中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (34): 5057-5063.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.34.007

• 材料生物相容性 material biocompatibility • 上一篇    下一篇

铜/低密度聚乙烯复合材料宫内节育器引起子宫异常出血与铜离子浓度和血管生成的相关性

邓 婷1,李 晴2,陈 丹1,谢 熙1   

  1. 1福建省妇幼保健院(福建省妇儿医院)妇产科,福建省福州市 350001;2福建省立医院妇产科,福建省福州市 350001
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-23 出版日期:2016-08-19 发布日期:2016-08-19
  • 作者简介:邓婷,女,1982年生,福建省福州市人,主治医师,主要从事妇产科方面的研究。

Copper ion concentration and angiogenesis as two correlates to abnomal uterine bleeding caused by copper/low-density polyethylene nanocomposite intrauterine device

Deng Ting1, Li Qing2, Chen Dan1, Xie Xi1   

  1. 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Fujian (Women and Children Hospital of Fujian), Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2016-05-23 Online:2016-08-19 Published:2016-08-19
  • About author:Deng Ting, Attending physician, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Fujian (Women and Children Hospital of Fujian), Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China

摘要:

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文题释义:
含铜宫内节育器
:由于铜的作用显著提高了避孕效果,这主要是因为铜在宫腔内溶蚀而释放出铜离子,而铜离子具有生物毒性,可产生了一些不良反应,可见铜的溶蚀行为直接关系到含铜宫内节育器能否安全、长效使用。
子宫异常出血:原因并非单一因素,主要有机械性压迫、炎症和异物反应、宫内生化环境改变、纤溶系统活性增加、前列腺素失衡等。含铜宫内节育器致出血机制错综复杂,以往研究多认为与解剖、内分泌、免疫因素等相关。近年来研究发现,子宫内膜微血管结构和功能变化与子宫异常出血密切相关,其中血管内皮生长因子为最重要的血管生成因子,有强烈增加血管通透性的作用,可能参与了含铜宫内节育器引起子宫内膜微血管结构和功能改变的过程。


背景:含铜宫内节育器表面的铜丝在宫腔内持续释放铜离子,避孕效果明显,但容易发生节育器异位、子宫异常出血、经期延长、腰腹酸痛等不良反应。
目的:探讨铜/低密度聚乙烯复合材料宫内节育器致子宫异常出血与子宫内膜组织中铜离子浓度及血管内皮生长因子表达的关系。
方法:纳入取铜/低密度聚乙烯复合材料宫内节育器女性患者60例,年龄25-40岁,分为子宫异常出血组(n=32)和无出血组(n=28);另选择未放置宫内节育器且月经周期正常的女性为对照组(n=20)。子宫异常出血组与无出血组在月经干净后4-7 d内取宫内节育器的同时,刮取子宫内膜组织;对照组月经干净后4-7 d内刮取子宫内膜组织。采用原子吸收法测定子宫内膜组织铜离子含量,免疫组织化学染色检测子宫内膜血管内皮生长因子表达,计数微血管密度;火焰原子吸收法测定模拟宫腔液中宫内节育器铜离子溶蚀量。
结果与结论:①铜离子含量:子宫异常出血组高于无出血组(P < 0.05),无出血组高于对照组(P < 0.05);②铜离子溶蚀量:子宫异常出血组高于无出血组(P < 0.05);③组织学观察:与无出血组和对照组相比,子宫异常出血组血管内皮生长因子蛋白表达和微血管密度明显增加(P < 0.05);无出血组与对照组内皮生长因子蛋白表达与微血管密度比较差异无显著性意义;④子宫内膜血管内皮生长因子表达与微血管密度、铜离子含量呈正相关(P < 0.05)。⑤结果表明:铜/低密度聚乙烯复合材料宫内节育器置入后,子宫内膜组织中铜离子浓度过高可能引起血管内皮生长因子高表达,血管内皮生长因子通过多种途径增加子宫内膜微血管密度,促进微血管扩张、充血,导致子宫异常出血。

ORCID: 0000-0002-9765-4224(邓婷)

关键词: 生物材料, 材料相容性, 含铜宫内节育器, 子宫异常出血, 铜离子浓度, 血管内皮生长因子, 微血管密度

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: To achieve excellent contraceptive effects, the copper wire on the copper-containing intrauterine device surface persistently releases copper ions, but ectopic intrauterine device, abnormal uterine bleeding, menostaxis and waist and abdominal pain are usually inevitable.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of abnormal uterine bleeding caused by copper/low-density polyethylene nanocomposite intrauterine device with copper ion concentration and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in endometrial tissues.
METHODS: Totally 60 female patients, aged from 25 to 40 years old, hospitalized for taking intrauterine devices were enrolled, and those patients were divided into abnormal uterine bleeding group (n=32) and non- bleeding group (n=28). In the meanwhile, another 20 women without intrauterine devices and with the normal menstrual cycle were selected as control group. Patients in the abnormal uterine bleeding group and non- bleeding group underwent the removal of intrauterine device and scraping endometrial tissues within 4-7 days after menstruation; patients in the control group underwent scraping endometrial tissues within 4-7 days after menstruation. The copper ion content in endometrial tissues was measured by atomic absorption method; expression of endometrial vascular endothelial growth factor detected by immunohistochemical staining and the microvessel density counted. Additionally, the corrosion ratio of copper ion in the simulated uterine fluid was detected using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The content and corrosion ratio of copper ion in the uterine abnormal bleeding group was significantly higher than those in the non-bleeding group (P < 0.05), and the copper ion content of no bleeding group was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). The amount of copper in the intrauterine device of abnormal uterine bleeding group was higher than that in non-bleeding group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control and non-bleeding groups, the vascular endothelial growth factor expression and microvessel density were significantly increased in the uterine abnormal bleeding group (P < 0.05); and the control group and non-bleeding group had no significant differences in the vascular endothelial growth factor expression and microvessel density. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation of the vascular endothelial growth factor expression with microvessel density and copper ion content. In conclusion, after implantation of copper/low-density polyethylene   nanocomposites intrauterine device, the higher copper ion concentration in endometrial tissues may lead to the over-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor that increases the endometrial microvessel density through a variety of ways, and promote microvessel expansion and congestion, finally resulting in abnormal uterine bleeding.

Key words: Intrauterine Devices, Polyethylene, Uterine Hemorrhage, Tissue Engineering

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