中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (16): 3420-3431.doi: 10.12307/2025.418

• 复合支架材料 composite scaffold materials • 上一篇    下一篇

抗纤维化与促“H”型血管核壳结构生物支架修复临界骨缺损

李永航,李文铭,严才平,王星宽,向  超,张  袁,蒋  科,陈  路   

  1. 川北医学院附属医院骨科,四川省南充市   637000
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-02 接受日期:2024-03-13 出版日期:2025-06-08 发布日期:2024-09-04
  • 通讯作者: 通讯作者:陈路,主任医师,川北医学院附属医院骨科,四川省南充市 637000 共同通讯作者:蒋科,博士,副主任医师,川北医学院附属医院骨科,四川省南充市 637000
  • 作者简介:第一作者:李永航,男,1997年生,江苏省宿迁市人,汉族,硕士在读,医师,主要从事骨缺损再生研究。 共同第一作者:李文铭,男,1996年生,四川省南充市人,汉族,主要从事软骨修复研究
  • 基金资助:
    四川省医学会科研课题项目(2015GK012),项目负责人:陈路;南充市2022年市校合作项目(22SXQT0308),项目负责人:蒋科;南充市2023年市级科技研发计划项目(23JCYJPT0036),项目负责人:王星宽

Critical bone defect repaired with anti-fibrosis and “H”-type core-shell bionic scaffold

Li Yonghang, Li Wenming, Yan Caiping, Wang Xingkuan, Xiang Chao, Zhang Yuan, Jiang Ke, Chen Lu   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2023-12-02 Accepted:2024-03-13 Online:2025-06-08 Published:2024-09-04
  • Contact: Corresponding author: Chen Lu, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China Co-corresponding author: Jiang Ke, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Li Yonghang, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China Li Wenming, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China Li Yonghang and Li Wenming contributed equally to this article.
  • Supported by:
    Scientific Research Task of Sichuan Medical Association, No. 2015GK012 (to CL); Program of Cooperation between the Schools and Nanchong City in 2022, No. 22SXQT0308 (to JK); Nanchong 2023 Municipal Science and Technology Research and Development Plan, No. 23JCYJPT0036 (to WXK) 

摘要:

文题释义:
临界骨缺损:是指依靠自身修复能力无法达到愈合的最小尺寸骨缺损,往往是由创伤、肿瘤或先天性疾病所导致的后遗症。
静电纺丝技术:是一种高效的纳米纤维材料制备方法,其基本原理是利用高电压作用在聚合物溶液中形成纳米纤维,然后通过静电纺丝装置进行纺丝成型。静电纺丝技术具有可靠性高、工艺简单、成本低等诸多优点。

背景:在骨组织愈合过程中,促进新生骨的血管化是加速骨组织修复的常用策略,然而骨缺损修复过程中过快的纤维化进程常常被忽略。
目的:设计并制备一种具有调节新生骨痂内纤维化及血管化进程的核壳结构仿生支架,表征其物理学特征,验证其体内外抗纤维化与促成骨性能。
方法:制备具有调节新生骨痂内纤维化及血管化进程的核壳结构仿生支架,外层壳结构由聚己内酯静电纺丝纳米纤维负载成纤维细胞活化蛋白抑制剂组成,内层核结构由甲基丙烯酸酐明胶水凝胶负载去铁胺组成,表征静电纺丝和水凝胶的物理学特征,利用活死染色与CCK-8实验验证材料的生物相容性。通过成纤维细胞体外实验分析支架壳结构的抗纤维化作用,通过MC3T3-E1细胞体外实验分析支架壳结构中成纤维细胞活化蛋白抑制剂的促成骨作用,通过人脐静脉内皮细胞分析支架核结构中去铁胺的促血管形成作用。通过大鼠临界骨缺损实验评估核壳结构仿生支架的骨修复作用。
结果与结论:①核壳结构仿生支架具有良好的生物相容性,静电纺丝技术制备的聚己内酯电纺纤维具有疏水性,在物理层面上有效阻隔外源性纤维组织长入,电纺纤维膜在2周内可有效释放抗纤维化药物成纤维细胞活化蛋白抑制剂,释放的抗纤维化药物可以抑制骨缺损周围成纤维细胞的生长、黏附,有效降低成纤维相关蛋白的表达,同时可促进MC3T3-E1细胞成骨蛋白的表达,加快其矿化速度;支架核结构中的去铁胺可促进人脐静脉内皮细胞的迁移、成管能力,并促进其强烈表达“H”血管特征性蛋白。②在SD大鼠的股骨制造临界骨缺损模型中,相较于聚己内酯膜,核壳结构仿生支架实现了骨缺损的有效修复。③结果表明,核壳结构仿生支架在预防骨痂过度纤维化的同时促进新生骨痂内“H”血管形成,能有效避免骨不连的发生,加速临界骨缺损修复进程。
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5771-265X (李永航) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 临界骨缺损, 核壳结构仿生支架, 静电纺丝, 聚己内酯, 水凝胶, 抗纤维化, “H”型血管

Abstract: BACKGROUND: During bone tissue healing, promoting the vascularization of new bone is a common strategy to accelerate the repair of bone tissue. However, the rapid fibrosis process during bone defect repair is often ignored.
OBJECTIVE: To design and prepare a core-shell structure bionic scaffold to regulate the process of fibrosis and vascularization in new callus, characterize physical characteristics of the scaffold, and verify the anti-fibrosis and osteogenic properties in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS: A core-shell structure bionic scaffold to regulate the process of fibrosis and vascularization in new callus was designed and prepared. The outer shell structure of the scaffold was composed of polycaprolactone electrospun nanofibers loaded with fibroblast activating protein inhibitor; and the inner core structure was composed of gelatin methacrylate hydrogel loaded with deferoxamine. The physical characteristics of electrospun and hydrogel were characterized, and the biocompatibility of the material was verified by live-dead staining and CCK-8 assay. The antifibrotic effect of core-shell structure was analyzed by fibroblast in vitro assay. The osteogenic effect of fibroblast activating protein inhibitor in core-shell structure was analyzed by MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro assay. The vasogenic effect of deferoxamine in core-shell structure was analyzed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The effect of bionic core-shell scaffold on bone repair was evaluated by critical bone defect test in rats. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The core-shell structure bionic scaffold had good biocompatibility. Hydrophobic polycaprolactone electrospun fibers prepared by electrospinning technology could effectively block the ingrowth of exogenous fibrous tissue on the physical level. The electrospun fiber membrane could effectively release the anti-fibrosis drug fibroblast activating protein inhibitor within 2 weeks, and the released anti-fibrosis drug could inhibit the growth and adhesion of fibroblasts around bone defects, effectively reduced the expression of fibroblast-related proteins, promoted the expression of osteoblast protein in MC3T3-E1 cells, and accelerated its mineralization rate. The deferoxamine in the core-shell structure could promote the migration and vascular formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and promoted their strong expression of “H” vascular characteristic protein. (2) In critical bone defect model of SD rats established in the femur, compared with polycaprolactone membrane, the core-shell structure bionic scaffold could effectively repair bone defects. (3) These findings indicate that the core-shell structure bionic scaffold can prevent excessive fibrosis of callus and promote the formation of “H” vessels in the new callus, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of nonunion and accelerate the repair process of critical bone defect.

Key words: critical bone defect, core-shell structure bionic scaffold, electrospinning, polycaprolactone, hydrogel, anti-fibrosis, “H”-type , blood vessels

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