中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (20): 5312-5320.doi: 10.12307/2026.669

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

生物支架在炎症驱动颞下颌关节骨及软骨破坏及结构性损伤修复中的作用

何贞贞1，黄汉记2，王嘉伟3，谢庆条1，江献芳1   

  1. 1广西口腔颌面修复与重建研究重点实验室，广西颅颌面畸形临床医学研究中心，广西医科大学口腔医学院、附属口腔医院，广西壮族自治区南宁市  530021；2广西医科大学第一附属医院广西再生医学重点实验室，广西组织器官再生生物医学材料工程中心，再生医学与医用生物资源开发与应用协同创新中心，广西壮族自治区南宁市  530021；3中国科学技术大学生命科学与医学第一附属医院生殖与遗传中心，中国科学技术大学生命科学与医学部，安徽省合肥市  230001
  • 接受日期:2025-05-24 出版日期:2026-07-18 发布日期:2025-12-02
  • 通讯作者: 江献芳，博士，主任医师，硕士生导师，广西口腔颌面修复与重建研究重点实验室，广西颅颌面畸形临床医学研究中心，广西医科大学口腔医学院、附属口腔医院，广西壮族自治区南宁市 530021 谢庆条，博士，副主任医师，硕士生导师，广西口腔颌面修复与重建研究重点实验室，广西颅颌面畸形临床医学研究中心，广西医科大学口腔医学院、附属口腔医院，广西壮族自治区南宁市 530021
  • 作者简介:何贞贞，女，1995年生，瑶族，广西医科大学口腔医学院在读硕士，主要从事生物材料和口腔医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82160188)，项目负责人：江献芳；广西自然科学基金区域高发疾病研究联合专项(2025GXNSFAA069065)，项目负责人：谢庆条；广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2022KY0080)，项目负责人：谢庆条

Role of bioscaffolds in the repair of inflammation-driven bone and cartilage destruction and structural damage in temporomandibular joint

He Zhenzhen1, Huang Hanji2, Wang Jiawei3, Xie Qingtiao1, Jiang Xianfang1   

  1. 1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 3Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-05-24 Online:2026-07-18 Published:2025-12-02
  • Contact: Jiang Xianfang, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China Xie Qingtiao, MD, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:He Zhenzhen, Master candidate, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82160188 (to JXF); Joint Project on Regional High-Incidence Diseases Research of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 2025GXNSFAA069065 (to XQT); Basic Research Capacity Improvement Program for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Guangxi Universities, No. 2022KY0080 (to XQT)

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摘要：

文题释义：
生物支架：是由生物相容性材料构建的三维多孔结构，可模拟天然细胞外基质微环境，通过力学支撑、生物信号递送等功能引导组织再生与功能重建。
颞下颌关节的骨及软骨修复：通过生物材料、细胞疗法或组织工程策略，重建因病变或损伤破坏的关节软骨与软骨下骨结构，以恢复咬合功能与生物力学稳态的干预过程。

背景：颞下颌关节骨关节炎的传统治疗对疾病进展调控能力有限，难以逆转炎症驱动的骨-软骨破坏及结构性损伤。水凝胶生物支架通过多尺度仿生设计实现机械性能与生物活性的精准匹配，可时序调控组织分化，促进界面整合修复，为突破颞下颌关节骨关节炎的治疗瓶颈提供重要依据。
目的：探讨生物支架在颞下颌关节骨及软骨修复中应用的最新动态，并讨论这些支架的应用前景与不足。
方法：检索中国知网、Web of Science和PubMed数据库中截至2025年1月的所有文献，中文检索词为“TMJ，TMD，颞下颌关节，颞下颌关节疾病，水凝胶，支架，骨修复，软骨修复”，英文检索词为“TMJ，TMD，temporomandibular joint，temporomandibular disease，scaffold，hydrogels，bone repair，cartilage repair”，按照纳入及排除标准进行筛选，最终筛选出73篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论：对于颞下颌关节骨关节炎，当前临床应用以天然支架和脱细胞基质支架为主流，但它们的成分复杂性和批次差异性限制了精准调控；合成高分子支架与3D打印支架在尺度结构可控性和个性化上展现出显著优势。通过负载细胞、药物或外泌体，可进一步提升支架的骨诱导及软骨促成能力，不仅突破传统支架的被动支撑局限，更推动其向智能响应型组织再生平台演进。
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9391-1586(何贞贞)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料；口腔生物材料；纳米材料；缓释材料；材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: 水凝胶, 支架, 组织工程, 颞下颌关节, 颞下颌关节紊乱, 软骨修复, 骨修复, 生物材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional therapies for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis exhibit limited capacity in regulating disease progression, struggling to reverse inflammation-driven osteochondral destruction and structural impairments. Through multi-scale biomimetic design, hydrogel bioscaffolds achieve precise matching of mechanical properties and bioactivities, enabling temporal regulation of tissue differentiation and promoting interfacial integration repair. This innovation provides critical insights into overcoming therapeutic bottlenecks in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate recent advancements in applying bioscaffolds for osteochondral repair of the temporomandibular joint, and to evaluate their translational potentials and existing limitations.
METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in the CNKI, Web of Science, and PubMed databases for all relevant Chinese and English literature up to January 2025. The Chinese and the English search terms were “TMJ, TMD, temporomandibular joint, temporomandibular disease, scaffold, hydrogels, bone repair, cartilage repair.” According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 73 articles were finally selected for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, current clinical applications predominantly utilize natural-derived scaffolds and decellularized matrix scaffolds, yet their compositional complexity and batch-to-batch variability limit precise control. Synthetic polymer scaffolds and 3D printed scaffolds exhibit significant advantages in terms of controllable scale structure and personalization. By incorporating cells, drugs, or exosomes, the osteoinduction and cartilage-promoting abilities of scaffolds can be further improved, which not only breaks through the passive support limitations of traditional scaffolds, but also promotes their evolution into intelligent responsive tissue regeneration platforms.


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