中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (30): 4805-4811.doi: 10.12307/2021.265

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

全颈椎模型建立及不同牵引方位下的牵引力与牵引角度特征

张新酩1,刘治华1,张新民2,申颜魁2,王春丽3   

  1. 1郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,河南省郑州市   450001;2郑州飞龙医疗设备有限公司,河南省郑州市   450001;3郑州大学管理工程学院,河南省郑州市   450001
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-11 修回日期:2021-01-12 接受日期:2021-02-07 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 刘治华,博士,副教授,郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,河南省郑州市 450001
  • 作者简介:张新酩,男,1995年生,河南省新乡市人,汉族,郑州大学在读硕士,主要从事颈椎牵引设备开发和颈椎模型的研究
  • 基金资助:
    河南省产学研合作项目(142107000011),项目名称:颈椎非手术减压治疗系统,项目负责人:刘治华;郑州大学横向项目(20190356R),项目名称:颈椎多方位角度牵引机器人研究,项目负责人:刘治华

Establishment of a total cervical spine model and characteristics of traction force and traction angles under different traction orientations

Zhang Xinming1, Liu Zhihua1, Zhang Xinmin2, Shen Yankui2, Wang Chunli3   

  1. 1School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China; 2Zhengzhou Feilong Medical Equipment Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China; 3School of Management Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-11 Revised:2021-01-12 Accepted:2021-02-07 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-07-29
  • Contact: Liu Zhihua, MD, Associate professor, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Xinming, Master candidate, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project of Henan Province, No. 142107000011 (to LZH); the Horizontal Project of Zhengzhou University, No. 20190356R (to LZH)

摘要:

文题释义:
全颈椎模型:是指建立在健康成年人的颈椎数据基础上,通过医学图像处理软件建立的人类颈椎部分模型,该模型应包括C1-C7颈椎骨,并可通过有限元软件进行生物力学分析和仿真研究。
牵引方位:对颈椎患者来说,牵引方位可分为中立位、前屈位、后屈位、左屈位、右屈位等不同的牵引力施加方向,不同的牵引方位对患者颈椎骨节段的影响也不同。
背景:作者设计了一种新型的颈椎牵引机器人,在该设备研发过程中存在有牵引力与牵引角度不确定的问题,这些问题是影响患者治疗效果的重要因素。
目的:建立C1-C7颈椎骨的三维有限元模型并验证该模型的有效性,讨论不同牵引力和牵引角度变化对颈椎间盘的影响。
方法:采用1名30岁健康无颈椎病史的成年志愿者的颈椎CT数据,通过Mimics 21.0、3-matic软件生成颈椎间盘及颈椎骨实体CAD模型,并对该模型划分网格。然后导入Abaqus 2016有限元分析软件中添加颈椎韧带并对其进行有效性验证。在生成的颈椎模型上施加相应约束及载荷,模拟人坐位时牵引力及角度发生变化的牵引,分析牵引力和牵引角度对牵引效果的影响。
结果与结论:①对于新型牵引设备来说,在50-150 N的牵引力范围内,牵引力越大牵引效果越好,但牵引力过大会导致患者疼痛大幅增加,可以选择治疗效果较好的130 N作为牵引力;②随着牵引角度从0°增加到20°,前屈位下的椎间盘变形量逐步变小,< 10°的牵引角度比较适合新型牵引设备的前屈位治疗;③后屈和左右屈曲位下的椎间盘变形量随角度增大而逐渐增大,并在16°-17°时到达相对稳定的变形量,故该设备的后屈和左右屈位应选择16°-20°的牵引角度;④成功建立C1-C7颈椎模型并对牵引力和牵引角度进行了有限元分析。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-848X (张新酩) 

关键词: 颈椎, 有限元模型, 牵引力, 牵引角度, 颈椎间盘

Abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper designs a new type of cervical spine traction robot. During the development of the equipment, there are problems of uncertain traction and traction angle. These problems are important factors that affect the treatment effect of patients.  
OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the cervical vertebrae C1-C7 , verify the validity of the model, and discuss the influence of different traction forces and traction angle changes on cervical intervertebral discs.
METHODS:  The cervical spine CT data of a 30-year-old healthy adult volunteer with no history of cervical spondylosis were collected. The intervertebral disc and cervical bone body CAD models were generated by Mimics 21.0 and 3-matic software, and the grids were divided. The data were imported into Abaqus 2016 finite element analysis software to add cervical ligaments and verify their effectiveness. Constraints and loads were applied on the generated cervical spine model to simulate the traction treatment with the change of traction force and angle when the person was sitting, and the influence of traction force and angle on traction effect was analyzed.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) For the new type of traction equipment, in the range of 50 N to 150 N traction, the greater the traction, the better the traction, but too much traction would cause the patient’s pain to increase significantly. 130 N with better therapeutic effect could be chosen as the traction. (2) As the traction angle increased from 0° to 20°, the deformation of the intervertebral disc in the anterior flexion position gradually decreased. The traction angle less than 10° was more suitable for the anteflexion treatment of the new traction equipment. (3) The deformation of the intervertebral disc in the posterior flexion and left-right flexion position gradually increased with the increase of the traction angle, and reached a relatively stable amount of deformation at about 16° to 17°. Therefore, the traction angle of 16° to 20° should be selected for the posterior and left-right flexion of the new equipment. (4) The model of C1-C7 cervical spine was successfully established and the traction force and traction angle were analyzed by finite element method.

Key words: cervical vertebra, finite element model, traction, traction angle, cervical intervertebral disc

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