation, intertrochanteric osteotomy, medication”. A total of 197 articles were retrieved, and the full text was consulted. According to the inclusion criteria, 59 articles were included for result analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Drug therapy should be used cautiously because of its potential side effects and insufficient research. (2) Physiotherapy is effective for early lesions, and it has the advantages of non-invasion and convenient operation. (3) At present, there are different types of hip preservation surgery. Core decompression is the basic therapy for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head, but it is seldom used alone. At present, it is often treated in combination with other hip preservation therapies. Osteotomy has higher requirements in the selection of patients’ indications and surgical skills, so it should be chosen carefully in clinic. There are some problems in porous tantalum rod implantation, such as long operation time, large blood loss and difficulty of hip replacement in the later stage. Stem cells and arthroscopic therapy show good results, and the research process should be accelerated. Vascularized bone grafting has a good effect on both middle- and late-stage patients.

Key words: bone, joint, osteonecrosis of femoral head, hyperbaric oxygen, pulse, electromagnetic field, shock wave, core decompression, bone transplantation, review

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