中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (24): 3914-3920.doi: 10.12307/2021.102

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

Nel样分子1型蛋白在脊柱融合术后促进骨性融合的作用与机制

唐小凯1,李伟明2   

  1. 1哈尔滨医科大学,黑龙江省哈尔滨市   150001;2哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市   150001
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-26 修回日期:2020-10-29 接受日期:2020-11-28 出版日期:2021-08-28 发布日期:2021-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 李伟明,博士,主任医师,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 作者简介:唐小凯,男,1992年生,四川省德阳市人,汉族,哈尔滨医科大学在读硕士,主要从事生长因子与骨再生方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M601449),项目负责人:李伟明

Role and mechanism of Nel-like molecule-1 in promoting bone fusion after spinal fusion

Tang Xiaokai1, Li Weiming2   

  1. 1Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2020-10-26 Revised:2020-10-29 Accepted:2020-11-28 Online:2021-08-28 Published:2021-03-18
  • Contact: Li Weiming, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Tang Xiaokai, Master candidate, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Project, No. 2016M601449 (to LWM)

摘要:

文题释义:
脊柱融合术:是一种将两个或多个椎骨联合起来以达到节段稳定和缓解疼痛的外科手术,主要用于治疗脊柱骨折、峡部裂性滑脱、狭窄、突出、肿瘤和其他退行性疾病。
Nell-1:Nell-1作为一种新型的骨诱导生长因子,最早是在人类颅缝融合症中过度表达而被发现的。做为一种新型生长因子,因其在骨再生过程中具有抗脂肪、抗炎、促血管化的三重特性而被广泛关注,并且已经在细胞实验和动物实验中验证了其具有成骨特性。


背景:在脊柱融合术中进行充分植骨是非常必要的,然而,老龄患者自身成骨细胞数量有限和骨微环境改变以及骨形态发生蛋白2体内应用会引起例如异位骨等不利影响,导致目前的治疗方法会引起骨不连和其他并发症。在此情况下,Nel样分子1型(Nel-like type 1 molecular,Nell-1)进入研究人员的视野,Nell-1不仅在成骨活性上与骨形态发生蛋白2相当,而且具有抗脂肪、抗炎、促血管化的特性,这为Nell-1促进脊柱融合的临床试验批准奠定了基础。
目的:综述Nell-1促进脊柱融合术后骨性融合中的作用及机制。
方法:由第一作者检索百度学术、PubMed、Web of Science、万方及中国知网收录的相关文献,中文检索词为“Nell-1、脊柱融合、骨性融合、前成骨细胞分化、新生血管、祖细胞迁移”,英文检索词为“Nell-1;spinal fusion;bone fusion;pre-osteoblast differentiation; neovascularization;progenitor cell migration”,最后纳入68篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:自体骨移植存在植骨相关并发症以及来源不足等问题,而且以骨形态发生蛋白2为代表的骨移植替代治疗会产生许多非靶点效应,因此两者都不能满足日益增加的脊柱融合术的需求。在此背景下,Nell-1的出现为解决这种困境提供了可能。虽然Nell-1在脊柱融合术后促进骨性融合的作用还处于初级研究阶段,仍然存在缺乏最佳给药途径、分子机制不完全清楚、是否存在与应用相关的不良反应等不足,但其具有促进祖细胞迁移、前成骨细胞分化以及新生血管形成等特点,因此对于促进脊柱融合术后骨性融合具有巨大的潜力。未来的研究应进一步揭示详细的潜在机制、优化剂量和方案、探索与其他成骨生长因子及干细胞的联合应用,将Nell-1促进脊柱融合的潜力转化为临床实践。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8332-4013 (唐小凯) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: Nell-1, 脊柱融合, 骨性融合, 前成骨细胞分化, 新生血管, 祖细胞迁移

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Adequate bone grafting is very necessary during spinal fusion. However, due to the limited number of osteoblasts and the function of the bone microenvironment in elderly patients, as well as the in vivo application of bone morphogenetic protein 2 will cause adverse effects such as ectopic bone. The current method can cause nonunion and other complications. In this case, Nel-like molecule-1 (Nell-1) has entered the field of vision of researchers. Nell-1 is not only equivalent to BMP-2 in osteogenic activity, but also has anti-fat, anti-inflammatory, and pro-vascular properties. These laid the foundation for clinical trial approval of Nell-1 in promoting spinal fusion.
OBJECTIVE: To review the effect and mechanism of Nell-1 on bone fusion after spinal fusion.
METHODS: Relevant documents were retrieved in Baidu Academic, PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang, and CNKI. The Chinese and the English search terms were “Nell-1, spinal fusion, bone fusion, pre-osteoblast differentiation, neovascularization, progenitor cell migration”. Finally, 68 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Autologous bone grafting has complications and supply problems related to bone grafting. Bone graft replacement therapy represented by bone morphogenetic protein 2 will produce many non-target effects. Therefore, neither can meet the increasing demand for spinal fusion. In this context, the emergence of Nell-1 provides the possibility to solve this dilemma. Although the role of Nell-1 in promoting bone fusion after spinal fusion is still in the preliminary stage of research, there are still deficiencies in the lack of an optimal route of administration; the molecular mechanism is not fully understood; and whether there are adverse reactions related to the application. Nevertheless, it has the triple effect of promoting progenitor cell migration, pre-osteoblast differentiation, and vascularization, so it has great potential for promoting bone fusion after spinal fusion. Future research should further reveal the detailed underlying mechanism, optimize the dosage and schedule, explore the combined effect with other osteogenic growth factors and stem cells, and translate the potential of Nell-1 for promoting spinal fusion into clinical practice.

Key words: Nell-1, spinal fusion, bone fusion, pre-osteoblast differentiation, neovascularization, progenitor cell migration

中图分类号: