中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (34): 5530-5536.doi: 10.12307/2021.251

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

眼科领域应用的脱细胞组织材料

刘景晨1,李明军1,孙曙光1,2,李才锐 1,3   

  1. 1大理大学临床医学院,云南省大理市   671000;大理大学第一附属医院,2内分泌科,3眼科,云南省大理市   671000
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-17 修回日期:2020-08-26 接受日期:2020-09-26 出版日期:2021-12-08 发布日期:2021-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 李才锐,教授,主任医师,大理大学临床医学院,云南省大理市 671000;大理大学第一附属医院眼科,云南省大理市 671000
  • 作者简介:刘景晨,男,1987年生,江西省抚州市人,汉族,大理大学临床医学院在读硕士,主治医师,主要从事玻璃体视网膜疾病研究
  • 基金资助:
    云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2020Y0561):三七总皂苷体外抑制视网膜母细胞瘤Y79细胞作用的研究,项目负责人:刘景晨;云南省科技厅地方高校联合专项重点项目(202001BA070001-007):滇产苦胆草多糖抗视网膜母细胞瘤的作用及机制研究,项目负责人:李才锐

Application of acellular tissue in ophthalmology

Liu Jingchen1, Li Mingjun1, Sun Shuguang1, 2, Li Cairui1, 3   

  1. 1Clinical Medical College, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China; 2Department of Endocrinology, 3Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
  • Received:2020-08-17 Revised:2020-08-26 Accepted:2020-09-26 Online:2021-12-08 Published:2021-07-28
  • Contact: Li Cairui, Professor, Chief physician, Clinical Medical College, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
  • About author:Liu Jingchen, Master candidate, Attending physician, Clinical Medical College, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Fund Project of Yunnan Education Department, No. 2020Y0561 (to LJC); the Key Joint Project of Local Colleges and Universities of Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. 202001BA070001-007 (to LCR)

摘要:

文题释义:
脱细胞组织材料:是利用脱细胞技术对不同来源的组织进行处理,获得的由细胞外基质构成的三维结构生物支架材料,具有生物相容性好、排斥反应低等特点,可广泛应用于组织的修复与重建中,尤其对排斥反应高风险的患者,脱细胞植入物是安全而有效的选择。
再生医学:是指利用有效的生物工程学治疗方法对创伤或缺损的组织器官在体内或体外进行再建,使其恢复正常的组织结构与器官功能的医学分支学科。
背景:眼科领域许多疾病因缺乏有效的供体及组织重建的材料,目前的治疗效果并不理想。
目的:通过查阅已发表的文献,对脱细胞材料的来源进行总结,并对在眼科临床和基础研究中使用脱细胞材料的文献进行分析,以促进脱细胞组织材料在眼科的有效应用。
方法:以“脱细胞技术”分别与“角膜、结膜、泪腺、眼睑、泪小管、小梁网、视网膜、巩膜、眼眶”组合检索万方数据库、中国知网数据库,以“acellular,decellularized”分别与“cornea,conjunctiva,lacrymal gland,eyelid,lacrymal drainage,trabecular meshwork,retina,sclera,orbial”组合检索PubMed数据库,检索时间范围设置为2014年1月至2020 年8月,最终纳入文献56篇,其中英文49篇、中文7篇。
结果与结论:①当前眼科使用的脱细胞组织的有多种的来源,大致可以分为人源性、动物源性及体外细胞培养后脱细胞基质3类;②眼科疾病的重建和修复治疗中使用脱细胞组织材料可以取得较好的临床效果,能挽救部分盲人的视力;③通过脱细胞支架联合受体细胞移植获取含有活性细胞的植片,是未来眼科再生医学治疗的一个新方向;④脱细胞材料应用过程中发现一些不足,如适应时间较长、移植片溶解及收缩、细胞化不完全等。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-3632 (刘景晨) 

关键词: 材料, 眼科, 脱细胞技术, 脱细胞组织, 组织重建, 再生医学, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the lack of effective donor and tissue reconstruction materials, many diseases in the ophthalmology field have unsatisfactory therapeutic effects.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the sources of acellular materials by referring to the published literature, and analyze acellular material in clinical and basic research of ophthalmology so as to promote the effective application of acellular tissue materials in ophthalmology.
METHODS: The Wanfang database, CNKI database and PubMed database were searched for relevant literature from January 2014 to August 2020 using the keywords “acellular, decellularization” combined with “cornea, conjunctiva, lacrymal gland, lacrymal drainage, trabecular meshwork, retina, sclera, orbit”, separately. A total of 56 articles were eventually included, of which 49 were in English and 7 in Chinese.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There are multiple sources of decellularized tissues currently used in ophthalmology, which can be broadly categorized into three categories: human, animal and acellular matrix after in vitro cell culture. (2) The use of decellularized tissue materials in the reconstruction and repair of ophthalmic diseases can achieve better clinical results and save the vision of some blind people. (3) The acquisition of implants containing active cells through decellularized scaffolds combined with recipient cell transplantation is a new direction for future ophthalmic regenerative medicine treatment. (4) Some deficiencies were found during the application of the decellularized material, such as longer adaptation time, graft sheet dissolution and shrinkage, and incomplete cellularization.

Key words: material, ophthalmology, acellular technology, acellular tissue, tissue reconstruction, regenerative medicine, review

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