中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (25): 4089-4094.doi: 10.12307/2021.025

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

外泌体对运动介导胰岛素抵抗类疾病的调控作用

陈子扬1,蒲  锐1,邓  爽2,袁凌燕1   

  1. 1上海师范大学体育学院,上海市  200234;2上海师范大学天华学院健康学院,上海市  201815
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-05 修回日期:2020-09-08 接受日期:2020-10-24 出版日期:2021-09-08 发布日期:2021-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 袁凌燕,博士,教授,博士研究生导师,上海师范大学体育学院,上海市 200234
  • 作者简介:陈子扬,女,1996年生,河南省安阳市人,汉族,上海师范大学在读硕士,主要从事运动与慢性病研究。 蒲锐,男,1995年生,四川省巴中市人,汉族,上海师范大学在读硕士,主要从事运动与慢性病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31371196)

Regulatory effect of exosomes on exercise-mediated insulin resistance diseases

Chen Ziyang1, Pu Rui1, Deng Shuang2, Yuan Lingyan1   

  1. 1Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China; 2Institute of Healthy, Shanghai Normal University Tianhua College, Shanghai 201815, China
  • Received:2020-09-05 Revised:2020-09-08 Accepted:2020-10-24 Online:2021-09-08 Published:2021-01-20
  • Contact: Yuan Lingyan, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • About author:Chen Ziyang, Master candidate, Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China Pu Rui, Master candidate, Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31371196

摘要:

文题释义:
外泌体:是一类可被大多数细胞分泌的细胞外囊泡,最新国际细胞外囊泡协会(ISEV)将细胞外囊泡的直径定义为40-2 000 nm,外泌体作为最小的细胞外囊泡,其直径为40-200 nm,且含有丰富的蛋白质、脂类以及RNA,是实现细胞间物质及信息传递的重要媒介物。
运动介导外泌体在胰岛素抵抗疾病中的调控作用:运动可促进外泌体释放并调节其内含物的表达,从而改善胰岛素敏感性和代谢紊乱、调节内皮细胞功能、调节体内脂肪代谢和葡萄糖稳态等作用,在肥胖与2型糖尿病的调控中发挥有益效应。

背景:外泌体与胰岛素抵抗疾病的关系密切,在肥胖和2型糖尿病等胰岛素抵抗类疾病中的诊断与治疗中发挥重要作用。此外,运动影响着体液及循环中外泌体的生物发生,并介导其发挥细胞间通讯作用。
目的:总结外泌体与胰岛素抵抗类疾病关系,以及运动介导外泌体在调控胰岛素抵抗相关疾病中的作用及机制。
方法:以“extracellular vesicles,exosomes,insulin resistance,obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus,exercise”和“细胞外囊泡,外泌体,胰岛素抵抗,肥胖,2型糖尿病,运动”为关键词,检索PubMed与中国知网数据库1981 至 2020年间相关文献,根据纳入及排除标准选择64篇文献。
结果与结论:外泌体与胰岛素抵抗疾病的发生发展关系密切,并可作为肥胖和2型糖尿病诊断的生物标记物,通过下调肥胖相关炎症因子表达和改善胰岛素敏感性等有益效用抑制肥胖和2型糖尿病的发展;在有氧运动和抗阻运动介导下,不同细胞来源外泌体通过调节其miRNA和蛋白表达谱参与胰岛素抵抗类疾病的调控。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3301-7143(陈子扬) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 外泌体, 胰岛素抵抗, 肥胖, 2型糖尿病, miRNA, 运动, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Exosomes are closely related to insulin resistance diseases and play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of insulin resistance diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In addition, exercise affects the biogenesis of the body fluid and the circulating exosomes, and mediates the role of intercellular communication.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the relationship between exosomes and insulin resistance diseases, and the role and mechanism of exercise-mediated exosomes in regulating insulin resistance related diseases.
METHODS: The “extracellular vesicle, exosomes, insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, exercise” were used as the key words. The literature related to PubMed and CNKI database from 1981 to 2020 was retrieved and 64 papers were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Exosomes are closely related to the occurrence and development of insulin resistance diseases, and can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of obesity and type 2 diabetes, inhibiting the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes by down-regulating the expression of obesity-related inflammatory factors and improving insulin sensitivity. Mediated by aerobic exercise and resistance exercise, exosomes from different cell sources regulate the regulation of their miRNA and protein expression in patients with extensive insulin resistance.

Key words: exosomes, insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, miRNA, exercise, review

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