中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 2072-2080.doi: 10.12307/2026.602

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

刺激响应型可注射水凝胶在心肌梗死精准化治疗中的作用与趋势

刘  洋1，刘东辉1，徐  磊1，展  旭1，孙昊博1，康  凯1，2，3   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院，1心血管外科，2国家卫健委细胞移植重点实验室，3肝脾外科教育部重点实验室，黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150000
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-21 接受日期:2025-03-24 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2025-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 康凯，教授，主任医师，哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院，心血管外科，国家卫健委细胞移植重点实验室，肝脾外科教育部重点实验室，黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150000
  • 作者简介:刘洋，男，1992年生，吉林省白城市人，汉族，哈尔滨医科大学在读硕士，医师，主要从事刺激响应型心肌可注射水凝胶构建的相关研究。 刘东辉，男，1992年生，黑龙江省绥化市人，汉族，哈尔滨医科大学在读博士，医师，主要从事主要从事刺激响应型心肌可注射水凝胶构建的相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82472147)，项目负责人：康凯；黑龙江省重点研发项目(2023ZX06C04)，项目负责人：康凯；教育部肝脾外科重点实验室开放基金项目(GPKF202402)，项目负责人：康凯

Role and trend of stimuli-responsive injectable hydrogels in precise myocardial infarction therapy

Liu Yang1, Liu Donghui1, Xu Lei1, Zhan Xu1, Sun Haobo1, Kang Kai1, 2, 3   

  1. 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, 2NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, 3Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2025-01-21 Accepted:2025-03-24 Online:2026-03-18 Published:2025-07-28
  • Contact: Kang Kai, Professor, Chief physician, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Liu Yang, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China Liu Donghui, Doctoral candidate, Physician, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82472147 (to KK); Key Research and Development Program of Heilongjiang Province, No. 2023ZX06C04 (to KK); Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, China, No. GPKF202402 (to KK)

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摘要：

文题释义：
刺激响应型可注射水凝胶：是指由物理或者化学交联合成，同时富含某些化学结构的复合物，可在注射部位原位成型，遇到外界或者体内刺激后实现“智慧型”治疗成分的可控性释放，实现精准靶向的治疗目标。
心肌梗死：是指由于各种原因(如冠脉斑块出血、冠脉痉挛或血栓形成等)导致的心肌冠脉血供中断，心肌缺血部位出现损伤、坏死的病理生理过程，病理过程可分为炎症期、增殖期和重塑期，可伴随心肌细胞坏死或者凋亡，最终导致心力衰竭。

背景：心肌梗死病理变化的个体差异性较大，传统的心肌梗死的治疗目前存在个体化及靶向性不足等局限性。刺激响应型可注射水凝胶在心肌梗死的“精准治疗”应用中展示出了巨大潜力。
目的：介绍多种刺激响应型可注射水凝胶在心肌梗死中的应用进展，重点介绍材料设计及心肌梗死修复效果。
方法：检索中国知网、PubMed数据库中刺激响应型可注射水凝胶在心肌梗死治疗中应用的相关文献，中文检索词为“心肌梗死，可注射水凝胶，刺激响应型可注射水凝胶，纳米技术，组织工程 ”，英文检索词为“Myocardial infarction，injectable hydrogel，stimuli-responsive injectable hydrogel， nanotechnology，tissue engineering”，文献检索时限为各数据库建库至2025年1月，最终选取符合标准的69篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论：①心肌梗死病理变化存在不同或者同一个体在时间和空间维度方面的差异，尤其在心肌梗死的炎症期，梗死区微环境恶化形成的严重炎症级联反应加剧心肌细胞死亡，故构建可依据局部病理变化按需给药的载药系统进行“精准治疗”是必要的。②心肌梗死的治疗包括控制炎症、减少活性氧生成、保护心肌细胞及避免细胞外基质重构等。③刺激响应型可注射水凝胶可以精准感受梗死区微环境以及外界刺激变化，从而导致自身形态发生应变以及治疗因子的释放，具有为病变区域提供物理支撑、实现药物及治疗因子可控靶向性输送和减少流失、提高药物及治疗因子的吸收利用率等优势。因此，具有多种功能的刺激响应型可注射水凝胶在推动心肌梗死的精准化治疗中具有巨大潜力。
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8391-2174(刘洋)；https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7296-2145(刘东辉)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料；口腔生物材料；纳米材料；缓释材料；材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: 刺激响应, 可注射水凝胶, 心肌梗死, 纳米技术, 组织工程, 水凝胶

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathology of myocardial infarction exhibits significant individual variability, and traditional therapies for myocardial infarction are often limited by individualization and the lack of targeted treatment. Stimuli-responsive injectable hydrogels have emerged as a promising solution for “precision therapy” in the context of myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE: To present the advancements of various stimuli-responsive injectable hydrogels in the context of myocardial infarction, with a focus on material design and their effects on myocardial repair. 
METHODS: Relevant literature on the use of stimuli-responsive injectable hydrogels for the treatment of myocardial infarction was retrieved from CNKI and PubMed databases. The search terms used in Chinese and English were “myocardial infarction, injectable hydrogel, stimuli-responsive injectable hydrogel, nanotechnology, tissue engineering.” The literature search covered the period from the inception of each database to January 2025. A total of 69 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The pathological changes in myocardial infarction exhibited significant variability, both between individuals and within the same individual over time and space. This was especially evident during the inflammatory phase, where the microenvironment in the infarcted area deteriorated, triggering a severe inflammatory cascade that exacerbated cardiomyocyte death. Therefore, it was essential to develop drug delivery systems that could be tailored to the localized pathological changes for “precision therapy.” (2) The treatment of myocardial infarction involved controlling inflammation, reducing reactive oxygen species production, and protecting cardiomyocytes, and avoiding extracellular matrix reconstruction. (3) Stimuli-responsive injectable hydrogels had the unique ability to precisely detect changes in the infarcted microenvironment as well as respond to external stimuli. This triggered alterations in their morphology and facilitated the controlled release of therapeutic agents. These hydrogels offered several advantages, including providing physical support to the damaged area, enabling controlled and targeted delivery of medications and therapeutic factors, minimizing their loss, and enhancing their absorption and efficacy. Consequently, multi-functional stimuli-responsive injectable hydrogels hold great promise for advancing precise treatment strategies for myocardial infarction.


Key words: stimuli-responsive, injectable hydrogel, myocardial infarction, nanotechnology, tissue engineering, hydrogel

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