中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (33): 5249-5256.doi: 10.12307/2024.658

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics •    下一篇

腰椎全韧带叠加损伤对腰椎生物力学特性的影响

王多多1,吕  杰1,郭潘靖1,丁立军2,曹金凤3,周  楠4,吕  强4   

  1. 上海健康医学院,1康复学院,2医疗器械学院,上海市   201318;3上海大学期刊社,上海市   200444;4上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院推拿科,上海市   200437
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-10 接受日期:2023-10-12 出版日期:2024-11-28 发布日期:2024-01-30
  • 通讯作者: 吕杰,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,上海健康医学院康复学院,上海市 201318
  • 作者简介:王多多,女,1999年生,江苏省宿迁市人,汉族,上海理工大学在读硕士(上海健康医学院联合培养),主要从事生物力学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(82074571),项目负责人:周楠;海派中医流派传承创新团队建设项目(2021LPTD-007)项目参与人:吕杰

Effect of total ligament superimposed injury on biomechanical characteristics of the lumbar spine

Wang Duoduo1, Lyu Jie1, Guo Panjing1, Ding Lijun2, Cao Jinfeng3, Zhou Nan4, Lyu Qiang4   

  1. 1College of Rehabilitation Sciences, 2School of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China; 3Periodicals Agency of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; 4Department of Massage, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
  • Received:2023-08-10 Accepted:2023-10-12 Online:2024-11-28 Published:2024-01-30
  • Contact: Lyu Jie, MD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
  • About author:Wang Duoduo, Master candidate, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 82074571 (to ZN); Shanghai Style Traditional Chinese Medicine School Inheritance and Innovation Team Construction Project, No. 2021LPTD-007 (to LJ)

摘要:


文题释义:

韧带损伤:腰椎韧带是稳定腰椎的重要结构,腰椎的7根韧带有着多种损伤方式。腰椎的退化会导致韧带的功能减弱,更容易损伤,腰椎韧带损伤与腰椎疼痛之间存在着密切的关系。
有限元分析法:是利用计算机进行仿真模拟的一种方法,广泛应用于骨科生物力学研究,是腰椎实验研究的常用工具。


背景:韧带是稳定腰椎的重要结构,随着年龄的增长韧带容易发生退行性变化,目前关于腰椎韧带的研究较少。

目的:探究在一定的韧带损伤顺序下,前屈、后伸、侧弯、扭转4种运动状态时,不同韧带叠加损伤的组合对腰椎生物力学特性的影响。
方法:建立L4-L5节段腰椎有限元模型,施加相应的力矩模拟前屈、后伸、侧弯、扭转4种运动状态,按顺序进行韧带的组合损伤,得到腰椎的活动度及各个韧带的应力。

结果与结论:①每去除一根韧带,剩余韧带应力会增加,4种工况下都是关节囊韧带所受应力最大,尤其是前屈时;随着韧带的去除,腰椎活动度也在不断增加;②前屈时,去除第一根韧带关节囊韧带后,剩余韧带应力变化平均值最大,其次是去除棘上韧带后;去除关节囊韧带后,腰椎活动度变化率最大,去除后纵韧带后,腰椎活动度变化率最小;③后伸时,所有韧带都是在去除关节囊韧带后应力变化率最大,去除关节囊韧带后,腰椎活动度变化率最大,去除后纵韧带后,腰椎活动度变化率最小;④侧弯时,棘间韧带的应力变化率在去除横突韧带后减小,棘上韧带此时增加较多,去除关节囊韧带和去除横突韧带后,活动度变化率有较大的增加;⑤扭转时,去除关节囊韧带后,剩余韧带应力变化率远大于其他韧带损伤组合;也是在去除关节囊韧带后,活动度变化率最大,其余情况活动度变化率不超过8%;⑥一根韧带损伤,其余韧带会进行应力补偿,韧带损伤会影响腰椎的稳定性,侧弯情况下影响最小,腰椎不稳患者要避免前屈和后伸运动,通过前屈和后伸运动更容易检查出韧带的病理状况;⑦关节囊韧带是维持腰椎稳定性的重要结构,棘上韧带在前屈中发挥了较大的作用,要保持腰椎全韧带的完整性。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8538-6283 (王多多)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 有限元分析, 腰椎韧带, 韧带损伤, 关节囊韧带, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Ligaments are an important structure for stabilizing the lumbar spine, and they are prone to degenerative changes with age. Currently, there is limited research on lumbar ligaments.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different combinations of ligament injuries on biomechanical characteristics of lumbar spine under four motion states of forward bending, backward extension, lateral bending, and torsion under a certain sequence of ligament injuries.
METHODS: A finite element model of the L4-L5 segment of the lumbar spine was established, and corresponding moments were applied to simulate four motion states of forward bending, backward extension, lateral bending, and torsion. The combined injuries of the ligaments were performed in order to obtain the motion range of each vertebra and the stress of each ligament.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Every time a ligament was removed, the remaining ligament stress would increase. Under all four working conditions, capsular ligament would experience the highest stress, especially during forward bending. With the removal of ligaments, the range of motion of the vertebrae was also continuously increasing. (2) When flexing forward, after removing the first ligament capsular ligament, the average stress change in the remaining ligament was the highest, followed by the removal of supraspinous ligament. After removing capsular ligament, the change rate of range of motion was the highest, while after removing posterior longitudinal ligament, the change rate of range of motion was the lowest. (3) When extending backward, all ligaments had the highest rate of stress change after removing capsular ligament, the highest rate of range of motion change after removing capsular ligament, and the lowest rate of range of motion change after removing posterior longitudinal ligament. (4) When bending, the stress change rate of interspinous ligament decreased after removing intertransverse ligament, while supraspinous ligament increased more. After removing capsular ligament and interspinous ligament, the range of motion change rate increased significantly. (5) During lateral bending, after removing capsular ligament, the stress change rate of the remaining ligament was much higher than that of other ligament damage combinations, and the  range of motion change rate was the highest after removing capsular ligament. In other cases, the range of motion change rate did not exceed 8%. (6) If the root ligament is damaged, the remaining ligaments will undergo stress compensation. Ligament damage will affect the stability of the lumbar spine, with minimal impact in cases of lateral curvature. Patients with lumbar instability should avoid forward flexion and backward extension movements, which can make it easier to detect the pathological condition of the ligaments. (7) Capsular ligament is an important structure for maintaining lumbar stability, and supraspinous ligament plays a significant role in anterior flexion, maintaining the integrity of the entire lumbar ligament.

Key words: finite element analysis, lumbar ligament, ligament injury, capsular ligament, biomechanics

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