中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (8): 1266-1271.doi: 10.12307/2022.234

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

脉冲电磁场治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的研究进展

肖  豪1,2,刘  静 1,2,周  君1,2   

  1. 南华大学附属第一医院,1康复医学科,2康复医学实验室,湖南省衡阳市   421001
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-01 修回日期:2020-12-05 接受日期:2021-01-16 出版日期:2022-03-18 发布日期:2021-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 周君,博士后,主任医师,副教授,硕士生导师,南华大学附属第一医院,康复医学科,康复医学实验室,湖南省衡阳市 421001
  • 作者简介:肖豪,1994年生,湖南省娄底市人,汉族,南华大学附属第一医院在读硕士,主要从事退行性骨疾病康复临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81973917),项目负责人:周君;湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ4085),项目负责人:周君

Research progress of pulsed electromagnetic field in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Xiao Hao1, 2, Liu Jing1, 2, Zhou Jun1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-01 Revised:2020-12-05 Accepted:2021-01-16 Online:2022-03-18 Published:2021-11-02
  • Contact: Zhou Jun, MD, Chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China; Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Xiao Hao, Master candidate, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81973917 (to ZJ); the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, No. 2020JJ4085 (to ZJ)

摘要:

文题释义:
绝经后骨质疏松症:是指由于绝经后卵巢功能和雌激素水平下降导致骨脆性增加、骨微结构受损,骨的抗压能力及承载性能减弱或丧失的一种代谢性骨病,以疼痛、脊柱变形和脆性骨折为主要临床表现,严重影响老年人的生活质量。
脉冲电磁场:通过产生特定频率、特定大小的脉冲电流,通过共振效应改变人体生物电及生物磁场,从而改善骨代谢。变化的脉冲电流不仅能影响机体关键离子通道活性发生相应的生物学改变,也能通过影响细胞线粒体活性调控能量代谢水平。
背景:脉冲电磁场产生脉冲电流,利用应力耦合机制改善骨代谢,近年来越来越多的研究表明脉冲电磁场对骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞、破骨细胞、骨细胞等均有影响,对绝经后骨质疏松症有抑制作用。
目的:综述脉冲电磁场对绝经后骨质疏松症的作用及治疗机制。
方法:检索PubMed、MEDLINE数据库、万方、CNKI中国期刊全文数据库、维普及中国生物医学文献数据库收录的相关文献。中文检索词为“绝经后骨质疏松症;脉冲电磁场;骨稳态;骨代谢;骨密度;生物力学性能;骨髓间充质干细胞;成骨细胞;破骨细胞;骨细胞”,英文检索词为“pulsed electromagnetic field;postmenopausal osteoporosis;bone homeostasis;Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;osteoblasts;osteoclasts;bone cells;bone metabolism;bone density”,最终纳入66 篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:脉冲电磁场具有提高骨密度、改善骨生物力学性能、促进骨形成、抑制骨吸收等作用,多途径多方面抑制绝经后骨质疏松症。目前脉冲电磁场调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路、OPG/RANKL信号通路介导成骨分化的研究已较完善,可行性高;在骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞、破骨细胞等研究机制中,发现SIRT1抑制NLRP3炎症小体介导骨髓间充质干细胞焦亡、长链非编码RNA及相关通路调控成骨分化、缺氧诱导因子驱动破骨细胞分化等理念仍处于初步探索阶段。脉冲电磁场能否通过SIRT1调控NLRP3炎症小体信号抑制骨髓间充质干细胞焦亡发挥抗骨质疏松作用具有重要的探索价值。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7619-3115 (肖豪) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 脉冲电磁场, 绝经后骨质疏松症, 骨稳态, 生物力学性能, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 成骨细胞, 破骨细胞, 骨细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pulsed electromagnetic fields generate pulsed currents, and improve bone metabolism through the stress coupling mechanism. In recent years, increasing evidence has proved that pulsed electromagnetic fields can inhibit postmenopausal osteoporosis in many ways involving bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone cells. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the effect and therapeutic mechanism of pulsed electromagnetic field on postmenopausal osteoporosis. 
METHODS: We searched PubMed, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and CBMdisc databases for relevant articles with the keywords of “pulsed electromagnetic field; postmenopausal osteoporosis; bone homeostasis; bone metabolism; bone density; biomechanical property; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; osteoblasts; osteoclasts; bone cells” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally, 66 articles met the criteria for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pulsed electromagnetic fields can increase bone density, improve bone biomechanical properties, promote bone formation, and inhibit the activity of osteoclasts to inhibit postmenopausal osteoporosis. At present, pulsed electromagnetic fields are of high feasibility to mediate osteogenic differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and OPG/RANKL signaling pathway. Research on the mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts indicates a series of concepts in the initial stage, including that SIRT1 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome to mediate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell pyrolysis, long-chain non-coding RNA and related pathways regulate osteogenic differentiation, and hypoxia-inducible factors drive osteoclast differentiation. It is of important value to explore whether pulsed electromagnetic fields can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome signals through SIRT1 to inhibit the pyrolysis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, thereby exerting an anti-osteoporosis effect.

Key words: pulsed electromagnetic field, postmenopausal osteoporosis, bone homeostasis, biomechanical properties, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, bone cells

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