中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (33): 5386-5392.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0674

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

牵张激活离子通道在间充质干细胞机械转导中的作用机制

苏 豪,贾潇凌   

  1. 北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院,生物力学与力生物学教育部重点实验室,北京市 100191
  • 修回日期:2018-06-28 出版日期:2018-11-28 发布日期:2018-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 贾潇凌,博士,副教授,北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院,生物力学与力生物学教育部重点实验室,北京市 100191
  • 作者简介:苏豪,男,1993年生,安徽省全椒县人,汉族,北京航空航天大学大学在读硕士,主要从事骨髓间充质干细胞IKCa通道的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(11372030)

Mechanism of stretch-activated ion channels in mechanotransduction of mesenchymal stem cells

Su Hao, Jia Xiao-ling   

  1. Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • Revised:2018-06-28 Online:2018-11-28 Published:2018-11-28
  • Contact: Jia Xiao-ling, MD, Associate professor, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • About author:Su Hao, Master candidate, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 11372030

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
牵张激活离子通道:
是一类开放概率随着细胞膜张力变化而变化的离子通道,目前分子结构是未知的,候选者包括DEG/ENaC/ASIC通道,TRP通道,弱内向整流性K+通道-K2P通道以及新发现的Piezo通道,牵张激活离子通道可能是解决细胞力反馈机制的重要组成。
力学调控间充质干细胞增殖与分化的机制:多聚焦在信号通路上,然而离子通道通过控制膜电位与细胞内离子浓度也起着重要的作用。虽然牵张激活离子通道已经发现很久了,然而复杂的力学机制让其研究依然受限。

 

摘要
背景:
间充质干细胞因其多向分化潜能以及诸多优点成为组织工程最热门的种子细胞之一,如何诱导其定向分化是一大难题。力学刺激是影响间充质干细胞增殖与分化的重要因素,目前很多研究通过体外加载途径模拟体内不同组织器官的力学环境,得出不同力学环境对间充质干细胞的影响,但是间充质干细胞机械转导的具体途径依然是未知的。牵张激活离子通道是机械转导中的重要组分,已有的研究表明其在间充质干细胞的机械转导过程中起着重要作用。
目的:总结间充质干细胞力学调控的研究,分析归纳牵张离子通道在间充质干细胞机械转导中的作用及可能机制。
方法:检索SCI数据库和PubMed数据库,检索词为“mesenchymal stem cell,stretch-activated channel,mechanical,tension,compression,fluid flow,hydrostatic pressure,piezo,TRP”。检索建库至2018年4月发表的有关间充质干细胞和牵张激活通道相关进展的文章。共检索到相关文献160篇,按照纳入与排除标准,最终纳入70篇文献进行总结。
结果与讨论:间充质干细胞因为具有自我更新能力及多向分化潜能是组织工程重要的种子细胞,探讨影响其增殖与分化的因素及机制一直是研究的热点。在众多影响因素中,力学因素尤为重要,目前作用在间充质干细胞上的力主要分为牵张、压缩、流动剪切力与静水压力4种,这些力学刺激都可以调控间充质干细胞的命运。牵张激活离子通道感受细胞表面受到的力,被激活后介导特定的离子如钙离子进入细胞,同时可以与其他离子通道、细胞骨架、转录因子等共同成分完成机械信号转导,调控间充质干细胞的命运。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-7379-476X(苏豪)

关键词: 牵张激活离子通道, 间充质干细胞, 机械转导, 转录因子, 流体力学, 综述, 国家自然科学基金, 干细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Due to the multi-directional differentiation potential and other advantages, mesenchymal stem cells have become one of the most popular seed cells in tissue engineering. However, one of the major challenges is how to induce the cells into ideal targets. Mechanical stimulation plays a key role in directing the lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells. Plenty of studies exploring the mechanobiology of mesenchymal stem cells have been performed using in vitro loading to simulate the mechanical environment in the body. While progress has been made in understanding how mechanical signals are sensed by mesenchymal stem cells and then transduced to affect their behaviors (such as proliferation and differentiation), but the mechanotransductive mechanisms are still not fully understood. Stretch-activated channel is confirmed to play a significant role in the mechanotransduction of mesenchymal stem cells.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the studies on the mechanical regulation of mesenchymal stem cells, and then to analyze its role and possible mechanism in the mechanotransduction of mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS: We searched related articles in SCI and PubMed databases by “mesenchym al stem cell, stretch-activated channel, mechanical, tension, compression, fluid flow, hydrostatic pressure, piezo, TRP” as key words. Initially 160 articles related to mesenchymal stem cells and stretch-activated channel published from inception to April 2018 were searched, and 70 eligible articles were included in final analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cells are important seed cells for tissue engineering because of their self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. Researching the factors and mechanisms of their proliferation and differentiation gives a better access to clinical application. Mechanical factors play an indispensable role. Stretch, compression, fluid flow and hydrostatic pressure are four main mechanical stimulations related to the fate of mesenchymal stem cells. Stretch-activated channel forms a special group of mechanosensors that can serve as both sensors and effectors as they modify the electrical potential of the cell and mediate a flux of specific ions, such as Ca2+, across the plasma membrane. Then, these second messengers can associate with other ion channels, cytoskeleton, transcription factors to complete mechanotransduction.  


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Key words: Ion Channels, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering

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