中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 786-791.doi: 10.12307/2022.128

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

髋关节撞击综合征:神经-肌肉、周围肌及核心肌的肌力训练

鹿钦雪,徐  宁,杨英兰,韩茜茜,端木宪雨,郭钰玮,韩  晴   

  1. 山东中医药大学,山东省济南市   250355
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-16 修回日期:2020-10-21 接受日期:2020-12-21 出版日期:2022-02-18 发布日期:2021-12-02
  • 通讯作者: 徐宁,博士,副教授,山东中医药大学,山东省济南市 250355
  • 作者简介:鹿钦雪,女,1996年生,山东省诸城市人,汉族,山东中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事肌肉骨骼康复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省社会科学规划研究项目(20CZXJ06),项目负责人:徐宁 

Femoroacetabular impingement: strength trainings for nerve-muscle, peripheral muscle and core muscle

Lu Qinxue, Xu Ning, Yang Yinglan, Han Qianqian, Duanmu Xianyu, Guo Yuwei, Han Qing   

  1. Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2020-10-16 Revised:2020-10-21 Accepted:2020-12-21 Online:2022-02-18 Published:2021-12-02
  • Contact: Xu Ning, MD, Associate professor, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Lu Qinxue, Master candidate, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shandong Provincial Social Science Planning Project, No. 20CZXJ06 (to XN)

摘要:

文题释义:
髋关节撞击综合征:是指由于髋臼或股骨的形态异常,加上剧烈的髋关节运动,反复碰撞、损伤关节内的软组织结构,导致髋关节疼痛的一种临床病症。主要临床表现为髋关节或腹股沟疼痛,疼痛可累及背部、臀部和大腿;除疼痛外,患者还可表现出咔哒声、卡住、锁定、僵硬、髋关节活动度减少和髋部肌肉无力等症状。
康复:是帮助经历着或可能经历残疾的个体,在与环境的相互作用中取得并维持最佳功能状态的一系列措施。康复的终极目标是使功能障碍者最大限度地恢复功能,并重返社会。常用康复治疗方法包括物理治疗、作业治疗、言语和吞咽治疗、心理辅导与治疗、文体治疗、中国传统治疗、康复工程及康复护理。

背景:髋关节撞击综合征是导致青少年运动人群髋部疼痛的常见原因。随着康复医学不断发展,康复治疗成为治疗髋关节撞击综合征的重要方法之一。
目的:总结归纳国内外髋关节撞击综合征康复治疗的最新成果,旨在为该病进一步的研究和治疗提供新的思路与线索。
方法:以“femoroacetabular impingement,femoroacetabular impingement syndrome,femoro-acetabular impingement”AND“rehabilitation,physiotherapy”AND “preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome”为英文检索词,以“髋关节撞击综合征,康复治疗”和“髋关节撞击综合征术前术后康复”为中文检索词,检索2010年12月至2020年10月在PubMed、Cochrane、WOS、Embase、CNKI、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库收录的相关文献,剔除与此文研究目的相关性不密切的文献及重复性文献,共纳入61篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:①髋关节撞击综合征存在髋关节周围肌肌力下降、本体感觉下降、髋关节周围深层肌激活模式和协调性改变、腰盆活动度下降等病理改变;②髋关节撞击综合征康复治疗主要集中在髋关节周围肌肌力训练、神经-肌肉训练、核心肌肌力训练、髋关节镜术前术后康复、中医传统康复疗法、物理因子治疗和注射疗法;③髋关节撞击综合征患者髋关节周围肌肌力训练可有效减轻髋关节疼痛,增加关节活动度,提高关节稳定性;神经肌肉训练可增加髋关节局部肌肉肌力,改善髋关节本体感觉,提高深层肌肉协同作用;核心肌肌力训练可稳定腰椎和骨盆,减少腰椎骨盆代偿性动作,增强髋关节周围肌肌力训练效果;髋关节镜术前、术后康复训练可减轻髋关节镜术后疼痛,改善患者功能,提高髋关节镜治疗效果;中医传统康复疗法和物理因子治疗可有效消除关节炎症和肿胀,缓解关节疼痛;关节内注射皮质类固醇和透明质酸钠在短期内可有效减轻髋关节撞击综合征髋部疼痛,改善髋关节功能。
缩略语:髋关节撞击综合征:femoroacetabular impingement,FAI;髋关节残疾及骨关节炎结果评分:hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score,HOOS

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0765-0260 (鹿钦雪) 

关键词: 髋关节撞击综合征, 髋部疼痛, 康复治疗, 髋关节镜, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Femoroacetabular impingement is a common cause of hip pain in adolescents. With the development of rehabilitation medicine, rehabilitation therapy has become one of the important methods to treat femoroacetabular impingement.
OBJECTIVE: To provide new ideas and clues for further research and treatment of the disease by summarizing the latest achievements in the rehabilitation treatment of femoroacetabular impingement.
METHODS: We searched the articles from December 2010 to October 2020 in PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, EMbase, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, SinoMed databases with the key words of “femoroacetabular impingement, femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, femoro-acetabular impingement” AND “rehabilitation, physiotherapy” AND “preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome” in Chinese and English, respectively. Repetitive literatures and those that were not closely related to the purpose of this study were eliminated, and finally 61 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Femoroacetabular impingement has pathological changes such as decreased muscle strength around the hip joint, decreased proprioception, changed activation pattern and coordination of deep muscles around the hip joint, and decreased mobility of the lower back and pelvis. The rehabilitation treatment of femoroacetabular impingement mainly focuses on muscle strength training around the hip joint, nerve-muscle training, core muscle strength training, preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation of hip arthroscopy, traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation therapy, physical factor therapy and injection therapy. For patients with femoroacetabular impingement, muscle strength training around the hip joint can effectively reduce hip pain, increase range of motion and improve joint stability. Neuromuscular training can increase local muscle strength of the hip joint, improve proprioceptive sensation of the hip joint, and improve deep muscle synergy. Core muscle strength training can stabilize the lumbar vertebra and pelvis, reduce compensatory movement of the lumbar vertebra and pelvis, and enhance the effect of muscle strength training around the hip joint. Preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation training of hip arthroscopy can alleviate postoperative pain, improve patient’s function, and improve the therapeutic effect of hip arthroscopy. Traditional rehabilitation therapy and physical factor therapy can effectively eliminate joint inflammation and swelling and alleviate joint pain. Intraarticular injection of corticosteroids and sodium hyaluronate can effectively reduce hip pain and improve hip function in patients with femoroacetabular impingement.

Key words: femoroacetabular impingement, hip pain, rehabilitation treatment, hip arthroscopy, review

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