中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (7): 1056-1063.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2172

• 干细胞基础实验 basic experiments of stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

高效靶向激活肝细胞内源基因直接重编程为胰岛样细胞

王晗月1,2,李富荣2,杨晓菲1,2,胡巢凤1   

  1. 1暨南大学基础医学院病理生理学系,广东省广州市   510632;2暨南大学第二临床医学院(深圳市人民医院)转化医学协同创新中心,广东省深圳市   518020
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-19 修回日期:2020-01-20 接受日期:2020-03-13 出版日期:2021-03-08 发布日期:2020-12-08
  • 通讯作者: 胡巢凤,博士,教授,暨南大学基础医学院病理生理学系,广东省广州市 510632 杨晓菲,博士,助理研究员,暨南大学基础医学院病理生理学系,广东省广州市 510632;暨南大学第二临床医学院(深圳市人民医院)转化医学协同创新中心,广东省深圳市 518020
  • 作者简介:王晗月,女,1992年生,湖北省黄冈市人,汉族,暨南大学2017级在读硕士,主要从事基因编辑及胰岛分化方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学青年基金(81800685);国家自然科学基金(81670702);广东省自然科学基金项目(2018A030310039);深圳市科创委基础研究自由探索项目(JCYJ20170307100154602)

Direct reprogramming hepatocytes into islet-like cells by efficiently targeting and activating the endogenous genes

Wang Hanyue1, 2, Li Furong2, Yang Xiaofei1, 2, Hu Chaofeng1   

  1. 1Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China; 2Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People’s Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-01-19 Revised:2020-01-20 Accepted:2020-03-13 Online:2021-03-08 Published:2020-12-08
  • Contact: Hu Chaofeng, MD, Professor, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China Yang Xiaofei, MD, Assistant researcher, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China; Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People’s Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Wang Hanyue, Mater candidate, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China; Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People’s Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation for the Youth of China, No. 81800685; the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81670702; the National Natural Science Foundation for the Youth of Guangdong Province, No. 2018A030310039; the Free Exploration Project of Basic Research of Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen, No. JCYJ20170307100154602

摘要:

文题释义:
Casilio系统:由成簇规律间隔短回文重复(clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats,CRISPR)/核酸内切酶失活的Cas9(nuclease-dead mutants of Cas9,dCas9)、至少一个单链向导RNA (single guide,sgRNA)和Casilio模块(效应蛋白与PUF蛋白(Pumilio/FBF)的融合蛋白)组成,是利用保守的PUF RNA结合域识别并结合特异性RNA序列(PBS)的特性,通过设计带有不同PBS的sgRNA,结合不同的PUF来招募效应蛋白从而可以在不同的位点实现多基因的同时调控,可以招募多个同种效应蛋白,使其效应增强,也可以招募不同的效应蛋白,协同调控基因表达。
转录因子Pdx1/Ngn3/MafA(PNM):转录因子(Transcription Factor,TF)是一群能与基因5’ 端上游特定序列专一性结合,从而保证目的基因以特定的强度在特定的时间与空间表达的蛋白质分子。胰十二指肠同源盒(Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox,Pdx1)、神经元素3(Neurogenin 3,Ngn3)、肌腱膜纤维肉瘤癌基因同系物A(V-Maf Avian Musculoaponeurotic Fibrosarcoma Oncogene Homolog A,MafA)等胰腺发育关键转录因子常被作为肝细胞直接重编程为胰腺β细胞的目标基因。

背景:胰岛细胞移植是治疗糖尿病最有效的方法之一,然而移植细胞来源短缺限制了其临床应用。在体外进行肝细胞向胰岛β细胞的直接重编程是解决该问题的一个新思路,但肝细胞向胰岛β细胞分化是一个复杂的过程。
目的:利用构建的CRISPR/dCas9-Pumilio系统(Casilio系统),通过改造向导RNA序列,与转录激活子PUFa-P65-HSF1结合,实现高效靶向激活肝细胞内源基因直接重编程为胰岛样细胞。
方法:采用脂质体转染法将Casilio体系(PNM)转染至HEK293T细胞系,靶向激活肝细胞内源PNM(Pdx1,Ngn3及MafA)基因,利用实时荧光定量PCR及免疫荧光检测内源PNM的表达。利用携带Ins-promoter-EGFP的慢病毒构建增强型绿色荧光蛋白稳定表达的Ins-EGFP HepG2细胞系,PiggyBac(PB)转座系统在此细胞系中构建核酸内切酶失活的Cas9(dCas9)和PUFa-P65-HSF1稳定表达的稳转细胞系。用脂质体向稳转细胞系分别转染针对PNM的向导RNA,然后实时荧光定量PCR和免疫荧光检测内源基因PNM的表达水平,并观察重编程效率。
结果与结论:①实验在293T细胞系中验证了Casilio体系对内源基因的激活作用;②RT-PCR、Western Blot及免疫荧光检测验证了稳转细胞系中EGFP、dCas9和PUFa-P65-HSF1的表达;③实时荧光定量PCR证实靶向激活PNM的新型Casilio体系可实现内源PNM基因表达明显上调,直接重编程效率为10%-15%;④上述数据说明基于CRISPR/dCas9的新型Casilio体系,可成功激活肝脏内源PNM基因,可初步实现肝细胞系直接重编程为胰岛样细胞。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4891-324X(王晗月) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 体细胞, 胰岛样细胞, 肝, 细胞基因转染, 糖尿病, CRISPR/dCas9, 因子, 蛋白, 通路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Islet cell transplantation is one of the most effective methods to treat diabetes. However, the shortage of transplanted cells has limited its clinical application. Direct reprogramming of hepatocytes to islet β cells in vitro is a new idea to solve this problem, but differentiation of hepatocytes to islet β cells is a complicated process.
OBJECTIVE: Direct reprogramming hepatocytes into islet-like cells by efficient targeting and activating the endogenous genes of hepatocytes with Casilio system (constructed CRISPR/ Cas9-Pumilio system) through modifying guide RNA sequence combined with the transcriptional activator PUFa-P65-HSF1.
METHODS: The endogenous PNM (Pdx1, Ngn3, MafA) genes of hepatocytes were targeted and activated by using the Casilio system, which was transfected to the HEK293T cell line by liposome transfection. The expression of endogenous PNM was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence. The Ins-EGFP cell line with stable expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein was constructed by the lentivirus carrying Ins-promoter-EGFP. The Ins-EGFP-HepG2-Cas9-PUFa-p65-HSF1 cell line (referred to as stable translocated cell lines) with stable expression of dCas9 and PUFa-P65-HSF1 in Ins-EGFP-HepG2 cell line was constructed by the PiggyBac(PB) transposon system. By using liposome, the gRNAs were transfected to stable translocated cell line, and the expression level of endogenous gene PNM was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence. Simultaneously, reprogramming efficiency was observed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The activation of endogenous genes by Casilio system was verified in 293T cell line. (2) The expression of EGFP, dCas9 and PUFa-P65-HSF1 in stable cell line was detected by RT-PCR, western blot assay and immunofluorescence. (3) The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results confirmed that this new Casilio system could target and activate the PNM which led to the up-regulation of the endogenous PNM gene expression. The efficiency of direct reprogramming was 10%-15%. (4) Based on CRISPR/dCas9, the new Casilio system can efficiently activate the endogenous PNM gene in hepatocytes, enabling the hepatocyte line to be directly reprogrammed as islet-like cells.

Key words: somatic cell, islet-like cell, liver, cell gene transfer, diabetes, CRISPR/dCas9, factor, protein, pathway

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