中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (7): 1113-1118.doi: 10.12307/2022.153

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞源外泌体促进糖尿病创面愈合的机制及应用

张璟琳,冷  敏,朱博恒,汪  虹   

  1. 昆明医科大学第二附属医院烧伤科,云南省烧伤研究所,云南省昆明市  650101
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-27 修回日期:2020-09-28 接受日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2022-03-08 发布日期:2021-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 汪虹,硕士,主任医师,昆明医科大学第二附属医院烧伤科,云南省烧伤研究所,云南省昆明市 650101
  • 作者简介:张璟琳,女,1995年生,陕西省西安市人,汉族,昆明医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事创面修复、整形等方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(81660321),项目负责人:汪虹;云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学应用基础研究联合专项资助项目[2017FE468(-177)],项目负责人:汪虹

Mechanism and application of stem cell-derived exosomes in promoting diabetic wound healing

Zhang Jinglin, Leng Min, Zhu Boheng, Wang Hong   

  1. Department of Burns, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Burn Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650101, Yunnan Province, China
  • Received:2020-09-27 Revised:2020-09-28 Accepted:2020-11-09 Online:2022-03-08 Published:2021-10-29
  • Contact: Wang Hong, Master, Chief physician, Department of Burns, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Burn Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650101, Yunnan Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Jinglin, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Burns, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Burn Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650101, Yunnan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China Regional Science Foundation Supported Project, No. 81660321 (to WH); Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology - Kunming Medical University Applied Basic Research Joint Special Funding Project, No. 2017FE468(-177) (to WH)

摘要:

文题释义:
外泌体:一种细胞外囊泡,直径在30-200 nm之间,其内含有DNA、mRNA、miRNA、蛋白质、脂质等。当多泡小体与质膜融合时,可通过胞外分泌进入细胞外腔,穿过细胞或组织到达不同位置发挥作用。
糖尿病性难愈创面:是最常见的糖尿病并发症之一,主要由于体内高糖环境和多种生物学因素共同作用导致创面形成,大多难以治愈,以糖尿病足为代表,多数患者面临着截肢风险,其主要机制有晚期糖基化终末产物相关学说、炎性浸润、血管生成障碍、外周神经功能障碍等。
背景:外泌体是成体干细胞旁分泌的重要活性成分之一,为干细胞“非细胞”治疗提供了基础,干细胞来源外泌体可通过不同机制促进糖尿病创面愈合。
目的:总结干细胞源外泌体在治疗糖尿病创面中的主要机制及其应用途径。
方法:用计算机检索PubMed数据库、Web of Science数据库、FMRS外文医学信息资源检索平台等英文数据库及中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台等中文数据库,检索范围从建库至2020年9月发表的文献,英文检索词为“stem cells,exosomes,wound healing,cell proliferation,neovascularization,inflammation,extracellular matrix,therapeutic use”,中文检索词为“干细胞,外泌体,伤口愈合,细胞增殖,血管新生,炎症,细胞外基质,治疗应用”。根据纳入和排除标准最终纳入66篇文献进行结果分析。
结果与结论:①总结了干细胞源外泌体通过调节炎症、促进血管新生、再上皮化和细胞外基质重塑等方面促进糖尿病伤口愈合;②列举了干细胞源外泌体在糖尿病创面中的应用途径;③干细胞源外泌体能避免干细胞治疗糖尿病创面的免疫性反应,并且其对糖尿病创面的调控范围更广、效果更优;④目前干细胞源外泌体在糖尿病创面中的应用还存在一些问题,例如:干细胞源外泌体分离纯度低、分离成本高、生产效率低、到达目的区域的途径以及损耗率、扩散效率等。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2358-4363(张璟琳) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 外泌体, 糖尿病创面, 细胞增殖, 血管生成, 创面愈合, 组织工程, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The exosomes are one of important active components of adult stem cells paracrine, providing the basis for stem cell “non-cellular” treatment. Exosomes from stem cells can play different roles in the wound through different mechanisms to promote the healing of diabetic wounds.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the main mechanism and application of stem cell derived exosomes in the treatment of diabetic wounds. 
METHODS: Computers were used to retrieve English databases such as PubMed database, Web of Science database, FMRS foreign language medical information resource retrieval platform, and Chinese databases such as CNKI and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform. The retrieval scope was from the inception of the database to September 2020. The English and Chinese search terms were “stem cells, exosomes, wound healing, cell proliferation, neovascularization, inflammation, extracellular matrix, therapeutic use”. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 66 articles were included and the results were analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) It is summarized that stem cell-derived exosomes can promote diabetic wound healing by regulating inflammation, promoting neovascularization, re-epithelialization and remodeling of extracellular matrix. (2) The application of stem cell-derived exosomes in diabetic wounds was listed. (3) The exosomes from stem cells can avoid the immune response of stem cells in the treatment of diabetic wounds, and the genetic material of stem cells carried by them is more widely regulated and more effective than that from ordinary cells in the treatment of diabetic wounds. (4) At present, the application of stem cell derived exosomes in diabetes wounds still has some problems, such as low purity, high cost of separation, low production efficiency, and the way to reach the target area, loss rate and diffusion efficiency.  

Key words: stem cell, exosomes, diabetic wound, cell proliferation, neovascularization, wound healing, tissue engineering, review 

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