中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 890-894.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2393

• 骨科植入物Orthopedic implants • 上一篇    下一篇

组合式可变应力接骨板内固定干预山羊股骨骨折断端的骨组织细胞功能及骨密度变化

杨卫强,丁  童,杨卫可,蒋振刚   

  1. 新乡市中心医院骨科,河南省新乡市   453003
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-21 修回日期:2020-02-28 接受日期:2020-03-30 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2020-12-03
  • 作者简介:杨卫强,男,1981年生,河南省商丘市人,汉族,2009年新乡医学院毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事骨科基础与临床的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省重点科技攻关计划项目(152102320210) ;新乡市重点科技攻关计划项目(ZG15034)

Combined variable stress plate internal fixation affects changes of bone histiocyte function and bone mineral density at the fractured end of goat femur

Yang Weiqiang, Ding Tong, Yang Weike, Jiang Zhengang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-21 Revised:2020-02-28 Accepted:2020-03-30 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2020-12-03
  • About author:Yang Weiqiang, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Key Scientific and Technological Project in Henan Province, No. 152102320210; the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Xinxiang City, No. ZG15034

摘要:

文题释义:
骨折愈合:分为一期愈合和二期愈合。一期愈合是指骨折断端通过哈弗系统重建骨单位的直接愈合,髓腔通畅,无或仅极少内外骨痂形成,骨折线消失;二期愈合是膜内化骨与软骨内化骨两种成骨方式结合,有骨痂形成。
应力遮挡效应:此概念是从材料力学中衍变出来的,即当2个或2个以上具有不同弹性模量的成分组成一个机械系统加载时,就会发生载荷及应力、应变重分配现象。具有较高弹性模量的成分承担较多的载荷,使后者少承担或不承担载荷,应变也相应减少,这就是具有较高弹性模量成分所起的应力、应变遮挡效应。

背景:普通直型接骨板可影响骨折断端生物力学的传导,组合式可变应力接骨板可保留骨折断端持续的生物力学刺激,影响骨组织细胞功能及骨密度改变,促进骨折愈合。
目的:探讨两种不同接骨板内固定对实验性山羊股骨骨折愈合骨组织细胞功能及骨密度的影响。
方法:健康成年山羊30只,普通环境下饲养,制作山羊右下肢股骨骨折动物模型,随机分为组合式可变应力接骨板组(实验组)及普通直型接骨板组(对照组),每组15只。两组于术后4,8,12周测定血清中骨特异性碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素水平及抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶活性,并分批处死山羊,取股骨断端组织行骨密度及组织病理学观察。
结果与结论:①术后4,8周实验组血清中骨特异性碱性磷酸酶增高较对照组快,但到12周明显低于对照组(P < 0.05);②术后4周,实验组血清中骨钙素含量大于对照组,12周小于对照组(P < 0.05);③术后4,8周实验组抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶活性增高较对照组快,但到12周明显低于对照组(P < 0.05);④实验组8,12周骨折断端骨密度明显高于对照组(P < 0.05),实验组和对照组4,8,12周骨密度均逐渐增大(P < 0.05);⑤术后4,8周实验组成骨细胞数明显多于对照组,8周破骨细胞数明显多于对照组,12周成骨细胞及破骨细胞明显少于对照组(P < 0.05);⑥提示组合式可变应力接骨板内固定可使山羊股骨骨折断端产生持续压应力,刺激骨折断端骨组织细胞数量变化,导致相应骨组织细胞功能蛋白分泌,促进骨痂生成,加快骨痂改建,促进骨折愈合。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8906-1103 (杨卫强) 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 骨折, 细胞, 骨折愈合, 内固定, 应力, 接骨板, 骨密度

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The common straight plate can affect the biomechanical conduction of fracture ends, and the combined variable stress plate can retain the continuous biomechanical stimulation of the fracture end, affect the changes of bone tissue cell function and bone mineral density, and promote fracture healing. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of internal fixation with two kinds of plates on bone tissue cell function and bone mineral density in experimental goat femoral fracture healing.
METHODS: Thirty healthy adult goats were raised in normal environment, and used to successfully construct the models of right lower limb femur fracture. The models were randomly divided into the experimental group (given the combined variable stress plate fixation) and the control group (given the common straight steel plate fixation) (n=15 per group). Serum levels of bone specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity were determined at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery in both groups. The goats were sacrificed in batches, and the femoral stump tissue was taken for bone mineral density and histopathological observation.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 4 and 8 weeks, the serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase in the experimental group increased faster than that in the control group, but it was significantly lower than that in the control group at 12 weeks (P < 0.05). (2) At 4 weeks after surgery, the serum osteocalcin of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, but lower than that of the control group at 12 weeks (P < 0.05). (3) At 4 and 8 weeks after operation, the serum tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group, but lower than that of the control group at 12 weeks (P < 0.05). (4) At 8 and 12 weeks after operation, the bone mineral density of the fracture end in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), while the bone mineral density of the experimental group and the control group increased gradually at 4, 8 and 12 weeks (P < 0.05). (5) At 4 and 8 weeks, the number of osteoblasts of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. At 8 weeks, the number of osteoclasts of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. At 12 weeks, the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). (6) Combined variable stress plate fixation can produce continuous compressive stress at the fracture end of goat femur, stimulate the change of the number of bone tissue cells, lead to the secretion of corresponding bone tissue cell functional protein, promote the formation of callus, accelerate the reconstruction of callus, and promote the fracture healing.

Key words: bone, fracture, cell, fracture healing, internal fixation, stress, bone plate, bone density

中图分类号: