中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (31): 5040-5045.doi: 10.12307/2021.148

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

携带miRNA的间充质干细胞源外泌体在组织修复、治疗相关疾病中的应用与优势

施  沁,孙宝兰,杨晓清,张玉泉   

  1. 南通大学附属医院,江苏省南通市  226001
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-22 修回日期:2020-07-24 接受日期:2020-08-19 出版日期:2021-11-08 发布日期:2021-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 张玉泉,博士,主任医师,教授,南通大学附属医院,江苏省南通市 226001
  • 作者简介:施沁,女,1993年生,江苏省南通市人,汉族,南通大学医学院在读博士,主要从事间充质干细胞及妇产科基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81771527),项目负责人:张玉泉;江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划-科研计划项目(KYCX19_2075),项目负责人:施沁

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes carrying miRNAs in tissue repair and treatment of related diseases: application and advantages

Shi Qin, Sun Baolan, Yang Xiaoqing, Zhang Yuquan    

  1. Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-07-22 Revised:2020-07-24 Accepted:2020-08-19 Online:2021-11-08 Published:2021-04-25
  • Contact: Zhang Yuquan, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Shi Qin, Doctoral candidate, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81771527 (to ZYQ); the Research Project and Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province, No. KYCX19_2075 (to SQ)

摘要:

文题释义

微小RNA芯片(micro RNA microarray):又称micro RNA微阵列,是一块带有micro RNA微阵列涂层的特殊玻璃片,在数平方厘米的面积上安装数千或数万个核酸探针,可以在同一时间定量分析成千上万个micro RNA表达水平,是基因组学和分子生物学研究的有力工具。
鞘磷脂酶抑制剂:又称GW4869,德国哥根廷大学的Mikael Simons教授于2008年首次提出其可以抑制细胞分泌外泌体,随后被广泛运用于外泌体领域研究。
背景:近年来,已有充分证据表明间充质干细胞来源外泌体对组织器官损伤具有修复作用,能够用于多种疾病的治疗。miRNA是间充质干细胞来源外泌体中研究较多的一种成分。通过基因工程等技术对携带miRNA的间充质干细胞来源外泌体进行基因编辑,能够使其成为组织工程领域颇具前景的一种非细胞制剂。
目的:综述携带miRNA的间充质干细胞来源外泌体在组织工程领域的研究进展。
方法:由第一作者检索PubMed、Web of Science数据库和中国知网数据库,英文检索词为“mesenchymal stem cell,exosome,miRNA”,中文检索词为“间充质干细胞,外泌体,微小RNA”。文献检索的时间范围为2000年1月至2020年5月,语言种类为英文和中文,文献类型包括论著和综述,筛选出38篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:在各个系统领域中,间充质干细胞来源外泌体被证明可通过其携带的miRNA发挥促进细胞增殖、抑制细胞凋亡、促进血管生成等生物学作用。目前,国内外对间充质干细胞来源外泌体及其携带的miRNA在心血管系统、消化系统、神经系统、内分泌系统及免疫系统疾病的治疗作用已开展了较多的临床前实验研究,揭示了许多新型miRNA在间充质干细胞修复组织损伤、预防及治疗相关疾病中的调控作用。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5238-8161(施沁)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 间充质干细胞, 外泌体, 微小RNA, 损伤修复, 组织工程, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, increasing evidences indicate that exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) exert a repair effect on tissue and organ damage and can be used for the treatment of various diseases. MicroRNA (miRNA) is one of the most studied components in MSC-Exo. Gene editing of MSC-Exo carrying miRNA through genetic engineering and other technologies can make it a promising acellular preparation in the field of tissue engineering.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of MSC-Exo carrying miRNA in the field of tissue engineering.
METHODS: The PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI databases were used to search by the first author for original and review articles published from January 2000 to May 2020 using the key words of “mesenchymal stem cells; exosome; micro RNA” in English and Chinese respectively. Totally 38 articles were included in analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In various systems, MSC-Exo has been shown to promote cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis and promote angiogenesis through their miRNAs. Many preclinical studies have been carried out on the therapeutic effects of MSC-Exo and its miRNAs in cardiovascular system, digestive system, nervous system, endocrine system and immune system diseases, revealing that miRNAs exist in MSC-Exo, and their regulating role in repairing tissue damage, preventing and treating related diseases.  

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, exosome, microRNA, repair, tissue engineering, review

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