中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (20): 5257-5269.doi: 10.12307/2026.671

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

多糖基水凝胶的制备、分类及在皮肤损伤修复中的应用

曹雨晴1,2,郭美玲1,刘  峰2,魏俊超1,2,3,4   

  1. 1南昌大学江西医学院,口腔医学院,江西省南昌市  330006;2南昌大学化学化工学院,江西省南昌市  330031;3口腔疾病江西省重点实验室,江西省南昌市  330006;4江西省口腔临床医学研究中心,江西省南昌市  330006
  • 接受日期:2025-06-16 出版日期:2026-07-18 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 魏俊超,教授,博士生导师,南昌大学江西医学院,口腔医学院,江西省南昌市 330006;南昌大学化学化工学院,江西省南昌市 330031;口腔疾病江西省重点实验室,江西省南昌市 330006;江西省口腔临床医学研究中心,江西省南昌市 330006
  • 作者简介:曹雨晴,女,2001年生,江西省上饶市人,汉族,南昌大学在读硕士,主要从事高分子水凝胶及其生物性能研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52163016,52463017),项目负责人:魏俊超;江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养项目(20213BCJL22051),项目负责人:魏俊超;江西省自然科学基金委重点项目(20242BAB26161),项目负责人:魏俊超

Preparation, classification and application of polysaccharide-based hydrogels in skin damage repair

Cao Yuqing1, 2, Guo Meiling1, Liu Feng2, Wei Junchao1, 2, 3, 4     

  1. 1School of Stomatology, College of Jiangxi Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; 2College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China; 3Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; 4Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-06-16 Online:2026-07-18 Published:2025-12-01
  • Contact: Wei Junchao, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, School of Stomatology, College of Jiangxi Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
  • About author:Cao Yuqing, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, College of Jiangxi Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 52163016, 52463017 (to WJC); Jiangxi Provincial Key Discipline Academic and Technical Leader Training Project, No. 20213BCJL22051 (to WJC); Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Key Project), No. 20242BAB26161 (to WJC)

摘要:

文题释义:
多糖:是一类由多个单糖通过糖苷键连接而成的高分子化合物,通常由十几个甚至上千个单糖单元聚合而成,结构和功能具有多样性,广泛存在于植物、动物和微生物中,具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性、亲水性等,在生物医学领域应用广泛。
水凝胶:是一类具有三维网络结构的高分子材料,能够吸收并保持大量的水分,而不溶解于水。

背景:根据伤口微环境开发出多功能生物活性智能敷料用于实时监测创面微环境,是一种加速伤口愈合的重要策略。多糖基水凝胶因独特的优势在伤口敷料领域获得了广泛关注。 
目的:综述多糖基水凝胶的合成方法、功能特性及在皮肤损伤修复中的应用进展。
方法:以“水凝胶,多糖,可逆共价键,伤口敷料,创面修复”为中文检索词,检索万方数据库和中国知网,以“Hydrogels,polysaccharide,reversible covalent bonds,Wound dressings,wound repair”为英文检索词,检索PubMed和Web of Science数据库,根据纳入与排除标准,最终纳入125篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:多糖基水凝胶的交联方式可以分为物理交联、化学交联两种,其中动态的化学键由于能够对某些刺激做出响应,对于开发生物活性智能敷料具有重要意义。多糖富含羧基、羟基、胺基等官能团,可以很容易进行接枝改性,从而满足临床应用的功能需要,例如智能抗菌、消炎、促愈合且无不良反应。随着临床需求的不断多元化和精细化,水凝胶敷料的功能也从先前单一的覆盖保护功能转变为现在的多种功能集合,包括黏附和止血、抗菌、抗炎和抗氧化、物质输送、自我修复、刺激响应和伤口监测等。
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8648-3746(曹雨晴)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 多糖, 水凝胶, 可逆共价键, 组织修复, 智能敷料, 伤口敷料, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of multifunctional bioactive smart dressings based on the wound microenvironment for real-time monitoring of wound microenvironment is an important strategy to accelerate wound healing. Polysaccharide-based hydrogels have gained wide attention in the field of wound dressings due to their unique advantages.
OBJECTIVE: To review the synthesis methods, functional properties and application progress of polysaccharide-based hydrogels in skin injury repair. 
METHODS: Chinese databases, such as WanFang and CNKI, were searched and English databases, including PubMed and Web of Science, were searched using search terms “hydrogels, polysaccharide, reversible covalent bonds, wound dressings, wound repair.” According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 125 articles were finally included for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The crosslinking methods of polysaccharide-based hydrogels can be categorized into physical and chemical crosslinking. Among these, dynamic chemical bonds are particularly significant for the development of bioactive smart dressings, as they can respond to certain stimuli. Polysaccharides are rich in functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amine groups, which can be easily grafted or modified to meet the functional requirements for clinical applications, such as smart antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties, without causing adverse effects. With the continuous diversification and refinement of clinical needs, the functionality of hydrogel dressings has evolved from a simple protective covering to a combination of multiple functions, including adhesion and hemostasis, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, drug delivery, self-repair, stimulus response, and wound monitoring. 

Key words: polysaccharide, hydrogel, reversible covalent bond, tissue repair, smart dressing, wound dressing, review

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