中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 310-315.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0023

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

高分子材料椎间融合器的应用现况

王  鹏,孙桂森,李红旗,郭隆升,郎明磊,刘文军,范伟强
  

  1. 胜利油田中心医院脊柱外科,山东省东营市  257000
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-02 出版日期:2018-01-18 发布日期:2018-01-18
  • 作者简介:王鹏,男,1989年生,山东省烟台市人,汉族,2014年新疆医科大学毕业,硕士,主要从事脊柱外科研究。

Application of polymer interbody fusion cages

Wang Peng, Sun Gui-sen, Li Hong-qi, Guo Long-sheng, Lang Ming-lei, Liu Wen-jun, Fan Wei-qiang
  

  1. Department of Spinal Surgery, Central Hospital of Shengli Oilfield, Dongying 257000, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2017-08-02 Online:2018-01-18 Published:2018-01-18
  • About author:Wang Peng, Master, Department of Spinal Surgery, Central Hospital of Shengli Oilfield, Dongying 257000, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
理想的融合器材料:物理力学性能好,具有适宜的弹性模量和强度,耐磨性和抗疲劳性能好,能在骨性融合前满足支撑需要;材料纯度高,重金属、杂质及可溶出物含量可控;材料无毒、无致敏和致热原性,有足够的化学惰性以防止支撑效能的迅速丧失;易加工成型,能充分灭菌而不至于影响其机械性能;对于可降解材料,要求能够保持材料强度至骨性融合,降解产物不影响局部组织代谢;对影像学检查干扰较小。
聚醚醚酮:是合成的树脂型工程塑料,具有优良的机械特性和生物相容性,成为目前制造椎间融合器的最常用材料。聚醚醚酮是一种化学结构非常稳定的聚合物,电解质溶液浸泡及常规消毒灭菌条件下不分解。材料无毒性,经FDA认证后允许接触食品或人体组织,制成融合器应用于骨组织后,局部炎症反应轻,对神经组织刺激小。
 
背景:椎间融合是脊柱外科中行之有效的治疗手段,经典的自体/异体植骨融合具有较高的融合率,但同时也存在诸多不足。近年来高分子材料椎间融合器逐渐应用于临床,为脊柱外科医师提供了更多的选择。
目的:以材料学特性为切入点,分别介绍常用可吸收高分子材料与不可吸收高分子材料的优越性和局限性,并进一步展望其应用前景。
方法:应用计算机检索PubMed、Ovid及中国知网等数据库,着重检索现阶段常用医用高分子材料的特性及其在脊柱外科中的应用现状,检索中文关键词为“脊柱外科,融合器,工程塑料,可降解高分子材料”,英文关键词为“spinal surgery,fusion cage,engineering plastic,degradable high polymer material”,根据阅读检索的文献进一步追索各种高分子材料的材料特性及应用现状。
结果与结论:目前,各种高分子材料特别是可降解有机高分子材料尚处于探索和初步研究阶段,部分新材料的动物实验和生物力学实验等临床前研究仍有待于逐步深入。目前除聚醚醚酮材料椎间融合器在临床广泛使用外,一些研究较早、认识较充分的高分子材料在进一步推广应用前仍然缺乏大样本、多中心的临床试验。

关键词: 生物材料, 高分子材料, 椎间融合, 弹性模量, 应力遮挡, 生物相容性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Interbody fusion is an effective approach in the spinal surgery which is traditionally performed via auto/allogenic bone grafting, and it has a number of shortcomings as well as specific therapeutic effects. In the past few years, polymer interbody fusion cages have been gradually applied in clinical practice, which provides more options for spinal surgeons.
OBJECTIVE: To introduce the advantages and disadvantages of degradable/non-degradable polymer materials respectively by analyzing their materialogy characteristics, and to further predict their application prospects.
METHODS: PubMed, Ovid and CNKI were searched by computer to retrieve articles concerning the materialogy characteristics and application situation of common biomedical polymer materials in the spinal surgery. The key words were “spinal surgery, fusion cage, engineering plastic, degradable high polymer material” in Chinese and English, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Up to now, a variety of polymer materials, especially degradable polymer materials, are still at the stage of exploring and primary research, and their in-depth studies, including animal and biomechanics experiments, are still expected to be done gradually. Except for PEEK interbody fusion cages, some polymer materials are still lack of large sample and multi-center clinical trials before further application.

Key words: Biocompatible Materials, Spinal Fusion, Tissue Engineering

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