中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (10): 1628-1634.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3025

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

可吸收止血材料的研究现状与应用

张  爽,徐庆华,童  琳,曹  琛,叶  红   

  1. 安徽省医学科学研究院,安徽省合肥市   230061
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-02 修回日期:2020-04-11 接受日期:2020-05-16 出版日期:2021-04-08 发布日期:2020-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 叶红,副研究员,安徽省医学科学研究院,安徽省合肥市 230061
  • 作者简介:张爽,女,1988年生,江苏省南京市人,汉族,南京医科大学毕业,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事预防医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省卫计委科研课题(2018YK002),项目负责人:张爽

Current status and applicaton of absorbable hemostatic materials

Zhang Shuang, Xu Qinghua, Tong Lin, Cao Chen, Ye Hong    

  1. Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2020-04-02 Revised:2020-04-11 Accepted:2020-05-16 Online:2021-04-08 Published:2020-12-18
  • Contact: Ye Hong, Associate researcher, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Shuang, Master, Assistant researcher, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Project of Anhui Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 2018YK002 (to ZS)

摘要:

文题释义:
可吸收止血类医疗器械:指常规止血技术无效的情况下,在手术过程中放置于人体内的可被人体吸收的医疗器械产品,该类产品可通过加速创面局部血液的凝固过程产生止血作用。目前该类产品大多由以下材质制成:氧化纤维素、再生氧化纤维素、淀粉等植物多糖、可吸收性明胶及胶原等。
止血:是指控制损伤部位出血的过程,通过血凝块的形成封闭血管的破裂,从而止血。止血机制涉及血小板和可溶性凝血因子,它们总是以非活性形式存在于血液中,随时准备好在受伤后几秒内被激活。当血管受损时血液暴露于周围组织的成分中,其中一些成分与血小板结合并活化血小板,活化的血小板参与止血的所有阶段。

背景:与传统止血方式相比,可吸收止血材料虽然价格较贵、认知度低,但是在一定的外科手术中具有较大的优势。
目的:对可吸收止血材料的分类、临床使用情况、材料的安全性及其发展现状进行综述。
方法:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库2003年1月至2020年3月的相关文献,检索词为“Absorbable Hemostatic Agents;Fibrin adhesives;Hemorrhage; Hemostatic dressings;Hemostats;Mechanical hemostats;Sealants”;检索CNKI 中国期刊全文数据库2004年1月至2020年3月的相关文献,检索词为“可吸收止血材料;止血材料;临床研究”。
结果与结论:可吸收止血类材料主要通过加速创面的血液凝固过程而产生止血作用,常见的止血产品有纤维素类、淀粉等植物多糖、明胶/胶原蛋白、壳聚糖、纤维蛋白原类等。材料不同其止血机制也有差异,氧化再生纤维素、淀粉、明胶/胶原蛋白及壳聚糖类止血材料主要通过提供血小板活化和聚集作用形成血小板,纤维蛋白原类止血材料可以在凝血级联反应中参与形成纤维蛋白凝块。可吸收止血材料的使用依赖于医生经验或偏好,临床医生需要根据患者实际情况合理选择一个或多个止血材料组合。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7399-7433 (张爽) 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 材料, 可吸收, 止血, 出血, 凝血, 纤维蛋白, 止血材料, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Compared with traditional hemostatic methods, absorbable hemostatic materials are more expensive and have lower awareness, but they have greater advantages in certain surgical procedures.
OBJECTIVE: To review the classification, clinical use, safety and development status of absorbable hemostatic materials.
METHODS: The computer was used to search the PubMed database for relevant literature published from January 2003 to March 2020. The search terms were “Absorbable Hemostatic Agents; Fibrin adhesives; Hemorrhage; Hemostatic dressings; Hemostats; Mechanical hemostats; Sealants”. China National Knowledge Infrastructure was retrieved for relevant literature published from January 2004 to March 2020. The search terms were “absorbable hemostatic material; hemostatic material; clinical research”.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Absorbable hemostatic materials mainly produce hemostasis by accelerating the blood coagulation process of wounds. Common hemostatic products include cellulose, starch and other plant polysaccharides, gelatin/collagen, chitosan, and fibrinogen. Different materials have different hemostatic mechanisms. Oxidized regenerated cellulose, starch, gelatin/collagen and chitosan hemostatic materials mainly form platelets by providing platelet activation and aggregation. Fibrinogen hemostatic materials can be used in the coagulation cascade involved in the formation of fibrin clots. The use of absorbable hemostatic materials depends on the doctor’s experience or preference. Clinicians need to choose one or more hemostatic material combinations according to the actual situation of the patient. 


Key words: materials, absorbable, hemostasis, bleeding, coagulation, fibrin, hemostatic material, review

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