中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (13): 2127-2132.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2189

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    

诱导多能干细胞在肿瘤疾病中的应用与前景

倪敬花1,2,3,4,罗  佳1,2,3,4,姜  森1,2,3,4,李  恒5,朱建中1,2,3,4   

  1. 扬州大学,1兽医学院,2比较医学研究中心,江苏省扬州市   225009;3江苏高校动物重要疫病与人兽共患病防控协同创新中心,江苏省扬州市   225009;4农业与农产品安全国际联合研究实验室,江苏省扬州市   225009;5苏州拓维生物技术有限公司,江苏省苏州市   215411
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-11 修回日期:2020-04-23 接受日期:2020-05-27 出版日期:2021-05-08 发布日期:2020-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 朱建中,博士,教授,扬州大学兽医学院,江苏省扬州市 225009;扬州大学比较医学研究中心,江苏省扬州市 225009;江苏高校动物重要疫病与人兽共患病防控协同创新中心,江苏省扬州市 225009;农业与农产品安全国际联合研究实验室,江苏省扬州市 225009
  • 作者简介:倪敬花,女,1994年生,山东省临沂市人,汉族,扬州大学在读硕士,主要从事肿瘤免疫和诱导多能干细胞研究。

Application and prospect of induced pluripotent stem cells in tumor diseases

Ni Jinghua1, 2, 3, 4, Luo Jia1, 2, 3, 4, Jiang Sen1, 2, 3, 4, Li Heng5, Zhu Jianzhong1, 2, 3, 4   

  1. 1College Veterinary Medicine, 2Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; 3Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; 4Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; 5Suzhou Truway Biotech Inc., Suzhou 215411, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-04-11 Revised:2020-04-23 Accepted:2020-05-27 Online:2021-05-08 Published:2020-12-29
  • Contact: Zhu Jianzhong, MD, Professor, College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Ni Jinghua, Master candidate, College Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
诱导多能干细胞:是指通过导入特定的转录因子将终末分化的体细胞重编程为多能性干细胞。分化的细胞在特定条件下被逆转后,恢复到全能性状态,或者形成胚胎干细胞系,或者进一步发育成新个体的过程即为细胞重编程。分化是基因选择性表达的结果,并没有改变遗传物质,而重编程在某种意义上就是分化的一个逆转。与经典的胚胎干细胞技术和体细胞核移植技术不同,诱导多能干细胞技术不使用胚胎细胞或卵细胞,因此没有伦理学问题。此外,利用诱导多能干细胞技术可以用患者自己的体细胞制备专有的干细胞,从而显著降低了免疫排斥反应发生的可能性。
肿瘤:在致瘤因素作用下,局部组织的细胞在基因水平上失去了对其生长的正常调控,导致异常增生而形成的新生物多数表现为肿块。肿瘤分良性和恶性两类,良性肿瘤细胞分化成熟,生长慢,不转移;恶性肿瘤(癌)细胞分化不成熟,生长快,常蔓延到附近组织或造成全身转移。

背景:癌症在世界范围内越来越普遍,影响了世界上1/3的人口,其发病率和死亡率都很高。随着对癌症分子生物学特点的不断认识,新的癌症治疗方案不断出现,其中单克隆抗体靶向药物治疗和免疫治疗给癌症患者带来了新希望。但是由于缺乏良好的模型,阻碍学者们更好地了解肿瘤的生物学特性和发现真正的药物靶点。有效的体外肿瘤模型对于抗癌药物生物筛选具有重要意义。
目的:总结诱导多能干细胞在肿瘤疾病中的应用与前景。
方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science和CNKI数据库等收录的有关诱导多能干细胞的文章,中文检索词为“诱导多能干细胞,肿瘤疾病,基因编辑,再生医学”,英文检索词为“induced pluripotent stem cells,tumor diseases,gene editing,regenerative medicine”,根据纳入与排除标准对所有文章进行初筛后,保留相关性较高的文章进行综述。
结果与结论:诱导多能干细胞具有来源广、可直接从人外周血分离、在体外可诱导分化为肿瘤组织等优点,因此有越来越多将诱导多能干细胞用于疾病建模和药物筛选的尝试和探索。随着基因编辑技术(CRISPER/Cas9)的不断发展,将干细胞进行基因编辑并用于治疗肿瘤性疾病成为可能。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-1993(朱建中)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 诱导多能干细胞, 肿瘤, 药物筛选, 疾病建模, 基因编辑, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cancer is becoming more common worldwide, affecting one third of the world’s population, and its morbidity and mortality are high. With the deep understanding of the cancer molecular biology, new cancer treatment programs continue to appear, and monoclonal antibody targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy have brought new hope to cancer patients. However, the lack of good models has hindered our understanding of tumor biology and the discovery of real drug targets. Effective in vitro tumor models are of great significance for the biological screening of anticancer drugs.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application and prospect of induced pluripotent stem cells in tumor diseases.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI databases were searched for the articles concerning the induced pluripotent stem cells. The keywords were “induced pluripotent stem cells, tumor diseases, gene editing, regenerative medicine” in English and Chinese, respectively. After screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles with high relevance were included for review 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:  Induced pluripotent stem cells have the advantages of wide sources, direct isolation from human peripheral blood, and being induced to differentiate into tumor tissues in vitro. Thus, more and more induced pluripotent stem cells for disease modeling and drug screening are being explored. With the continuous development of gene editing technology (CRISPER/Cas9), gene editing of stem cells has become possible to treat tumor diseases. 


Key words: stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, tumor, drug screening, disease models, gene editing, review

中图分类号: