中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (35): 5656-5661.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2924

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

免疫刺激协同液氮冷冻损伤血管构建动脉粥样硬化易损斑块大鼠模型

魏  刚1,高尚远2,张  英3,黄维义1   

  1. 1西南医科大学附属医院心血管内科,四川省泸州市  6460002都江堰市人民医院心血管内科,四川省都江堰市  6118003西南医科大学机能实验室,四川省泸州市  646000

  • 收稿日期:2019-12-30 修回日期:2020-01-07 接受日期:2020-04-15 出版日期:2020-12-18 发布日期:2020-10-17
  • 通讯作者: 黄维义,硕士,教授,西南医科大学附属医院心血管内科,四川省泸州市 646000 魏刚,硕士,医师,西南医科大学附属医院心血管内科,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:魏刚,男,1992年生,四川省资中县人,汉族,2019年西南医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事介入心脏病学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技厅-泸州市科技局-泸州医学院联合基金项目(14JC0051);泸州市科技局基金项目(2013LZLY-J15)

Immunostimulation combined with liquid nitrogen freezing to construct a rat model of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque

Wei Gang1, Gao Shangyuan2, Zhang Ying3, Huang Weiyi1   

  1. 1Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Cardiology, Dujiangyan People’s Hospital, Dujiangyan 611800, Sichuan Province, China; 3Functional Laboratory of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China

  • Received:2019-12-30 Revised:2020-01-07 Accepted:2020-04-15 Online:2020-12-18 Published:2020-10-17
  • Contact: Huang Weiyi, Master, Professor, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China Wei Gang, Master, Physician, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Wei Gang, Master, Physician, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Joint Foundation of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Luzhou Science and Technology Bureau, and Luzhou Medical University, No. 14JC0051; Luzhou Science and Technology Bureau Fund Project, No. 2013LZLY-J15

摘要:

文题释义:

免疫刺激通过免疫刺激剂激活机体的非特异性免疫和/或特异性免疫,增强机体的免疫应答,并可籍此激活嗜中性粒细胞和白细胞的吞噬作用,刺激淋巴细胞的产生或分泌淋巴因子,协调机体的细胞免疫和体液免疫对外界刺激物做出排斥反应等。

易损斑块:动脉粥样硬化斑块进程后期形成的不稳定和有斑块破裂倾向的斑块,主要组织病理学特征包括薄帽纤维斑块和由脂质核心、薄纤维帽、大量巨噬细胞浸润组成的斑块。

背景:易损斑块是致急性心、脑血管缺血事件的病理基础,建立合适的动物易损斑块模型以供研究对心脑血管疾病的防治工作具有重要的指导意义,但目前尚无公认的构建易损斑块模型的方法。

目的:探讨免疫刺激能否协同液氮冷冻损伤血管构建大鼠动脉粥样硬化易损斑块模型,以期能够复制出能广泛应用的动脉粥样硬化模型。

方法雄性SD大鼠40只,经适应性喂养1周后将其随机分为4组,即对照组、高脂组、液氮组、免疫刺激+液氮组。对照组予以常规饲料,其他3组予以高脂饲料喂养,2周后各组大鼠腹腔一次性注射维生素D3注射液;对照组及高脂组大鼠仅做假手术处理,不进行液氮及免疫刺激,术后分别继续予以常规饲料及高脂饲料喂养10周;液氮组及液氮+免疫刺激组施以液氮冷冻损伤术,术后继续予以高脂饲料饲养10周,期间液氮+免疫刺激组大鼠皮下注射牛血清白蛋白(3/周,共计3)及腹腔注射卵清白蛋白(间隔3 d注射,共计5)。造模10周后,取血检测大鼠血脂指标、炎症及氧化应激损伤指标、血红素氧合酶1蛋白表达量;取靶血管段观察粥样斑块的病理变化。实验方案经西南医科大学实验动物伦理委员会批准(批准号为IACUC:20170917006)

结果与结论①与对照组大鼠相比较,高脂组大鼠胆固醇水平、炎症及氧化应激指标、血红素氧合酶1蛋白表达量以及镜下组织病理学检查均无明显变化(P > 0.05);与对照组及高脂组相比较,液氮组、液氮+免疫刺激组大鼠胆固醇水平、炎症及氧化应激指标、血红素氧合酶1蛋白表达量均明显升高(P < 0.05),镜下组织病理学检查也提示有明显斑块,且液氮+免疫刺激组升高趋势更为显著(P < 0.05);与液氮组相比较,液氮+免疫刺激组大鼠血脂、炎症及氧化应激指标、血红素氧合酶1蛋白表达量均明显升高(P < 0.05),镜下组织病理学检查提示粥样斑块较液氮组更为明显;②结果说明,免疫刺激能协同液氮冷冻损伤血管加速大鼠颈总动脉粥样硬化易损斑块模型形成,为动脉粥样硬化性疾病的干预实验奠定基础。

ORCID: 0000-0001-7206-2903(魏刚)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 实验, 模型, 鼠, 免疫, 冷冻, 动脉粥样硬化, 血管构建, 颈总动脉

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Vulnerable plaque is the pathological basis of acute cardiac and cerebrovascular ischemic events. Establishing a suitable animal vulnerable plaque model is of great significance for guiding the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, there is no well-established method for constructing the vulnerable plaque model.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether immunostimulation can cooperate with liquid nitrogen freezing to establish an atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque model in rats, aiming to replicate the widely applicable atherosclerotic model.

METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups after 1 week of adaptive feeding, namely, control group, high-fat group, liquid nitrogen group, immunostimulation + liquid nitrogen group. After 2 weeks of conventional diet and special high-fat diet, respectively, the rats in the control group and the other groups were given a single dose of vitamin D3 injection through the abdominal cavity. Rats in the control and high-fat diet groups were subjected to sham operation with no immunostimulation and liquid nitrogen freezing, and given routine diet and special high-fat diet for 10 weeks respectively. Rats in the liquid nitrogen group and immunostimulation + liquid nitrogen group were given liquid nitrogen freezing, followed by 10 weeks of high-fat diet. During this period, the rats in the immunostimulation + liquid nitrogen group were given subcutaneous injection of bovine serum albumin (3 times per week, for 3 weeks) and intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (3 days interval, 5 times in total). At 10 weeks after modeling, blood samples were taken to detect blood lipid index, inflammation and oxidative stress injury index, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression in rats. The target blood vessel segments of each group were executed for hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the pathological changes of atherosclerotic plaques were observed under light microscopy. The study protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Southwest Medical University, with an approval No. IACUC:20170917006.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, there were no significant changes in cholesterol level, inflammatory and oxidative stress index, HO-1 protein expression and histopathological examination in the high-fat group (P > 0.05). Compared with the control and high-fat groups, the levels of serum lipids, inflammatory and oxidative stress indicators and HO-1 protein expression in the liquid nitrogen and immunostimulation + liquid nitrogen groups were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Histopathological examination also indicated that there were obvious plaques, and the increasing trend in the immunostimulation + liquid nitrogen group was more significant (P < 0.05). Compared with the liquid nitrogen group, the levels of serum lipids, inflammatory and oxidative stress indexes and HO-1 protein expression in the immunostimulation + liquid nitrogen group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and histopathological examination also showed more obvious atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, immunostimulation could accelerate the formation of rat common carotid atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque model in cooperation with liquid nitrogen freezing injury, which lays a foundation for the intervention experiment of atherosclerotic disease.

Key words: experiment, model, rat, immune, freezing, atherosclerosis, vascular construction, common carotid artery

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