中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 1962-1970.doi: 10.12307/2026.029

• 纳米生物材料 nanobiomaterials • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米羟基磷灰石/海藻酸钠/聚己内酯/阿仑膦酸钠支架的制备及表征

周红丽1，2，王晓龙3，郭  蕊3，姚轩轩1，郭  茹1，周熊涛1，何祥一1   

  1. 1兰州大学口腔医学研究所，甘肃省兰州市   730000；2惠州卫生职业技术学院，广东省惠州市   516000；3中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所，甘肃省兰州市   730000
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-09 接受日期:2025-01-24 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2025-07-16
  • 通讯作者: 何祥一，教授，兰州大学口腔医学研究所，甘肃省兰州市 730000
  • 作者简介:周红丽，女，1996年生，甘肃省兰州市人，汉族，硕士，主要从事口腔医学基础及临床医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技项目重点研发计划(21YF5GA100)，项目负责人：何祥一；甘肃省牙颌面重建与生物智能制造重点实验室开放基金项目(20JR10RA653-ZDKF20210103)，项目负责人：王晓龙；兰州大学科研项目(533000-071100191)，项目负责人：何祥一

Fabrication and characterization of nanohydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/polycaprolactone/alendronate scaffold

Zhou Hongli1, 2, Wang Xiaolong3, Guo Rui3, Yao Xuanxuan1, Guo Ru1, Zhou Xiongtao1, He Xiangyi1   

  1. 1Institute of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; 2Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic, Huizhou 516000, Guangdong Province, China; 3Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China 
  • Received:2024-08-09 Accepted:2025-01-24 Online:2026-03-18 Published:2025-07-16
  • Contact: He Xiangyi, Professor, Institute of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
  • About author:Zhou Hongli, MS, Institute of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic, Huizhou 516000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Key Research & Development Plan of Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Project, No. 21YF5GA100 (to HXY); Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Dentomaxillofacial Reconstruction and Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing Open Fund Project, No. 20JR10RA653-ZDKF20210103 (to WXL); Lanzhou University Research Project, No. 533000-071100191 (to HXY)

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摘要：

文题释义：

3D打印：也称为增材制造，借助计算机设计进行个性化支架设计，随后采用逐层堆积的方法来制造复杂结构的技术。
纳米羟基磷灰石：是一种高性能的白色固体粉末材料，粒径达到200 nm，与人体骨组织成分相似，具有良好的生物学性能、机械强度与细胞亲和性，在科研、医疗等多个领域应用广泛。

背景：针对骨组织工程，单一成分的材料无法同时满足理想生物材料的机械强度、亲水性、降解率要求，而结合不同成分组成的复合材料可以将各组分材料性能的优点结合，从而获得综合性能。
目的：制备负载阿仑膦酸钠的纳米羟基磷灰石/海藻酸钠/聚己内酯支架用于临床修复骨组织缺损，评价其体外性能。
方法：采用挤压式3D打印机制备含不同质量分数(50%，60%，70%)纳米羟基磷灰石的纳米羟基磷灰石/海藻酸钠支架，依次命名为nHA50、nHA60、nHA70；采用浸渍法将聚己内酯组装到纳米羟基磷灰石/海藻酸钠支架表面，获得的支架依次命名为nHA50P、nHA60P和nHA70P，表征6组支架的形貌、力学性能与亲水性能，筛选最佳性能的支架用于负载阿仑膦酸钠。采用挤压式3D打印机制备nHA60-阿仑膦酸钠支架，采用浸渍法制备nHA60P-阿仑膦酸钠支架，检测两组支架的体外药物释放。将nHA60、nHA60P、nHA60P-阿仑膦酸钠支架分别与MC3T3-E1细胞共培养，采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖。

结果与结论：①扫描电镜下可见nHA50、nHA60、nHA70支架表面均有颗粒状凸起，内部孔隙规则且相互连通，随着纳米羟基磷灰石含量的增加，支架表面颗粒团聚现象增加；聚己内酯以薄膜样贴附于支架表面。nHA60支架的压缩模量高于nHA50、nHA70支架(P < 0.05)，nHA60P支架的压缩模量高于nHA50P、nHA70P、nHA60支架(P < 0.05)。随着纳米羟基磷灰石含量的增加，nHA50、nHA60、nHA70支架的亲水性依次增强；nHA50P、nHA60P和nHA70P支架的亲水性弱于nHA50支架，但仍符合细胞在支架表面生长的要求。综合以上结果，选择nHA60、nHA60P支架负载阿仑膦酸钠。②与nHA60-阿仑膦酸钠支架相比，nHA60P-阿仑膦酸钠支架的药物释放速率更为缓慢，可更长时间维持有效药物浓度。与nHA60、nHA60P支架相比，nHA60P-阿仑膦酸钠支架可促进MC3T3-E1细胞的增殖。③结果表明，nHA60P-阿仑膦酸钠支架具有优良的力学性能、亲水性、药物缓释作用与生物相容性。

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6298-1996(周红丽) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料；口腔生物材料；纳米材料；缓释材料；材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: 纳米羟基磷灰石">, 海藻酸钠">, 聚己内酯">, 阿仑膦酸钠">, 3D打印">, 支架">, 工程化骨材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For bone tissue engineering, single-component materials cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, and degradation rate of ideal biomaterials. Composite materials composed of different components can combine the advantages of the performance of each component material to obtain comprehensive performance.
OBJECTIVE: To prepare nanohydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/polycaprolactone scaffolds loaded with alendronate for clinical repair of bone tissue defects and evaluate their in vitro performance. 
METHODS: Nanohydroxyapatite/sodium alginate scaffolds containing different mass fractions (50%, 60%, and 70%) of nanohydroxyapatite were prepared by extrusion 3D printer, and they were named nHA50, nHA60, and nHA70 respectively. Polycaprolactone was assembled onto the surface of nanohydroxyapatite/sodium alginate scaffolds by impregnation method, and the obtained scaffolds were named nHA50P, nHA60P, and nHA70P respectively. The morphology, mechanical properties, and hydrophilic properties of the six groups of scaffolds were characterized, and the scaffold with the best performance was screened for loading alendronate. The nHA60-alendronate scaffold was prepared by extrusion 3D printer, and the nHA60P-alendronate scaffold was prepared by immersion method. The in vitro drug release of the two groups of scaffolds was detected. The nHA60, nHA60P, and nHA60P-alendronate scaffolds were co-cultured with MC3T3-E1 cells, and the cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surfaces of nHA50, nHA60, and nHA70 scaffolds had granular protrusions, and the internal pores were regular and interconnected. With the increase of nanohydroxyapatite content, the agglomeration of particles on the surface of the scaffold increased. Polycaprolactone was attached to the surface of the scaffold in the form of a film. The compression modulus of the nHA60 scaffold was higher than that of the nHA50 and nHA70 scaffolds (P < 0.05), and the compression modulus of the nHA60P scaffold was higher than that of the nHA50P, nHA70P, and nHA60 scaffolds (P < 0.05). With the increase of nanohydroxyapatite content, the hydrophilicity of nHA50, nHA60, and nHA70 scaffolds increased in turn; the hydrophilicity of nHA50P, nHA60P, and nHA70P scaffolds was weaker than that of nHA50 scaffolds, but still met the requirements for cell growth on the scaffold surface. Based on the above results, nHA60 and nHA60P scaffolds were selected to load alendronate. (2) Compared with the nHA60-alendronate scaffold, the drug release rate of the nHA60P-sodium alendronate scaffold was slower, and the effective drug concentration could be maintained for a longer time. Compared with the nHA60 and nHA60P scaffolds, the nHA60P-alendronate scaffold could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. (3) The results show that the nHA60P-alendronate scaffold has excellent mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, drug sustained release, and biocompatibility. 

Key words: nanohydroxyapatite">, sodium alginate">, polycaprolactone">, alendronate">, 3D printing">, scaffold">, engineered bone material

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