中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (30): 4799-4804.doi: 10.12307/2021.264

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

足部三维有限元建模及其多姿态生物力学分析

张雷蕾1，2，王盟圣1，徐大伟1，黄  鸿1，杨永泰1   

  1. 1中国科学院福建物质结构研究所，泉州装备制造研究所，福建省泉州市   362200；2中北大学电气与控制工程学院，山西省太原市   030051
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-01 修回日期:2020-12-05 接受日期:2021-01-23 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 杨永泰，博士，高级工程师，中国科学院福建物质结构研究所，泉州装备制造研究所，福建省泉州市 362200
  • 作者简介:张雷蕾，女，1994年生，湖南省常德市人，土家族，中北大学在读硕士，主要从事足部生物力学研究
  • 基金资助:
    泉州市高层次人才创新创业项目(2020C022R)，项目负责人：王盟圣；泉州市科技计划项目(2019STS01)，项目参与人：王盟圣、黄鸿

Three-dimensional finite element modeling of the foot and its multi-posture biomechanical analysis

Zhang Leilei1, 2, Wang Mengsheng1, Xu Dawei1, Huang Hong1, Yang Yongtai1    

  1. 1Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Quanzhou 362200, Fujian Province, China; 2School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-01 Revised:2020-12-05 Accepted:2021-01-23 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-07-29
  • Contact: Yang Yongtai, MD, Senior engineer, Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Quanzhou 362200, Fujian Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Leilei, Master candidate, Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Quanzhou 362200, Fujian Province, China; School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Quanzhou High-level Talents Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project, No. 2020C022R (to WMS); the Science and Technology Plan Project of Quanzhou, No. 2019STS01 (to WMS, HH)

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摘要：

文题释义：
有限元建模：运用数学近似的方法对真实物理系统进行模拟，将分析对象划分为简单而又相互作用的单元，单元之间通过节点连接，并承受一定载荷，对每一单元假定一个合适的近似解，然后推导求解这个域总的满足条件，从而得到问题的解，实现用有限数量的未知量去逼近无限未知量的真实系统。
生物力学：是应用力学原理和方法对生物体中的力学问题进行定量研究的生物物理学分支。其力学基础是能量守恒、动量定律、质量守恒三定律并加上描写物性的本构方程，以生理学、医学有关的力学问题为研究重点。
背景：足部的生物力学特性和损伤机制一直是医生、运动科学研究人员重点关注的问题，而三维有限元分析已成为生物力学行为数值模拟的有效技术手段。
目的：建立有效的足部有限元分析模型，分析足部不同着地姿态的生物力学特性。
方法：采集1例健康成年男性的足部CT图像，用Mimics软件进行阈值分割得到三维点云数据，运用Geomagic软件进行模型的点云处理和优化，得到光滑的足部3D几何模型。再将几何模型导入Hypermesh软件完成有限元前处理工作，最后利用Abaqus软件进行求解计算。将仿真结果与足底压力测试结果进行对比，验证模型的有效性，再根据仿真得到的内部应力分布结果对足部多姿态生物力学特性进行分析。
结果与结论：①提出的网格质量控制办法提高了有限元分析前处理划分的网格质量；在未显著提高计算成本的情况下，很好地解决了有限元分析模型不收敛的问题；②对足部不同姿态进行仿真分析发现：前掌先着地时，足部负荷集中于前掌，导致跖骨应力和足底筋膜受力增加，容易引起跖骨和足底筋膜的损伤；足跟先着地时，足部负荷集中于后跟，跟骨应力增加，加大了足跟痛和膝盖损伤的风险。③因此在运动过程中应避免长时间和高负荷的重复刺激，特别是已有相关疾患的人群更应该避开加重病情的运动方式。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4737-5358 (张雷蕾) 


关键词: 足部模型, 有限元分析, 着地方式, 生物力学, 损伤机制

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The biomechanical properties and injury mechanisms of the foot have always been a major concern for doctors and sports science researchers. Three-dimensional finite element analysis has become an effective technique for numerical simulation of biomechanical behavior.  
OBJECTIVE: To establish an effective finite element analysis model of the foot to analyze the biomechanical properties of the foot in different landing postures.
METHODS:  CT images of one foot of a healthy adult male were acquired. The images were segmented using Mimics to obtain the point cloud. To obtain a smooth 3D geometric model of the foot, Geomagic was used for the processing and optimization of the point cloud. After that, the geometric model was imported into Hypermesh to complete the finite element pre-processing. Finally, Abaqus was used to solving and calculating. The effectiveness of the finite element model was verified through the contrast of the simulation result and the measured plantar pressure. According to the internal stress distribution obtained from the simulation, the biomechanical characteristics of the foot in multiple landing postures were analyzed.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The proposed mesh quality control method improved the quality of the mesh divided by the pre-processing of finite element analysis; it solved the problem of non-convergence of the finite element analysis model without significantly increasing the computational cost. (2) Simulation analysis of different postures of the foot found that: when the landing mode was forefoot strike, the foot load was concentrated on the forehand, leading to increased stress on the metatarsal bone and plantar fascia, which was easy to cause damage to the metatarsal bone and plantar fascia; when the landing mode was heel strike, the foot load was concentrated on the heel, and the stress on the heel bone was increased, which increased the risk of heel pain and knee injury. (3) Therefore, prolonged and repetitive stimulation with high loads should be avoided during exercise, especially for those who already have related diseases and should avoid exercise that aggravates their condition.

Key words: foot model, finite element analysis, landing mode, biomechanics, damage mechanism

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