中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 408-415.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2415

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

PI3K/AKT信号通路调控股骨头坏死的相关机制

宋世雷1,陈跃平2,章晓云2   

  1. 1广西中医药大学,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530001;2广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530011
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-20 修回日期:2019-04-29 接受日期:2019-06-22 出版日期:2020-01-28 发布日期:2019-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 陈跃平,博士,硕士生导师,主任医师,广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530011 章晓云,硕士,主治医师,广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530011
  • 作者简介:宋世雷,男,1994年生,浙江省平阳县人,广西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事骨与关节疾病及运动损伤研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81760796);广西高校青年教师基础能力提升项目(2019KY0352);广西高校青年教师基础能力提升项目(KY2016YB204);广西自然科学基金课题(2015GXNSFAA139136);广西卫生厅重点课题(S201419-05)

Mechanism of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway regulating osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Song Shilei1, Chen Yueping2, Zhang Xiaoyun2   

  1. 1Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2019-04-20 Revised:2019-04-29 Accepted:2019-06-22 Online:2020-01-28 Published:2019-12-26
  • Contact: Chen Yueping, MD, Master’s supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China Zhang Xiaoyun, Master, Attending physician, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Song Shilei, Master candidate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81760796; the Basic Competence Promotion Project for Young Teachers in Universities and Colleges in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 2019KY0352; the Basic Competence Promotion Project for Young Teachers in Universities and Colleges in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. KY2016YB204; the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 2015GXNSFAA139136; the Key Program of Health Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. S201419-05

摘要:

文题释义:
股骨头坏死:又称股骨头缺血性坏死,由多种因素造成股骨头血供障碍,从而引起软骨下区的软骨细胞和骨细胞得不到所需的营养物质而坏死并伴随局部骨质疏松,最终因外力导致股骨头塌陷。该病常易引起股骨头功能活动障碍,致残率较高,已成为骨科临床常见复杂性疾病之一。
PI3K/AKT信号通路:磷脂酰肌醇(PI3K)是一种位于胞质的脂质激酶,而AKT是PI3K通路中的一种关键激酶(丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶),亦名蛋白激酶。AKT激活需要丝氨酸473(AktSer473)和苏氨酸308(Akt-Thr 308)的膜相互作用和磷酸化,经多种因素刺激后,PH结构域与PI3K产生的磷脂酰肌醇3,4,5-三磷酸(PIP3)相互作用,使胞浆AKT进入质膜;接着Akt-PIP3相互作用,通过域间构象变化将AKT诱导为开放的构象异构体,暴露Thr308和Ser473以用于磷酸肌醇依赖性蛋白激酶的后续磷酸化,而Thr308和Ser473的磷酸化完全激活AKT,从而通过磷酸化各种下游激酶,参与多种调节细胞的增殖和发育,在多个领域如癌症、血管再生、骨质疏松发挥了重要的调节作用从而通过磷酸化各种下游激酶,参与多种调节细胞的增殖和发育,在多个领域如癌症、血管再生、骨质疏松发挥了重要的调节作用。

背景:近年来随着医学研究不断深入,发现PI3K/AKT信号通路对血管修复再生、成骨细胞分化增殖、破骨细胞骨分化有调控作用,这对治疗股骨头坏死来说至关重要。

目的:就近年来PI3K/AKT信号通路调控股骨头坏死相关机制的主要研究进展做一简要概述,旨在为今后股骨头坏死的治疗提供新思路。

方法:检索PubMed、MEDLINE数据库、万方、CNKI、维普及中国生物医学文献数据库2012至2019年相关国内外文献,包括:①股骨头坏死的流行病学及相关病因病机研究文献;②PI3K/AKT通路相关机制研究文献;③PI3K/AKT对血管修复再生相关因素的影响研究文献;④PI3K/AKT对成骨细胞分化增殖相关因素调控的研究文献;⑤PI3K/AKT对破骨细胞分化等功能相关因素的调控研究文献。共纳入62篇文献分析总结。

结果与结论:①PI3K/AKT信号通路经多项动物实验已证实可对血管修复再生、成骨细胞分化增殖凋亡与破骨细胞分化相关因素进行有效调控,在认识这些通路机制基础上研发相关药物提高股骨头坏死早期保守治疗成功率具有远大发展前景及潜力,为未来治疗股骨头坏死开辟了新道路,也给患者及其家属带来新希望;②而根据患者不同股骨头坏死情况如何运用PI3K/AKT信号通路指导治疗成为该项技术的突破点及挑战,需要后期更多研究去探索。

ORCID: 0000-0002-3771-335X(宋世雷)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 股骨头坏死, PI3K/AKT, 血管再生, 骨细胞, 破骨细胞, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In recent years, with the deepening of medical research, it has been found that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has a regulatory effect on vascular repair regeneration, osteoblast differentiation and proliferation, and osteoclast bone differentiation. This is very important for the treatment of femoral head necrosis.

OBJECTIVE: To provide a brief overview of the main research progress in mechanisms of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway regulating femoral head necrosis in recent years, aiming to provide new ideas for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in the future.

METHODS: PubMed and MEDLINE database, Wanfang, CNKI, WIPO and CBM database were searched from 2012 to 2019, for relevant domestic and foreign literatures, including: (1) epidemiological study of osteonecrosis of the femoral head and related pathogenesis; (2) PI3K/AKT pathway related mechanism; (3) research literature on the effects of PI3K/AKT on factors related to vascular repair and regeneration; (4) research literature on the regulation of PI3K/AKT on osteoblast differentiation and proliferation-related factors; (5) literature on the regulation of PI3K/AKT on functional factors related to osteoclast differentiation. A total of 62 literatures were included for analysis and summary.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has been proven to be effective in the regulation of vascular repair regeneration, osteoblast differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and osteoclast differentiation. After understanding these pathways, research and development of related drugs to improve the success rate of early conservative treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head have great development prospects and potential, opening up a new path for future orthopedic surgeons to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and bringing new hope to patients and their families. (2) According to the different osteonecrosis of the femoral head conditions of patients, how to use PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to guide treatment becomes a breakthrough point and challenge of this technology, and more research is needed later.

Key words:  femoral head necrosis, PI3K/AKT, vascular regeneration, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, the National Natural Science Foundation of China

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