中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (31): 5007-5013.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.31.015

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

急性膝关节后外侧旋转脱位修复治疗后的步态分析及其指导意义

黄华强,云 翥,蒋 海,付维力,李 箭,唐 新   

  1. 四川大学华西医院骨科,四川省成都市 610041
  • 出版日期:2017-11-08 发布日期:2017-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 唐新,博士,副教授,四川大学华西医院骨科,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:黄华强,男,1991年生,四川省米易县人,白族,2017年四川大学毕业,博士,主要从事运动医学与关节镜方面的研究。

Postoperative gait analysis of acute posterolateral rotatory dislocation of knee joint and its guiding significance

Huang Hua-qiang, Yun Zhu, Jiang Hai, Fu Wei-li, Li Jian, Tang Xin   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Online:2017-11-08 Published:2017-12-01
  • Contact: Tang Xin, M.D., Associate professor, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Huang Hua-qiang, M.D., Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 

 

文题释义:
膝关节后外侧旋转脱位:是以外侧结构为旋转中心,暴力致膝关节屈曲外翻旋转导致前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带和后内侧复合体损伤乃至完全断裂,而后外侧结构无损伤。此类脱位多数可自行或手法复位,少数呈“纽孔样”卡锁需切开复位,并且常出现漏诊、误诊、漏治、误治等情况。
步态分析:是通过运动学及运动力学分析行走中的膝关节活动,提供一系列时间、力学等客观指标,客观的分析与评估下肢损伤情况、评价治疗效果及指导术后康复。目前运动医学的一大热点是通过研究膝关节损伤后期运动学参数的变化,诊断评估损伤程度、评价治疗效果,并指导康复。
 
摘要
背景:近年来对膝关节后外侧旋转脱位的评估常依赖传统影像技术获取静态解剖信息,同时以Lysholm评分和国际膝关节文献委员会评分进行功能评估,但这些均无法对患者的运动学特征进行定量评价,亦无法为术后提供具体的康复指导。
目的:通过对急性膝关节后外侧旋转脱位术后患者进行步态分析,动态评估术后的运动学指标和位移指标,帮助指导康复。
方法:纳入2011年1月至2014年12月四川大学华西医院收治的急性膝关节后外侧旋转脱位患者12例,行关节镜下一期韧带重建或修复,术后常规康复训练,同时采用Opti-Knee®分析系统采集患侧膝关节(损伤组)及健侧膝关节(正常组)的6个自由度数据(包括运动角度和位移),计算其变化范围,并将2组结果进行比较。
结果与结论:①运动角度方面:2组膝关节最大内/外翻转角,内/外旋转角差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),而损伤组膝关节最小屈曲角,最大屈曲角及屈曲/伸展、内/外翻角、内/外旋转角度变化范围均大于正常组(P < 0.05);②位移方面:2组股骨相对于胫骨前移、内移、外移最大值及内/外位移变化范围差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),损伤组股骨相对于胫骨后移、下移最大值及胫骨前/后移变化范围大于正常组,而上移最大值和上/下位移变化范围则小于正常组(P < 0.05);③结果提示,关节镜辅助一期治疗急性膝关节后外侧旋转脱位可在一定程度上恢复膝关节步态,Opti-Knee®分析系统可客观提供运动参数信息,其自由度数据的改变有助于指导康复。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-3299-0964(黄华强)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 关节植入物, 急性膝关节后外侧旋转脱位, 步态分析, 关节镜, 康复

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The evaluation for posterolateral rotatory dislocation of knee joint often relys on traditional imaging techniques to obtain static anatomical information; meanwhile, the knee function was assessed by Lysholm and the International Knee Documentation Committee scores. However, none can quantitatively evaluate the kinematic characteristics, let alone providing guidance for postoperative rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the gait characters of the patients with acute posterolateral rotatory dislocation of knee joint and to dynamically evaluate the postoperative kinematic parameters and displacement indicators, thereby providing guidance for rehabilitation.
METHODS: Twelve patients with acute knee posterolateral rotatory dislocation were admitted in the West China Hospital, Sichuan University between January 2011 and December 2014, and all patients underwent one-stage reconstruction or repair of ligaments under arthroscopy, followed by routine rehabilitation training. Opti-Knee® analysis system was used to collect 6 degrees of freedom (movement angle and displacement) of the ipsilateral (injury group) and contralateral knee joints (normal group), the change levels were calculated, and were then compared between two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in the maximum varus/valgus angles and maximum intersion/extorsion angles (P > 0.05). While, the minimum flexion angle, maximum flexion angle, as well as the change level of flexion/extension angles, varus/valgus angles and maximum intersion/extorsion angles in the injury group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.05). (2) There was no significant difference in the maximum forward, inward and outward displacement as well as the change levels of inward/outward displacement between two groups (P > 0.05). The maximum backward, and downward displacement as well as the change levels of forward/backward displacement in the injury group were significantly higher than those in the normal group; while the maximum upward displacement and the change levels of upward/downward displacement in the injury group were significantly lower than those in the normal group (P < 0.05). (3) These results suggest that the arthroscopy-assisted one-stage treatment of the acute posterolateral rotatory dislocation of the knee joint can remarkably restore the gait. Opti-Knee® analysis system can provide objective information of motion parameters, and the change in the degree of freedom provides guidance for clinical rehabilitation.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroscopes, Knee Joint, Dislocation, Gait, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: