中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (25): 4079-4086.doi: 10.12307/2024.193

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

间充质干细胞及细胞外囊泡治疗肺纤维化的现状与未来

王艳阳1,2,刘  婵1,2,余丽梅1,2,何志旭1,2,3   

  1. 1遵义医科大学附属医院贵州省细胞工程重点实验室,贵州省遵义市   563000;2遵义医科大学组织损伤修复与再生医学省部共建协同创新中心,贵州省遵义市   563000;3贵州省儿童医院遵义医科大学附属医院小儿内科,贵州省遵义市   563000
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-08 接受日期:2023-08-24 出版日期:2024-09-08 发布日期:2023-11-24
  • 通讯作者: 何志旭,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,遵义医科大学附属医院贵州省细胞工程重点实验室,贵州省遵义市 563000;遵义医科大学组织损伤修复与再生医学省部共建协同创新中心,贵州省遵义市 563000;贵州省儿童医院遵义医科大学附属医院小儿内科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:王艳阳,女,1999年生,河南省焦作市人,汉族,遵义医科大学在读硕士,主要从事干细胞治疗学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2022年国家自然科学基金面上项目(32270848),项目负责人:何志旭;2020年教育部协同创新中心建设项目:组织损伤修复与再生医学省部共建协同创新中心(教科技函[2020]39号),项目负责人:何志旭;2020年贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑【2020】4Y192号),项目负责人:何志旭

Current status and future of treatment of pulmonary fibrosis by mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles

Wang Yanyang1, 2, Liu Chan1, 2, Yu Limei1, 2, He Zhixu1, 2, 3   

  1. 1Key Cell Engineering Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Ministry of Tissue Damage Repair and Regenerative Medicine Jointly Established a Collaborative Innovation Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 3Guizhou Children’s Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2023-07-08 Accepted:2023-08-24 Online:2024-09-08 Published:2023-11-24
  • Contact: He Zhixu, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Key Cell Engineering Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Ministry of Tissue Damage Repair and Regenerative Medicine Jointly Established a Collaborative Innovation Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Guizhou Children’s Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Wang Yanyang, Master candidate, Key Cell Engineering Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Ministry of Tissue Damage Repair and Regenerative Medicine Jointly Established a Collaborative Innovation Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    2022 National Natural Science Foundation (General Program), No. 32270848 (to HZX); 2020 Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center Construction Project: Ministry of Tissue Damage Repair and Regenerative Medicine Jointly Established a Collaborative Innovation Center, No. [2020]39 (to HZX); 2020 Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Support Plan Project, No. [2020]4Y192 (to HZX)

摘要:


文题释义:

间充质干细胞:是一类多能性的成体干细胞,起源于间充质组织,主要存在于骨髓、脂肪组织、脐带以及其他组织中。这些干细胞具有自我更新和多向分化能力,可以分化为多种细胞类型,包括成骨细胞、软骨细胞、脂肪细胞和肌肉细胞等,已广泛应用于组织工程、再生医学和疾病治疗等领域。

细胞外囊泡:是一类由细胞释放到细胞外的小型膜包裹的囊泡,其直径通常在30-1 000 nm之间。细胞外囊泡包含了细胞内部的生物活性分子,如蛋白质、核酸(RNA和DNA)、脂质等。这些囊泡可以通过与周围细胞进行物质交换,传递包含的生物信息,从而调节目标细胞的生物学功能和信号传导。细胞外囊泡在细胞间的通讯和信息传递中起着重要的作用,被认为是一种重要的细胞间通讯介质,对于维持组织稳态和参与疾病发生发展具有重要意义。


背景:尽管在临床上采取了一系列的治疗措施,肺纤维化的治疗仍然面临着挑战。在近年的研究中,间充质干细胞及其细胞外囊泡作为一种新兴的治疗策略引起了广泛关注,被认为可能是治疗肺纤维化的有希望的手段。
目的:综述间充质干细胞及其细胞外囊泡在肺纤维化治疗方面的应用,以期全面了解其治疗机制、疗效评估和面临的问题,为未来进一步研究和临床应用提供参考和指导。
方法:中文检索词为“间充质干细胞”“间充质干细胞细胞外囊泡”“肺纤维化”;英文检索词为“mesenchymal stem cells”
“mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles”“pulmonary fibrosis”,检索中国知网和PubMed电子期刊数据库,通过人工阅读排除重复文献等,最终纳入112篇文献,重点对58篇中英文文献进行归纳总结。

结果与结论:①间充质干细胞及其细胞外囊泡可以通过多种机制抑制纤维化过程,如调节炎症反应、抑制成纤维细胞增殖和促进受损组织修复,临床试验的初步结果也显示出一定的治疗效果,包括改善患者的肺功能和生活质量。②然而,间充质干细胞及其细胞外囊泡治疗肺纤维化仍面临一些挑战。在治疗过程中需要解决细胞迁移和组织内定位等问题,以其能够准确到达受损肺组织。另外,长期安全性问题也有待进一步研究改进。对于其转化医学发展,细胞采集、细胞分离、细胞培养、细胞收获和细胞鉴定等标准化程序还需要被细化。③尽管面临这些挑战,但通过科研工作者和医务人员的共同努力,这些问题有望得到逐步解决。未来,可以通过优化治疗方案和探索个体化治疗进一步提高治疗效果。同时,深入研究间充质干细胞及其细胞外囊泡的治疗机制,有望开发出更为高效和安全的治疗策略。

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3682-3618 (王艳阳);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8263-129X (何志旭) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 肺纤维化, 间充质干细胞, 细胞外囊泡, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite a series of clinical treatment measures, the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis still faces challenges. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles have attracted extensive attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy and are considered to be a promising means of treating pulmonary fibrosis. 
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the application of mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, to comprehensively understand their therapeutic mechanism, efficacy evaluation and problems, and provide reference and guidance for further research and clinical application in the future.
METHODS: Using Chinese and English search terms “mesenchymal stem cells”, “ mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles”, “pulmonary fibrosis”, we searched the CNKI and PubMed electronic journal databases. By means of manual reading and eliminating duplicate articles, 112 articles were selected, but 58 Chinese and English articles were finally included for summary.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles have shown great potential in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, such as regulating inflammatory responses, inhibiting fibroblast proliferation, and promoting damaged tissue repair. Preliminary results from clinical trials have also shown some effects of the treatment, including improved lung function and quality of life in patients. (2) However, mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis still face some challenges. During treatment, technical challenges such as cell migration and intrachistological localization need to be addressed for it to accurately reach the damaged lung tissue. Furthermore, its long-term safety also needs to be further studied and improved. For translational medicine development, standardized procedures such as cell collection, cell isolation, cell culture, cell harvesting, and cell identification need to be refined. (3) Despite these challenges, through the joint efforts of scientific researchers and medical personnel, these problems are expected to be gradually solved. In the future, we can further improve treatment outcomes by optimizing treatment regimens and exploring individualized treatments. At the same time, in-depth research on the therapeutic mechanism of stem cells and their extracellular vesicles is expected to develop more efficient and safe therapeutic strategies. 

Key words: pulmonary fibrosis, mesenchymal stem cell, extracellular vesicle, review

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