中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (36): 5747-5752.doi: 10.12307/2024.662

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

腰椎融合后腰椎活动度对植入物生物力学影响的有限元分析

李  珂1,曹  帅2,张琼弛1,贺西京1,李浩鹏1,李  杰1   

  1. 1西安交通大学第二附属医院骨二科,陕西省西安市   710004;2民航总医院骨科,北京市   100123
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-21 接受日期:2023-10-12 出版日期:2024-12-28 发布日期:2024-02-27
  • 通讯作者: 李杰,硕士,西安交通大学第二附属医院骨二科,陕西省西安市 710004
  • 作者简介:李珂,女,1978年生,汉族,陕西省耀县人,1997年原西安医科大学附属卫校毕业,主要从事脊柱外科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82172396),项目负责人:李浩鹏

Finite element analysis of biomechanical effect of lumbar range of motion on the implants after lumbar fusion

Li Ke1, Cao Shuai2, Zhang Qiongchi1, He Xijing1, Li Haopeng1, Li Jie1   

  1. 1Second Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100123, China
  • Received:2023-07-21 Accepted:2023-10-12 Online:2024-12-28 Published:2024-02-27
  • Contact: Li Jie, Master, Second Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
  • About author:Li Ke, Second Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82172396 (to LHP)

摘要:


文题释义:

有限元分析:有限元法是一种近似数值方法,用来解决带有边界条件的偏微分方程问题,其核心思想是“数值近似”和“离散化”。利用有限元分析可以获得植入物的应力应变信息,这对于植入物的设计和优化非常重要。

应力集中:指结构中某一区域局部应力高于周围区域的现象,一般出现在物体形状急剧变化的地方,可能会导致结构的破坏或失效。脊柱融合内固定术中,植入物的失效与应力集中现象密切相关。


背景:目前腰椎椎体间融合被广泛应用于多种腰椎疾患的治疗。然而,如何降低假关节形成、螺钉松动断裂以及cage失效等术后并发症仍然是一个严峻的挑战。

目的:分析腰椎总体活动度对椎间植骨、cage以及钉棒系统应力应变的影响,从而更好地指导患者进行术后腰椎活动以降低假关节形成及器械失效的风险。
方法:利用Mimics、3-Matic、HyperMesh以及Abaqus软件构建完整的人L1-S1有限元模型,并模拟经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术。比较施加弯矩前后椎间植骨平均应变、cage以及钉棒系统的峰值应力,并分析其随腰椎总活动度的变化趋势;绘制相应的应力云图以观察应力分布。

结果与结论:①与单纯施加垂直压缩载荷相比,施加弯矩后椎间植骨平均应变、cage峰值应力以及钉棒系统峰值应力分别增加了2.6%-55.3%,65.6%-166.8%及36.0%-353.4%;②随着总活动度的增加,椎间植骨平均应变在左右旋转工况下呈非线性增加并得到最大值,而cage与钉棒系统的峰值应力在左右侧弯工况下呈线性增加并得到最大值;③椎间植骨与cage的应力分布和工况有关,而钉棒系统应力主要集中于螺钉与骨质结合部及螺钉与棒连接处;④因此术后增加轴向旋转活动可能降低假关节形成的风险,而减少侧弯活动可能降低cage以及钉棒系统失效的风险。

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1125-5652 (李珂) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合, 活动度, 假关节, 器械失效, 有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, lumbar interbody fusion is widely used in the treatment of a variety of lumbar diseases. However, how to reduce postoperative complications such as pseudarthrosis formation, screw loosening and fracture, and cage failure remains a serious challenge.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of total lumbar range of motion on the stress or strain of bone grafts, cage, and screw-rod system, so as to better guide patients to carry out lumbar activities to reduce the risks of pseudarthrosis formation and instrumentation failure. 
METHODS: An intact human L1-S1 finite element model was constructed using Mimics, 3-Matic, HyperMesh, and Abaqus software and the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was simulated. The average strain of the interbody bone grafts and the peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system were compared before and after applying the bending moment, and the changing trend with the total range of motion was analyzed. The stress nephogram was drawn to observe the stress distribution.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with applying the vertical compression load alone, the average strain of the interbody bone grafts, peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system after applying bending moment increased by 2.6%-55.3%, 65.6%-166.8%, and 36.0%-353.4%, respectively. (2) With the increase of total range of motion, the average strain of the interbody bone grafts increased nonlinearly and produced the maximum value under left and right axial rotation, while the peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system increased linearly and produced the maximum value under left and right lateral bending. (3) The stress distribution of the interbody bone grafts and cage was related to the loading condition. The stress of the screw-rod system was mainly concentrated in the interfaces of the screw-bone and screw-rod. (4) Therefore, increasing axial rotation activity after operation may reduce the risk of pseudarthrosis formation, while reducing lateral bending activity may reduce the failure of the cage and screw-rod system.

Key words: transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, range of motion, pseudarthrosis, instrumentation failure, finite element analysis

中图分类号: