中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (7): 1107-1112.doi: 10.12307/2022.152
• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇 下一篇
周洪琴,吴丹丹,杨 琨,刘 琪
收稿日期:
2021-02-09
修回日期:
2021-02-20
接受日期:
2021-03-31
出版日期:
2022-03-08
发布日期:
2021-10-29
通讯作者:
刘琪,博士,教授,遵义医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科,贵州省遵义市 563003
作者简介:
周洪琴,女,1992年生,贵州省遵义市人,汉族,遵义医科大学在读硕士,主要从事干细胞方面的研究。
基金资助:
Zhou Hongqin, Wu Dandan, Yang Kun, Liu Qi
Received:
2021-02-09
Revised:
2021-02-20
Accepted:
2021-03-31
Online:
2022-03-08
Published:
2021-10-29
Contact:
Liu Qi, MD, Professor, Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
About author:
Zhou Hongqin, Master candidate, Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
Supported by:
摘要:
文题释义:
外泌体:是一种细胞旁分泌产生的纳米尺度的细胞外脂质双层囊泡,直径40-150 nm,由细胞经过“内吞-融合-外排”等系列调控过程产生并分泌外泌体,其内含功能性蛋白质、mRNA、microRNA等物质,作为细胞间通讯的载体,通过转运、内吞的方式进入靶细胞,调节细胞基因表达,改变细胞命运。
MiRNAs:是长度为18-25个核苷酸的一种小的非编码RNA,可通过结合mRNA的3’端非翻译区抑制mRNA转录或降解mRNA来沉默靶基因,在多种生物过程中起重要作用。
背景:外泌体是细胞旁分泌的纳米级囊泡,含有多种生物活性因子,外泌体miRNA在细胞间通讯中起重要作用。近年来,越来越多的研究着眼于外泌体内miRNA是否促进骨再生。
目的:就近年来外泌体miRNA促进骨再生的研究现状进行综述,为其在骨再生领域进一步研究和应用提供理论依据。
方法:以“骨再生,骨修复,外泌体,miRNA”“bone repair,bone regeneration,exosome,miRNA”为检索词,在中国生物医学文献数据库、CNKI数据库、PubMed数据库中检索2010-2021年间收录的与外泌体miRNA和骨再生相关的文章。
结果与结论:不同来源细胞外泌体通过传递特定miRNA可有效调控成骨,并促进成血管,在骨组织工程中有广泛前景。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5620-5246(周洪琴)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
周洪琴, 吴丹丹, 杨 琨, 刘 琪. 传递特定miRNA的外泌体可调控成骨并促进成血管[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 1107-1112.
Zhou Hongqin, Wu Dandan, Yang Kun, Liu Qi. Exosomes that deliver specific miRNAs can regulate osteogenesis and promote angiogenesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(7): 1107-1112.
[1] DIMITRIOU R, JONES E, MCGONAGLE D, et al. Bone regeneration: current concepts and future directions. BMC Med. 2011;9:66. [2] BENIC GI, HÄMMERLE CH. Horizontal bone augmentation by means of guided bone regeneration. Periodontol 2000. 2014;66(1):13-40. [3] LOU G, CHEN Z, ZHENG M, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a new therapeutic strategy for liver diseases. Exp Mol Med. 2017;49(6):e346. [4] ZHAI M, ZHU Y, YANG M, et al. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes Enhance Cell-Free Bone Regeneration by Altering Their miRNAs Profiles. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020;7(19):2001334. [5] BAGLIO SR, ROOIJERS K, KOPPERS-LALIC D, et al. Human bone marrow- and adipose-mesenchymal stem cells secrete exosomes enriched in distinctive miRNA and tRNA species. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2015;6(1):127. [6] ZHANG X, SAI B, WANG F, et al. Hypoxic BMSC-derived exosomal miRNAs promote metastasis of lung cancer cells via STAT3-induced EMT. Mol Cancer. 2019;18(1):40. [7] FRANK AC, EBERSBERGER S, FINK AF, et al. Apoptotic tumor cell-derived microRNA-375 uses CD36 to alter the tumor-associated macrophage phenotype. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):1135. [8] CHENG M, YANG J, ZHAO X, et al. Circulating myocardial microRNAs from infarcted hearts are carried in exosomes and mobilise bone marrow progenitor cells. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):959. [9] LIU W, LI L, RONG Y, et al. Hypoxic mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote bone fracture healing by the transfer of miR-126. Acta Biomater. 2020;103:196-212. [10] TREIBER T, TREIBER N, MEISTER G. Regulation of microRNA biogenesis and its crosstalk with other cellular pathways. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2019;20(1):5-20. [11] FANG S, DENG Y, GU P, et al. MicroRNAs regulate bone development and regeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(4):8227-8253. [12] HILTON C, NEVILLE MJ, KARPE F. MicroRNAs in adipose tissue: their role in adipogenesis and obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2013;37(3):325-332. [13] FAN C, JIA L, ZHENG Y, et al. MiR-34a Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells via the RBP2/NOTCH1/CYCLIN D1 Coregulatory Network. Stem Cell Reports. 2016; 7(2):236-248. [14] YANG C, LIU X, ZHAO K, et al. miRNA-21 promotes osteogenesis via the PTEN/PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α pathway and enhances bone regeneration in critical size defects. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019;10(1):65. [15] GENG Z, YU Y, LI Z, et al. miR-21 promotes osseointegration and mineralization through enhancing both osteogenic and osteoclastic expression. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2020;111:110785. [16] WAN S, WU Q, JI Y, et al. Promotion of the immunomodulatory properties and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro by lentivirus-mediated mir-146a sponge expression. J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2020;14(11):1581-1591. [17] DENG Y, WU S, ZHOU H, et al. Effects of a miR-31, Runx2, and Satb2 regulatory loop on the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev. 2013;22(16):2278-2286. [18] VALADI H, EKSTRÖM K, BOSSIOS A, et al. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol. 2007;9(6):654-659. [19] ZHANG Y, LIU D, CHEN X, et al. Secreted monocytic miR-150 enhances targeted endothelial cell migration. Mol Cell. 2010;39(1):133-144. [20] DE JONG OG, VERHAAR MC, CHEN Y, et al. Cellular stress conditions are reflected in the protein and RNA content of endothelial cell-derived exosomes. J Extracell Vesicles. 2012;1:18396. [21] TI D, HAO H, FU X, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal microRNAs contribute to wound inflammation. Sci China Life Sci. 2016; 59(12):1305-1312. [22] FANG S, XU C, ZHANG Y, et al. Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs Suppress Myofibroblast Differentiation by Inhibiting the Transforming Growth Factor-β/SMAD2 Pathway During Wound Healing. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2016; 5(10):1425-1439. [23] ZHANG Y, HAO Z, WANG P, et al. Exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells enhance fracture healing through HIF-1α-mediated promotion of angiogenesis in a rat model of stabilized fracture. Cell Prolif. 2019;52(2):e12570. [24] SONG Y, DOU H, LI X, et al. Exosomal miR-146a Contributes to the Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy of Interleukin-1β-Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Against Sepsis. Stem Cells. 2017;35(5):1208-1221. [25] ZHENG D, HUO M, LI B, et al. The Role of Exosomes and Exosomal MicroRNA in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;8: 616161. [26] ASGARPOUR K, SHOJAEI Z, AMIRI F, et al. Exosomal microRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells: cell-to-cell messages. Cell Commun Signal. 2020;18(1):149. [27] ZHOU Y, REN H, DAI B, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomal miRNA-21 contributes to tumor progression by converting hepatocyte stellate cells to cancer-associated fibroblasts. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018;37(1):324. [28] CHEN Z, WANG H, XIA Y, et al. Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Cell-Derived miRNA-150-5p-Expressing Exosomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis Mediated by the Modulation of MMP14 and VEGF. J Immunol. 2018;201(8):2472-2482. [29] XIAO J, PAN Y, LI XH, et al. Cardiac progenitor cell-derived exosomes prevent cardiomyocytes apoptosis through exosomal miR-21 by targeting PDCD4. Cell Death Dis. 2016;7(6):e2277. [30] WANG X, OMAR O, VAZIRISANI F, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have altered microRNA profiles and induce osteogenic differentiation depending on the stage of differentiation. PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0193059. [31] XU JF, YANG GH, PAN XH, et al. Altered microRNA expression profile in exosomes during osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e114627. [32] YANG S, GUO S, TONG S, et al. Promoting Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Altering the Expression of Exosomal miRNA. Stem Cells Int. 2019;2019:1351860. [33] CHEN EEM, ZHANG W, YE CCY, et al. Knockdown of SIRT7 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells partly via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis. 2017;8(9):e3042. [34] PARK JY, JEON SH, CHOUNG PH. Efficacy of periodontal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of advanced periodontitis. Cell Transplant. 2011;20(2):271-285. [35] LI J, ZHANG F, ZHANG N, et al. Osteogenic capacity and cytotherapeutic potential of periodontal ligament cells for periodontal regeneration in vitro and in vivo. PeerJ. 2019;7:e6589. [36] LIU T, HU W, ZOU X, et al. Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Bone Regeneration by Altering MicroRNA Profiles. Stem Cells Int. 2020;2020:8852307. [37] LI Z, JIANG R, YUE Q, et al. MicroRNA-29 regulates myocardial microvascular endothelial cells proliferation and migration in association with IGF1 in type 2 diabetes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017;487(1):15-21. [38] LU GD, CHENG P, LIU T, et al. BMSC-Derived Exosomal miR-29a Promotes Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8: 608521. [39] LIAO W, NING Y, XU HJ, et al. BMSC-derived exosomes carrying microRNA-122-5p promote proliferation of osteoblasts in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Clin Sci (Lond). 2019;133(18):1955-1975. [40] GE J, GUO S, FU Y, et al. Dental Follicle Cells Participate in Tooth Eruption via the RUNX2-MiR-31-SATB2 Loop. J Dent Res. 2015;94(7): 936-944. [41] ZHOU P, WU G, ZHANG P, et al. SATB2-Nanog axis links age-related intrinsic changes of mesenchymal stem cells from craniofacial bone. Aging (Albany NY). 2016;8(9):2006-2011. [42] XU R, SHEN X, SI Y, et al. MicroRNA-31a-5p from aging BMSCs links bone formation and resorption in the aged bone marrow microenvironment. Aging Cell. 2018;17(4):e12794. [43] YE H, ZHU J, DENG D, et al. Enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis by PCL/chitosan/Sr-doped calcium phosphate electrospun nanocomposite membrane for guided bone regeneration. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2019;30(16):1505-1522. [44] WU Q, WANG X, JIANG F, et al. Study of Sr-Ca-Si-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in osteoporotic models. Int J Oral Sci. 2020;12(1):25. [45] LIU L, YU F, LI L, et al. Bone marrow stromal cells stimulated by strontium-substituted calcium silicate ceramics: release of exosomal miR-146a regulates osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Acta Biomater. 2021;119:444-457. [46] CHEN S, ZHENG Y, ZHANG S, et al. Promotion Effects of miR-375 on the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports. 2017;8(3):773-786. [47] CHEN S, TANG Y, LIU Y, et al. Exosomes derived from miR-375-overexpressing human adipose mesenchymal stem cells promote bone regeneration. Cell Prolif. 2019;52(5):e12669. [48] COLLETTI M, TOMAO L, GALARDI A, et al. Neuroblastoma-secreted exosomes carrying miR-375 promote osteogenic differentiation of bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. J Extracell Vesicles. 2020; 9(1):1774144. [49] XU T, LUO Y, WANG J, et al. Exosomal miRNA-128-3p from mesenchymal stem cells of aged rats regulates osteogenesis and bone fracture healing by targeting Smad5. J Nanobiotechnology. 2020;18(1):47. [50] LI L, ZHOU X, ZHANG JT, et al. Exosomal miR-186 derived from BMSCs promote osteogenesis through hippo signaling pathway in postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021;16(1):23. [51] LI X, JI J, WEI W, Et al. MiR-25 promotes proliferation, differentiation and migration of osteoblasts by up-regulating Rac1 expression. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;99:622-628. [52] JIANG Y, ZHANG J, LI Z, et al. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal miR-25 Regulates the Ubiquitination and Degradation of Runx2 by SMURF1 to Promote Fracture Healing in Mice. Front Med (Lausanne). 2020;7:577578. [53] PAJARINEN J, LIN T, GIBON E, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-macrophage crosstalk and bone healing. Biomaterials. 2019;196:80-89. [54] XIONG Y, CHEN L, YAN C, et al. M2 Macrophagy-derived exosomal miRNA-5106 induces bone mesenchymal stem cells towards osteoblastic fate by targeting salt-inducible kinase 2 and 3. J Nanobiotechnology. 2020;18(1):66. [55] LOSORDO DW, KIBBE MR, MENDELSOHN F, et al. A randomized, controlled pilot study of autologous CD34+ cell therapy for critical limb ischemia. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2012;5(6):821-830. [56] MATHIYALAGAN P, LIANG Y, KIM D, et al. Angiogenic Mechanisms of Human CD34+ Stem Cell Exosomes in the Repair of Ischemic Hindlimb. Circ Res. 2017;120(9):1466-1476. [57] LIU Z, CHANG H, HOU Y, et al. Lentivirus‑mediated microRNA‑26a overexpression in bone mesenchymal stem cells facilitates bone regeneration in bone defects of calvaria in mice. Mol Med Rep. 2018; 18(6):5317-5326. [58] LI Y, FAN L, HU J, et al. MiR-26a Rescues Bone Regeneration Deficiency of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Osteoporotic Mice. Mol Ther. 2015;23(8):1349-1357. [59] ZUO R, KONG L, WANG M, et al. Exosomes derived from human CD34+ stem cells transfected with miR-26a prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019;10(1):321. [60] BROTTO M, BONEWALD L. Bone and muscle: Interactions beyond mechanical. Bone. 2015;80:109-114. [61] GIRGIS CM. Integrated therapies for osteoporosis and sarcopenia: from signaling pathways to clinical trials. Calcif Tissue Int. 2015;96(3):243-255. [62] XU Q, CUI Y, LUAN J, et al. Exosomes from C2C12 myoblasts enhance osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts by delivering miR-27a-3p. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;498(1):32-37. [63] LIU Y, YANG G, JI H, et al. Synergetic effect of topological cue and periodic mechanical tension-stress on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2017;154:1-9. [64] LV PY, GAO PF, TIAN GJ, et al. Osteocyte-derived exosomes induced by mechanical strain promote human periodontal ligament stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation via the miR-181b-5p/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11(1):295. [65] YANG S, GUO S, TONG S, et al. Exosomal miR-130a-3p regulates osteogenic differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived stem cells through mediating SIRT7/Wnt/β-catenin axis. Cell Prolif. 2020;53(10): e12890. [66] DIOMEDE F, MARCONI GD, FONTICOLI L, et al. Functional Relationship between Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in Tissue Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(9):3242. [67] JIA Y, ZHU Y, QIU S, et al. Exosomes secreted by endothelial progenitor cells accelerate bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis by stimulating angiogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019;10(1):12. [68] WEI F, LI M, CRAWFORD R, et al. Exosome-integrated titanium oxide nanotubes for targeted bone regeneration. Acta Biomater. 2019;86: 480-492. [69] ZHANG J, LIU X, LI H, et al. Exosomes/tricalcium phosphate combination scaffolds can enhance bone regeneration by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2016;7(1):136. [70] WU Z, PU P, SU Z, et al. Schwann Cell-derived exosomes promote bone regeneration and repair by enhancing the biological activity of porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020;531(4):559-565. [71] LI SP, LIN ZX, JIANG XY, et al. Exosomal cargo-loading and synthetic exosome-mimics as potential therapeutic tools. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2018;39(4):542-551. [72] ZHANG D, LEE H, ZHU Z, et al. Enrichment of selective miRNAs in exosomes and delivery of exosomal miRNAs in vitro and in vivo. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2017;312(1):L110-L121. |
[1] | 孔亚敏, 严隽陶, 马丙祥, 李华伟. 推拿振法干预坐骨神经损伤模型大鼠MyoD表达及肌卫星细胞的增殖与分化[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(8): 1216-1222. |
[2] | 吴 聪, 贾全忠, 刘 伦. 成年关节软骨碎块化后转化生长因子β1表达与软骨细胞迁移的关系[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(8): 1223-1228. |
[3] | 王宝娟, 郑曙光, 张 琪, 李田洋. 苗药熏蒸治疗膝骨关节炎模型兔可延缓细胞外基质的破坏[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(8): 1236-1242. |
[4] | 李 琴, 毛双法, 李 敏, 程基焱. 石斛多糖保护中波紫外线损伤成纤维细胞的作用机制[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(8): 1284-1289. |
[5] | 王 景, 熊 山, 曹 金, 冯林伟, 王 信. 白细胞介素3在骨代谢中的作用及机制[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(8): 1316-1322. |
[6] | 肖 豪, 刘 静 , 周 君. 脉冲电磁场治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的研究进展[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(8): 1323-1329. |
[7] | 朱 婵, 韩栩珂, 姚承佼, 张 强, 刘 静, 邵 明. 针刺治疗帕金森病:动物实验显示的作用机制[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(8): 1330-1335. |
[8] | 安维政, 何 萧, 任 帅, 刘建宇. 肌源干细胞在周围神经再生中的潜力[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 1130-1136. |
[9] | 范一鸣, 刘方煜, 张洪宇, 李 帅, 王岩松. 脊髓损伤后室管膜区内源性神经干细胞反应的系列问题[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 1137-1142. |
[10] | 轩娟娟, 白鸿太, 张继翔, 王耀权, 陈国勇, 魏思东. 调节性T细胞亚群在肝移植中的作用及临床应用进展[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 1143-1148. |
[11] | 田 川, 朱向情, 杨再玲, 鄢东海, 李 晔, 王严影, 杨育坤, 何 洁, 吕冠柯, 蔡学敏, 舒丽萍, 何志旭, 潘兴华. 骨髓间充质干细胞调控猕猴卵巢的衰老[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 985-991. |
[12] | 胡 伟, 谢兴奇, 屠冠军. 骨髓间充质干细胞来源外泌体改善脊髓损伤后血脊髓屏障的完整性[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 992-998. |
[13] | 高俞锦, 彭双麟, 马治超, 陆 诗, 曹花月, 王 浪, 肖金刚. 糖尿病骨质疏松症模型小鼠脂肪干细胞的成骨能力[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 999-1004. |
[14] | 侯婧瑛, 郭天柱, 于萌蕾, 龙会宝, 吴 浩. 缺氧预处理通过激活MALAT1靶向抑制miR-195促进骨髓间充质干细胞的生存和血管形成[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 1005-1011. |
[15] | 周 颖, 张 幻, 廖 松, 胡凡琦, 易 静, 刘玉斌, 靳继德. 去铁胺联合干扰素γ预处理对人牙髓干细胞的免疫调节作用[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 1012-1019. |
文题释义:#br# 外泌体:是一种细胞旁分泌产生的纳米尺度的细胞外脂质双层囊泡,直径40-150 nm,由细胞经过“内吞-融合-外排”等系列调控过程产生并分泌外泌体,其内含功能性蛋白质、mRNA、microRNA等物质,作为细胞间通讯的载体,通过转运、内吞的方式进入靶细胞,调节细胞基因表达,改变细胞命运。#br# MiRNAs:是长度为18-25个核苷酸的一种小的非编码RNA,可通过结合mRNA的3’端非翻译区抑制mRNA转录或降解mRNA来沉默靶基因,在多种生物过程中起重要作用。#br# 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
#br#
间充质干细胞在骨组织工程研究中有举足轻重的作用,其分泌的外泌体可以囊括间充质干细胞的生物活性,并可替代整个细胞治疗。MiRNA是外泌体内重要的内含物,携带特定miRNA的外泌体可有效调控骨形成。在体内,良好的血管生成可促进骨缺损区骨形成,能促进血管形成的外泌体可能对骨形成也有促进作用。因此,将携带miRNA、能促进成骨和成血管的外泌体附着在支架材料上有更加优异的成骨效果,将外泌体加载于静电纺丝或者纳米材料等新型材料可能是未来骨组织工程的一个研究方向。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||