中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (15): 2453-2460.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3824

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    

氨甲环酸联合利伐沙班在原发性全膝及全髋关节置换中的有效性和安全性:一项Meta分析

高丰禾1,陈桐莹1,林杰彬1,梁祖建1,2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学第三临床医学院,广东省广州市   510405;2广州中医药大学第三附属医院,广东省广州市   510240
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-17 修回日期:2020-06-24 接受日期:2020-07-23 出版日期:2021-05-28 发布日期:2021-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 梁祖建,博士,主任中医师,硕士生导师,广州中医药大学第三临床医学院,广东省广州市 510405;广州中医药大学第三附属医院,广东省广州市 510240
  • 作者简介:高丰禾,女,1993年生,福建省人,汉族,广州中医药大学第三临床医学院在读硕士,主要从事中医药防治骨伤科疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金项目(2018A0303130103),项目负责人:梁祖建

Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid combined with rivaroxaban in primary total knee and hip arthroplasties: a meta-analysis

Gao Fenghe1, Chen Tongying1, Lin Jiebin1, Liang Zujian1, 2     

  1. 1Third School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510240, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-06-17 Revised:2020-06-24 Accepted:2020-07-23 Online:2021-05-28 Published:2021-01-05
  • Contact: Liang Zujian, MD, Chief TCM physician, Master’s supervisor, Third School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510240, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Gao Fenghe, Master candidate, Third School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, No. 2018A0303130103 (to LZJ)

摘要:

文题释义:
氨甲环酸:是一种合成的赖氨酸类似物,能高度亲和纤维酶原上的赖氨酸位点,阻断纤溶酶原上的赖氨酸结合位点分子,抑制纤溶酶原向纤溶酶的活化,从而达到止血作用。
利伐沙班:是一种高选择性、直接抑制Xa因子的口服抗凝药,可逆地抑制凝血酶原向凝血酶转化所需的Xa因子的酶活性,用于预防血栓栓塞性疾病。

目的:氨甲环酸可有效减少全膝或全髋关节置换中出血,但可能增加静脉血栓栓塞的风险;而利伐沙班可有效预防静脉血栓栓塞,但与出血并发症相关。这项Meta分析旨在研究在全膝或全髋关节置换中氨甲环酸和利伐沙班同时使用时的安全性及有效性。
方法:检索时限为各数据库建库时间至2020年5月,以“tranexamic acid,rivaroxaban,total hip arthroplasty,total hip replacement,total knee arthroplasty,total knee replacement”为英文检索词;中文检索词为“氨甲环酸、利伐沙班、全膝关节置换、全髋关节置换”,全面检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库中在全膝或全髋关节置换中同时使用氨甲环酸和利伐沙班的临床试验。使用RevMan 5.3软件对纳入研究进行Meta分析。主要结局指标为总出血量、血红蛋白减少量和输血率;次要结局指标为伤口并发症发生率、深静脉血栓形成发生率。
结果:共纳入9项研究,共1 795例患者。Meta分析结果表明:①氨甲环酸联合利伐沙班使用组与仅使用利伐沙班组相比在总失血量(MD= -216.66,95%CI:-262.23至-171.08,P < 0.005)、血红蛋白减少量(MD=-0.53,95%CI:-0.73至-0.34,P < 0.005)、输血率(RR=0.28,95%CI:0.18-0.42,P < 0.05)和伤口并发症发生率(RR=0.52,95%CI:0.40-0.69,P < 0.05)方面显著降低;②在深静脉血栓发生率方面两组间差异无显著性意义(RR=0.88,95%CI:0.46-1.67,P=0.69)。
结论:氨甲环酸联合利伐沙班应用在全膝及全髋关节置换中的可减少总失血量、血红蛋白下降量,降低输血率及伤口并发症发生率,同时并不增加深静脉血栓发生率。但由于纳入文献量较少且质量有限,尚需更多设计科学的、大样本、多中心的临床随机对照试验来进行进一步验证。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-4875 (高丰禾) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 膝, 髋, 氨甲环酸, 利伐沙班, 关节置换, 失血量, 并发症, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tranexamic acid can effectively reduce bleeding during total knee arthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty. However, it may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism. Rivaroxaban can effectively prevent the incidence of venous thromboembolism, but it is associated with bleeding complications. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid combined with rivaroxaban when used in total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty. 
METHODS: The “tranexamic acid, rivaroxaban, total hip arthroplasty, total hip replacement, total knee arthroplasty, total knee replacement” were used as the search term for English; and “tranexamic acid, rivaroxaban, total knee replacement, total hip replacement” as the search term for Chinese. Clinical trials concerning tranexamic acid and rivaroxaban in total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty were collected from CNKI, Wanfang Data, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases from inception to May 2020. The quality of included studies was evaluated by RevMan 5.3 software for meta-analysis. The primary outcome measures were total blood loss, hemoglobin reduction, and blood transfusion rate; the secondary outcome measures were the incidence of wound complications and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis.
RESULTS: Nine randomized controlled trials involving 1 795 cases were included. The results of this meta-analysis showed that (1) compared with rivaroxaban group, total blood loss (MD=-216.66, 95%CI:-262.23 to -171.08, P < 0.005), hemoglobin reduction (MD=-0.53, 95%CI:-0.73 to -0.34, P < 0.005), blood transfusion rate (RR=0.28, 95%CI:0.18-0.42, P < 0.05), and the incidence of wound complications (RR=0.52, 95%CI:0.40-0.69, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the tranexamic acid + rivaroxaban group. (2) There was no significant difference between two groups in the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (RR=-0.88, 95%CI:(0.46-1.67), P=0.69). 
CONCLUSION: The application of tranexamic acid combined with rivaroxaban in the total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty can effectively reduce total blood loss, hemoglobin reduction, blood transfusion rate, and the incidence of wound complications, but do not increase the incidence of deep venous thrombosis. However, the number and quality of included studies were limited. Therefore, more scientifically designed, large sample, multi-center clinical randomized controlled trials are needed for further verification.  

Key words: knee, hip, tranexamic acid, rivaroxaban, joint arthroplasty, blood loss, complications, meta-analysis

中图分类号: