中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (25): 4004-4009.doi: 10.12307/2022.406

• 干细胞基础实验 basic experiments of stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞力学调控中肌动蛋白与肌球蛋白Ⅱ的作用

范佳玉,徐丽萌,刘  阳,王  立   

  1. 太原理工大学生物医学工程学院,山西省太原市   030024
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-12 接受日期:2021-04-15 出版日期:2022-09-08 发布日期:2022-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 王立,博士,讲师,太原理工大学生物医学工程学院,山西省太原市 030024
  • 作者简介:范佳玉,女,1995年生,吉林省舒兰市人,满族,太原理工大学在读硕士,主要从事细胞力学方面研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(青年)(12002232),项目负责人:刘阳;国家自然科学基金(青年)(31300771),项目负责人:王立

Roles of F-actin and myosin II in the regulation of cell mechanics

Fan Jiayu, Xu Limeng, Liu Yang, Wang Li   

  1. College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2021-03-12 Accepted:2021-04-15 Online:2022-09-08 Published:2022-01-26
  • Contact: Wang Li, MD, Lecturer, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Fan Jiayu, Master candidate, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Youth Program), No. 12002232 (to LY); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Youth Program), No. 31300771 (to WL)

摘要:

文题释义:
细胞力学:在多种疾病中,细胞会动态调节细胞骨架蛋白等内部结构来改变自身各区域的力学性能,如细胞弹性系数和黏附力等,以适应细胞与微环境的相互作用。同时,肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白在细胞力学调控中起至关重要的作用。细胞力学研究具有很大的潜力,可以为病理学和经典生物学研究提供新视野。
原子力显微镜:自原子力显微镜诞生以来,细胞力学研究取得长足的进步。原子力显微镜是通过针尖与样品之间的相互作用力使悬臂发生变形,并利用悬臂的弹性系数,将悬臂的弯曲转化为力。原子力显微镜可以在生理环境下进行超高分辨率成像以及力学性能测量,是近期研究细胞力学最热门的工具之一。

背景:目前,肌动蛋白与肌球蛋白Ⅱ这两种重要细胞骨架蛋白的作用已被广泛研究,但其在细胞力学调控中的作用还尚不完善。
目的:阐明肌动蛋白与肌球蛋白Ⅱ在细胞力学性能调节中的作用。
方法:用原子力显微镜测量HeLa细胞长、短轴末端区域的表面弹性模量随时间的改变,通过肌动蛋白纤维抑制剂Cytochalasin D、肌球蛋白Ⅱ的ATP酶活性抑制剂blebbsitatin以及肌球蛋白Ⅱ收缩活性增强剂Calysulin A处理HeLa细胞,利用共聚焦显微镜测量HeLa细胞内肌动蛋白纤维、肌球蛋白Ⅱ的聚集区域改变以及Rho A活化特征。
结果与结论:①各处理组HeLa细胞长、短轴末端的表面弹性模量会出现趋势性变化,并且对侧末端模量变化不一致;②肌动蛋白纤维聚合受抑制会降低表面弹性模量,但肌球蛋白Ⅱ收缩活性增强会显著增加表面弹性模量;③HeLa细胞表面弹性模量随肌动蛋白聚集增强,受到Rho A活化的调节,但不随肌球蛋白Ⅱ的聚集改变;④结果表明,HeLa细胞因肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白Ⅱ引起的细胞力学性能改变不仅表现为数值改变,还体现在细胞力学性能的非对称升降,这些改变受到肌动蛋白纤维的分布区域以及肌球蛋白Ⅱ收缩活性的调节。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9793-0225 (范佳玉) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 细胞表面, 弹性模量, 细胞长轴, 肌动蛋白纤维, 肌球蛋白Ⅱ, Rho A蛋白, 细胞力学, 原子力显微镜

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, the roles of actin and myosin II, two important cytoskeletal proteins, have been widely studied, but their roles in the regulation of cell mechanics are still incomplete.  
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the roles of actin and myosin in the regulation of cell mechanical properties.
METHODS:  The surface elastic modulus of the long axis and short axis terminal regions of the HeLa cells over time was measured by atomic force microscopy. The Cytochalasin D (inhibitor of actin polymerization), blebbsitatin (inhibitor of ATPase of myosin II) and Calysulin A (enhancer of the myosin II contractive activity) were used to treat HeLa cells. The F-actin, myosin II and activation characteristics of Rho A in HeLa cells were analyzed by confocal microscope.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the inhibitor treatment group, the surface elastic modulus at the long axis and short axis terminal regions showed a trend changes, and the change of opposite terminal regions modulus was inconsistent. (2) Inhibition of F-actin polymerization decreased the surface elastic modulus, but the enhancement of myosin II contraction activity significantly increased the surface elastic modulus. (3) The surface elastic modulus increased with F-actin aggregation, and regulated by Rho A activation, but it did not change with the aggregation of myosin. (4) The results showed that the changes of mechanical properties of cells caused by actin and myosin II were not only numerical changes, but also asymmetric changes of mechanical properties. These changes were regulated by the distribution of actin fibers and the contractile activity of myosin II.

Key words: cell surface, elastic modulus, cell long axis, F-actin, myosin II, Rho A, cell mechanics, atomic force microscope

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