中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 403-408.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2950

• 骨科植入物Orthopedic implants • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折3种内固定方式的比较

向飞帆,叶俊武,张喜海,葛建华,唐  炼,阳运康   

  1. 西南医科大学附属医院骨与关节外科,四川省泸州市   646000
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-25 修回日期:2020-03-04 接受日期:2020-04-03 出版日期:2021-01-28 发布日期:2020-11-17
  • 通讯作者: 阳运康,博士,教授,西南医科大学附属医院骨与关节外科,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:向飞帆,男,1990年生,四川省安岳县人,汉族,2017年西南医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事四肢创伤与周围神经损伤修复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    西南医科大学课题(2017-ZRQN-129);西南医科大学附属医院课题(2017-PT-47)

Comparison of three different internal fixation methods in treatment of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fracture

Xiang Feifan, Ye Junwu, Zhang Xihai, Ge Jianhua, Tang Lian, Yang Yunkang   

  1. Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou  646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-25 Revised:2020-03-04 Accepted:2020-04-03 Online:2021-01-28 Published:2020-11-17
  • Contact: Yang Yunkang, MD, Professor, Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Xiang Feifan, Master, Physician, Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
     the Project of Southwest Medical University, 2017-ZRQN-129; the Project of Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 2017-PT-47

摘要:

文题释义:
股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折:股骨小转子下5 cm至股骨髁上5 cm处为股骨干,目前治疗以髓内钉固定为金标准;合并同侧股骨颈骨折,为临床少见损伤,多由高暴力损伤所致,股骨颈骨折易延迟诊疗或漏诊,股骨颈骨折的固定方式存在争议。
内固定方式:目前治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折的常用内固定方式包括以下几种:股骨重建钉同时固定股骨干和股骨颈骨折;逆行髓内钉固定股骨干骨折,空心钉固定股骨颈骨折;钢板固定股骨干骨折,空心钉固定股骨颈骨折。

背景:股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折属临床少见损伤,其治疗越来越多地引起学者的重视,目前内固定方式较多。
目的:回顾性分析3种内固定方式治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折的疗效,探讨其适应证。
方法:纳入2015年1月至2018年9月西南医科大学附属医院收治的33例股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折患者,根据内固定方式不同分为3组,单纯股骨重建钉组(A组)11例,逆行髓内钉联合空心钉组(B组)10例,钢板联合空心钉组(C组)12例。对比3组患者术前一般资料、术中情况、术后随访情况及并发症。
结果与结论:①3组患者年龄、性别、受伤原因、股骨干骨折AO分型、股骨颈骨折Garden分型、受伤至手术时间相比,差异无显著性意义(P﹥0.05);②3组切口长度差异有显著性意义(P﹤0.05),A组与B组差异无显著性意义(P﹥0.05),均显著小于C组(P﹤0.05);3组术中失血量、手术时间差异无显著性意义(P﹥0.05);③3组患者股骨干愈合时间、股骨颈愈合时间、并发症发生率、Harris评分优良率相比,差异均无显著性意义(P﹥0.05);④A组有1例发生股骨颈骨折延迟愈合;B组有1例发生再骨折,骨折端位于股骨转子下;C组有1例发生螺钉松动;⑤说明3种内固定方式均可获得良好的治疗效果,可根据患者具体情况选择术者熟练的内固定方式。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9019-5515 (向飞帆)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 股骨, 骨折, 股骨干, 股骨颈, 内固定, 髓内钉, 并发症

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Ipsilateral femoral shaft and neck fracture is a rare clinical injury, and its treatment has attracted more and more attention from scholars. At present, there are many internal fixation methods.
OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze efficacy of three internal fixation methods in the treatment of ipsilateral femoral shaft and neck fracture, and its indications.
METHODS: Thirty-three cases of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fracture treated by three different internal fixation implants between January 2015 and September 2018 were retrospectively studied. Patients were divided into three groups according to different internal fixation: intramedullary nail only group (group A; n=11), retrograde nail with cannulated screw group (group B; n=10) and plate with cannulated screw group (group C; n=12). The general clinical data, the intraoperative situations, the postoperative follow-up conditions and complications were compared among the three groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference between the three groups with regard to age, gender, cause of injury, AO fracture classification, Garden classification and average time from injury to surgery (P > 0.05). (2) There were statistically significant differences among the three groups in incision length (P < 0.05); no significant difference in incision length was found between the groups A and B (P > 0.05); the incision length was smaller in groups A and B than in group C (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences among the three groups in operation time and intraoperative blood loss (P > 0.05). (3) There were no significant differences among the three groups in time to bony union in both femoral shaft and neck, complication rate, and excellent and good rate of Harris hip score (P >  0.05). (4) Femoral neck fracture delayed healing occurred in one case of the group A; re-fracture occurred in one case of the group B; and the fracture end was located under the femoral tuberosity; screw loosening occurred in one case of the group C. (5) It is indicated that all three internal fixation methods can achieve good therapeutic effects. The operator can choose the skilled internal fixation method according to the specific conditions of the patient.

Key words: bone, femur, fracture, femoral shaft, femoral neck, internal fixation, intramedullary nail, complications

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