中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 706-711.doi: 10.12307/2024.262

• 材料力学及表面改性 material mechanics and surface modification • 上一篇    下一篇

原生喙锁韧带及柔性重建后有限元仿真和实验测试

季贵柱1,2,郑  秋3,汪武祥1,王  冠1,2,李  文1,鲁晓波1,2,段  可1,2,李  忠1,2,杨洪彬1,2,梁  成1,2,4    

  1. 西南医科大学附属医院,1骨科,4临床医学研究中心,四川省泸州市  646000;2西南医科大学四川省骨科置入器械研发及应用技术工程实验室,四川省泸州市  646000;3西南医科大学附属中医院骨伤科,四川省泸州市  646000
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-10 接受日期:2023-04-20 出版日期:2024-02-18 发布日期:2023-08-16
  • 通讯作者: 杨洪彬,主任医师,西南医科大学附属医院骨科,四川省泸州市 646000;西南医科大学四川省骨科置入器械研发及应用技术工程实验室,四川省泸州市 646000 梁成,工程师,西南医科大学附属医院,骨科,临床医学研究中心,四川省泸州市 646000;西南医科大学四川省骨科置入器械研发及应用技术工程实验室,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:季贵柱,男,1997年生,江苏省宿迁市人,汉族,硕士,医师,主要从事运动医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    泸州-西南医科大合作项目(2020LZXNYDF02),项目负责人:王冠;泸县-西南医科大合作项目(2020LXXNYKD-01),项目负责人:鲁晓波

Finite element simulation and experimental test of normal coracoclavicular ligament and flexible reconstruction

Ji Guizhu1, 2, Zheng Qiu3, Wang Wuxiang1, Wang Guan1, 2, Li Wen1, Lu Xiaobo1, 2, Duan Ke1, 2, Li Zhong1, 2, Yang Hongbin1, 2, Liang Cheng1, 2, 4   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, 4Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopedic Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2023-03-10 Accepted:2023-04-20 Online:2024-02-18 Published:2023-08-16
  • Contact: Yang Hongbin, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopedic Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China Liang Cheng, Engineer, Department of Orthopedics, and Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopedic Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Ji Guizhu, Master, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopedic Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Luzhou-Southwest Medical University Cooperation Project, No. 2020LZXNYDF02 (to WG); Luxian-Southwest Medical University Cooperation Project, No. 2020LXXNYKD-01 (to LXB)

摘要:


文题释义:

柔性固定:与刚性固定相对,指使用不能承受剪切、扭转负载的材料对损伤或骨折部位进行固定,如移植肌腱、人工韧带等,主要用于韧带损伤、微动关节修复等,其主要特点是可重现损伤部位解剖结构和部分功能。在肩锁关节中,柔性固定可重现喙锁韧带部分走形、恢复肩锁关节微动。
极限承载:即最大承载,当对象承受逐渐增大的载荷,经过线性变形段并通过屈服点之后到达塑性变形段,承载继续增加,而后对象失效破坏,塑性变形阶段的最大载荷即为极限承载。一般在线性变形阶段撤去负载后对象可恢复原状态,而塑性阶段变形为不可复原的塑性变形。


背景:对于以喙锁韧带断裂造成的肩锁关节脱位,单束和双束重建为常见修复方式,深化研究对比二者修复的应力分布和骨折风险具有重要意义。

目的:研究喙锁韧带的生物力学性能,对比单束和双束重建肩锁关节的固定效果、应力分布和破坏形式。 
方法:①有限元仿真分析:利用Mimics、Wrap和SolidWorks软件分别建立正常喙锁韧带、单束重建和双束重建肩锁关节模型,利用Ansys软件分析锁骨垂向受载时各模型肩胛骨和锁骨的应力和变形情况;②标本实验:取15个完整的人体肩胛骨-锁骨标本,随机分为5组处理,每组3个:A组切断肩锁韧带,保留完整的喙锁韧带;B组切断肩锁和斜方韧带,保留完整的锥状韧带;C组切断肩锁和锥状韧带,保留完整的斜方韧带;D组切断肩锁和喙锁韧带,采用单束重建修复喙锁韧带;E组切断肩锁和喙锁韧带,采用双束重建修复喙锁韧带。利用力学试验机进行力学实验,分析肩胛骨和锁骨的生物力学状态、应力分布和破坏形式。

结果与结论:①有限元仿真分析:正常喙锁韧带附着标本喙突的平均应力最小,其相对于单束和双束重建模型喙突骨折的风险较小;单束和双束重建模型的喙突平均应力相当,二者骨折风险接近;②标本实验:A-E组标本的刚度分别为(26.4±3.5),(19.8±2.8),(21.3±3.2),(57.7±4.1),(46.2±2.8) N/mm,极限载荷分别为(545.5±53.7),(360.1±42.1),(250.9±44.4),(643.5±39.1),(511.9±31.7) N,D、E组标本的整体刚度高于A组(P=0.000 06,0.000 3),D组极限承载高于A组(P < 0.05),E组极限承载和A组无差异(P > 0.05);A-C组为韧带断裂,D、E组为喙突骨折;③结果显示:从生物力学角度分析,对于肩锁关节脱位中的喙锁韧带断裂,单束和双束重建均为有效的治疗技术,但均增加了骨折风险,其中双束重建分散了钢板应力、减小了钢板和骨质的接触力,但稍微降低了极限承载力,应根据临床实际情况选用单束或双束重建。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1226-1820(季贵柱)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 喙锁韧带, 柔性重建, 单束重建, 和双束重建, 有限元分析, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For dislocation of acromioclavicular joint induced by coracoclavicular ligament fracture, single EndoButton Plate reconstruction and double EndoButton Plates reconstruction are common repair methods. Further study on the stress distribution and fracture risk of the two repair methods is of great significance.
OBJECTIVE: To study the biomechanical properties of the coracoclavicular ligament, and compare the fixation effect, stress distribution and failure mode of single and double EndoButton Plates reconstruction.
METHODS: (1) Finite element simulation analysis: Mimics, Wrap and SolidWorks were used to establish normal coracoclavicular ligament, single EndoButton Plate reconstruction and double EndoButton Plates reconstruction. Ansys software was used to analyze the stress and deformation of the scapula and clavicle of each model under vertical load. (2) Sample experiment: Fifteen intact scapular-clavicle specimens were randomly grouped into five groups, with three specimens in each group. In group A, the acromioclavicular ligament was severed and the coracoclavicular ligament remained intact. In group B, acromioclavicular ligaments and trapeoid ligaments were severed, leaving intact conical ligaments. In group C, acromioclavicular ligaments and conical ligaments were cut off, and the intact traprex ligaments were retained. In group D, acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments were severed, and coracoclavicular ligaments were repaired by single EndoButton Plate reconstruction. In group E, acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments were severed, and the coracoclavicular ligaments were repaired by double EndoButton Plates reconstruction. The mechanical experiment was carried out by a mechanical testing machine to analyze the biomechanical status, stress distribution and failure patterns of the scapular-clavicle and clavicle. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Finite element simulation analysis: The average stress of coracoclavicular ligament attached specimens was the lowest, and the risk of coracoclavicular fracture was less than that of single and double EndoButton Plates reconstruction. The mean stress of the coracoid process was similar in single and double EndoButton Plates reconstruction, and the fracture risk was similar. (2) Sample experiment: In groups A, B, C, D and E, the stiffness of specimens was (26.4±3.5), (19.8±2.8), (21.3±3.2), (57.7±4.1), and (46.2±2.8) N/mm, respectively; the ultimate loads were (545.5±53.7), (360.1±42.1), (250.9±44.4), (643.5±39.1), and (511.9±31.7) N, respectively; global stiffness in groups D and E was higher than that in group A (P=0.000 06, 0.000 3); ultimate load in group D was higher than that in group A (P < 0.05); the ultimate load was not significantly different between the group E and group A (P > 0.05). Ligament fracture was observed in groups A, B and C and coracoid process fracture was found in groups D and E. (3) These results suggest that from the biomechanical analysis, Single EndoButton Plate reconstruction and double EndoButton Plates reconstruction are effective treatment techniques for coracoclavicular ligament fracture in acromioclavicular joint dislocation, but increase the risk of fracture. The double EndoButton Plates reconstruction dispersed the stress of the steel plate and reduced the contact force between the steel plate and bone, but slightly reduced the ultimate bearing capacity. Single and double EndoButton Plates reconstruction should be selected according to the actual clinical situation.

Key words: coracoclavicular ligament, flexible reconstruction, single EndoButton Plate reconstruction, double EndoButton Plates reconstruction, finite element analysis, biomechanics

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