中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (31): 5065-5071.doi: 10.12307/2021.152

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

不同细胞来源外泌体保护心脏的特点与效应

蒲  锐，陈子扬，袁凌燕   

  1. 上海师范大学体育学院，上海市  200234
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-13 修回日期:2020-10-14 接受日期:2020-11-19 出版日期:2021-11-08 发布日期:2021-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 袁凌燕，博士，教授，博士研究生导师，上海师范大学体育学院，上海市 200234
  • 作者简介:蒲锐，男，1995年生，四川省巴中市人，汉族，上海师范大学在读硕士，主要从事运动健康促进、运动与慢性病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31371196)，项目负责人：袁凌燕

Characteristics and effects of exosomes from different cell sources in cardioprotection

Pu Rui, Chen Ziyang, Yuan Lingyan   

  1. Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Received:2020-10-13 Revised:2020-10-14 Accepted:2020-11-19 Online:2021-11-08 Published:2021-04-25
  • Contact: Yuan Lingyan, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • About author:Pu Rui, Master candidate, Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31371196 (to YLY)

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摘要：

文题释义：

外泌体：是由多泡小体与细胞质膜融合后释放到细胞外的微小囊泡，其直径为40-200 nm；在电子显微镜下，外泌体为双层脂膜球体，呈特征性的杯状外形或碟状形态，普遍存在于体液以及大多数细胞中。
不同细胞来源外泌体在心脏保护中的作用：外泌体已被证明可作为心血管疾病诊断的潜在生物标记物；不同细胞来源外泌体具有减轻心肌肥厚、抑制心肌细胞凋亡、抑制心肌纤维化、促进血管新生、增强心脏功能等心脏保护作用。
背景：越来越多的研究表明，外泌体已成为各种疾病诊断与治疗的新方向，在心脏保护中发挥重要作用，但其具体机制尚未完全阐明。
目的：总结外泌体在心血管疾病中的诊断作用，并对不同细胞来源外泌体在心脏保护中的研究进行归纳总结，以期为更好地防治心血管疾病提供理论参考。
方法：作者以“exosomes，cardioprotection，cardiomyocytes，endothelial cells，cardiac fibroblasts，cardiac progenitor cells，mesenchymal stem cells”为英文主题词和“外泌体，心脏保护，心肌细胞，内皮细胞，心脏成纤维细胞，心脏祖细胞，间充质干细胞”为中文主题词，检索1981至2020年间各种细胞来源外泌体与心脏保护相关的国内外文献。根据纳入及排除标准最终纳入72篇文献进行汇总与归纳。
结果与结论：①外泌体与心血管疾病的发生发展关系密切，且在多种心血管疾病的筛查、诊断以及预后效果中发挥有益效应，因此外泌体可作为心血管疾病诊断的潜在生物标记物；②心肌细胞、内皮细胞、心脏成纤维细胞、心脏祖细胞和间充质干细胞来源外泌体介导miRNA与相关蛋白在心脏保护中发挥重要作用。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6927-8831(蒲锐)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 外泌体, 心脏保护, 心肌细胞, 内皮细胞, 心脏成纤维细胞, 心脏祖细胞, 间充质干细胞, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: More and more studies have shown that exosomes have become a new direction in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Exosomes play an important role in cardioprotection, but their specific mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the diagnostic role of exosomes in cardiovascular diseases, and summarize the research on cardioprotection of exosomes from different cell sources, in order to provide a theoretical reference for better prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
METHODS: The key words were “exosomes, cardioprotection, cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, cardiac fibroblasts, cardiac progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells” in Chinese and English. The articles on various cell-derived exosomes and cardioprotection published from 1981 to 2020 were searched. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 72 articles were finally included for summary and induction.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Exosomes are closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, and play a beneficial effect in the screening, diagnosis and prognosis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases, so exosomes can be used as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. (2) Cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, cardiac fibroblasts, cardiac progenitor cells, and mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes mediated miRNA and related proteins play an important role in cardioprotection.

Key words: exosomes, cardioprotection, cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, cardiac fibroblasts, cardiac progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells, review

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