中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 1066-1071.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0118

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

不同固定方式在实验性羊股骨骨折愈合过程的影像及组织学变化

冯立平1,杨卫强1,丁 童1,张付美2,蒋振刚1,王培山3   

  1. 河南省新乡市中心医院,1创伤骨科,2病理科,3麻醉科,河南省新乡市  453000
  • 出版日期:2018-03-08 发布日期:2018-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 冯立平,河南省新乡市中心医院创伤骨科,河南省新乡市 453000
  • 作者简介:冯立平,男,1985年生,河南省人,汉族,2008年湖北省咸宁医学院毕业,主治医师。
  • 基金资助:

    新乡市重点科技攻关计划项目(ZG15034);河南省重点科技攻关计划项目(152102320210)

Imaging and histological changes of the healing process of experimental sheep femoral fracture using different fixation methods  

Feng Li-ping1, Yang Wei-qiang1, Ding Tong1, Zhang Fu-mei2, Jiang Zhen-gang1, Wang Pei-shan3   

  1. 1Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, 2Department of Pathology, 3Department of Anesthesiology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
  • Online:2018-03-08 Published:2018-03-08
  • Contact: Feng Li-ping, Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Feng Li-ping, Attending physician, Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:

     the Key Science and Technology Project of Xinxiang City, No. ZG15034; the Key Science and Technology Project of Henan Province, No. 152102320210

摘要:

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文题释义:
固定治疗原则:为骨折及相关损伤患者设计、提供可使其早日恢复活动及功能的治疗方案:①通过骨折复位及固定重建解剖关系;②按照骨折的个性及损伤的需要使用固定或夹板重建稳定性;③使用细致操作及轻柔复位方法以保护软组织及骨的血供;④早期和安全的活动训练。
生物学固定理念:①远离骨折部位进行复位,以保护骨折局部软组织的附着;②不以牺牲骨折部的血运来强求粉碎骨折块的解剖复位,对必需复位的较大的骨折块,也应尽力保存其供血的软组织蒂部;③使用低弹性模量、生物相容性好的内固定器材;④减少内固定物与所固定骨之间的接触面(皮质外及髓内);⑤尽可能减少手术暴露时间。
 
摘要
背景:普通接骨板内固定后容易出现“应力遮挡”效应,而组合式可变应力接骨板内固定能够减少接骨板的“应力遮挡”效应,促进骨质的正常愈合,降低普通钢板所引起并发症,缩短骨折愈合时间。
目的:观察不同内固定方式对实验性羊股骨骨折愈合过程的影像学及组织学的影响。
方法:选用32只健康成年山羊随机分为实验组和对照组,每组16只,通过股骨截骨方法构建骨折动物模型,实验组和对照组分别采用组合式可变应力接骨板和普通直型钢板进行固定,采用X射线、CT及组织学方法对固定后4,8,12周骨痂进行观察和比较。
结果与结论:①X射线片检查结果显示,两组动物固定后4-12周骨折线从逐渐模糊到完全愈合,且骨折断端间隙明显减小,且取出内固定发现,实验组术中见骨折端周围骨痂量少且坚硬,接骨板本身无骨痂覆盖,对照组接骨板见大量骨痂覆盖,钢板周围骨痂量也较大;②CT检查结果显示,两组动物术后4-12周CT值和骨痂横截面积值逐渐升高,且实验组动物在术后4,8,12周CT值和骨痂横截面积值均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05),且对照组在术后8,12周骨髓腔直径显著高于实验组(P < 0.05),而骨皮质厚度值显著低于实验组(P < 0.05);③组织学检查结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组骨折线愈合,髓腔内纤维骨痂减少,骨痂更稀疏,大部分纤维骨痂被吸收,髓腔再通;④结果说明,组合式可变应力接骨板内固定能够为股骨骨折断端早期愈合提供较稳定的生物力学环境,降低钢板应力遮挡效应,促进骨痂形成,从而有利于骨折愈合。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-0670-1417(冯立平)

关键词: 股骨, 骨折愈合, X射线, 接骨板, CT, 骨小梁, 应力遮挡, 骨痂, 骨密度,

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Ordinary bone plate fixation is prone to have "stress shielding" effect, and combined variable stress plate fixation can reduce the "stress shielding" effect of the plate, and promote the normal bone healing, reduce the complications caused by ordinary steel and shorten the fracture healing time.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of different internal fixation methods on the imaging and histology in the healing process of experimental sheep femoral fracture.
METHODS: Thirty-two healthy adult goats were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 16 cases in each group. The fractured animal model was constructed by femoral osteotomy. The experimental group and the control group were treated with combined variable stress plate and ordinary straight plate respectively for fixation. The X-ray, CT and histological methods were used to observe and compare callus 4, 8 and 12 weeks after fixation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) X-ray examination results showed that the fracture lines of the two groups were gradually from obscured to complete healing at 4 to 12 weeks after fixation, and the gap between the fracture ends was significantly reduced. When internal fixator was taken out, the callus around fracture end was little and hard and the bone plate was without callus coverage in the experimental group. There were a large number of callus covered in bone plate and large bone callus around the plate in the control group. (2) CT examination results showed that CT value and callus cross-sectional area value were gradually increased in two groups at 4 to 12 weeks after treatment. The values in the experimental group at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the diameter of medullary cavity in the control group at 8 and 12 weeks after treatment was significantly higher than that in the experimental group (P < 0.05). The cortical bone thickness was significantly lower in the control group than that in the experimental group (P < 0.05). (3) Histological examination showed that compared with the control group, the fracture line was healed and the intramedullary fibrous callus was reduced and was sparse, and most of callus was absorbed and marrow cavity recanalization appeared in the experimental group. (4) The results show that combined variable stress plate fixation can provide a stable biomechanical environment for early healing of femoral fractures, reduce the stress shielding effect of steel plate and promote the callus formation, thereby helping fracture healing. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Tissue Engineering, Bony Callus, Bone Density

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