中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (12): 1935-1940.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2525

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮椎体后凸成形过程中脊柱植入物的种类及优势

高健安,陈  曦,张隆盛,廖文波   

  1. 遵义医科大学附属医院脊柱外科,贵州省遵义市   563000
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-26 修回日期:2019-09-28 接受日期:2019-10-25 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 廖文波,博士,主任医师,遵义医科大学附属医院脊柱外科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:高健安,男,1994年生,广东省清远市人,汉族,遵义医科大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱康复与组织工程修复的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支持[2019]2812)

Types and advantages of spinal implants in percutaneous kyphoplasty

Gao Jian’an, Chen Xi, Zhang Longsheng, Liao Wenbo   

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2019-09-26 Revised:2019-09-28 Accepted:2019-10-25 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-03-03
  • Contact: Liao Wenbo, MD, Chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Gao Jian’an, Master candidate, Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province, No. [2019]2812

摘要:

文题释义:
经皮椎体后凸成形:经皮穿刺将可膨胀球囊植入塌陷的椎体内部,通过充气使气囊膨胀恢复椎体高度,退出气囊后形成的椎体内空腔可允许在低压下灌入骨水泥,从而达到纠正椎体后凸畸形的术式。主要应用于骨质疏松症或椎体肿瘤引起的椎体压缩性骨折。
脊柱植入物:在经皮椎体后凸成形术中以不同形式撑开或扩张来恢复椎体高度,矫正椎体后凸畸形,重建脊椎的正常序列,恢复脊柱的稳定性的椎体内固定器。

背景:经皮椎体后凸成形在椎体压缩性骨折的微创治疗上取得突破性的意义,但也有不足之处,如骨水泥渗漏、椎体高度恢复有限、邻近椎体再骨折风险增高等。近年来,各种脊柱植入物不断问世,在经皮椎体后凸成形术中应用治疗椎体压缩性骨折取得较好的临床疗效,同时有利于减少传统经皮椎体后凸成形导致的并发症。

目的:叙述各种脊柱植入物的种类和特点,探讨它们在经皮椎体后凸成形过程中的临床应用。

方法:应用计算机检索 CNKI 数据库、PubMed 数据库及Elsevier数据库中收录的相关文献,中文检索词为“经皮椎体后凸成形术,脊柱植入物,椎体支架,椎体压缩性骨折”,英文检索词为“percutaneous kyphoplasty,Spinal implants,vertebral stents,vertebral compression fractures”。查阅 2000年1月至2019年6月收录的相关文章,包括综述、基础研究及临床研究,通过阅读文题和摘要进行初步筛选,排除与文章主题相关度低的文献,根据纳入标准和排除标准,最终纳入62篇文献进行结果分析。

结果与结论:①应用于经皮椎体后凸成形治疗的脊柱植入物包括VBS支架、Jack椎体扩张器、SKY骨扩张器系统、Osseofix系统、SpineJack、KIVA 系统和记忆合金椎体支架;②它们在经典经皮椎体后凸成形的基础上有一定的改良和发展,在取得相同临床疗效的同时尽可能降低诸如骨水泥渗漏、椎体高度再丢失、邻近椎体再骨折风险增高等并发症。

ORCID: 0000-0002-4609-0609(高健安)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 经皮椎体后凸成形, 球囊, 脊柱植入物, 椎体支架, 椎体压缩性骨折, 并发症

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous kyphoplasty is of breakthrough significance in minimally invasive treatment of vertebral compression fractures, but it also has shortcomings, such as bone cement leakage, limited height recovery of the vertebral body, and increased risk of fracture of adjacent vertebral bodies. In recent years, a variety of spinal implants have been developed, and the application of these implants in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures in percutaneous kyphoplasty has achieved good clinical efficacy, and is beneficial to reduce the complications of traditional percutaneous kyphoplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the types and characteristics of various spinal implants and explore their clinical applications in percutaneous kyphoplasty.

METHODS: CNKI, PubMed and Elsevier were retrieved for relevant literature. The key words were “percutaneous kyphoplasty, spinal implants, vertebral stents, vertebral compression fractures”. Relevant articles published from January 2000 to June 2019 were reviewed, including review, basic research and clinical research. Preliminary screening was conducted by reading the article title and abstract, and the literatures with low relevance to the article topic were excluded. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 62 articles were finally included for analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Spinal implants used in percutaneous kyphoplasty include VBS stent, Jack vertebra expander, SKY bone expander system, Osseofix system, SpineJack, KIVA system and memory alloy vertebral stent. (2) They are modified and developed on the basis of classic percutaneous kyphoplasty to achieve the same clinical efficacy while minimizing complications such as cement leakage, loss of vertebral height, and increased risk of adjacent vertebral body fracture. 

Key words: percutaneous kyphoplasty, balloon, spinal implants, vertebral body stents, vertebral compression fracture, complications 

中图分类号: