中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (19): 2986-2992.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.19.006

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

经椎旁肌间隙入路椎弓根螺钉固定结合硫酸钙治疗单一椎体胸腰椎骨折

占方彪1,王诗军2,程 军1,冯世龙1,谢鲤钟1,李 波1,张 友1   

  1. 1重庆三峡中心医院骨科,重庆市 404000;2北京大学第一医院骨科,北京市 100034
  • 出版日期:2017-07-08 发布日期:2017-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 王诗军,主治医师,北京大学第一医院骨科,北京市 100034
  • 作者简介:占方彪,男,1984年生,湖北省孝感市人,汉族,2011年北京大学医学部毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。

Pedicle screw fixation through Wiltse approach combined with injectable calcium sulfate bone cement for single-level thoracolumbar fracture 

Zhan Fang-biao1, Wang Shi-jun2, Cheng Jun1, Feng Shi-long1, Xie Li-zhong1, Li Bo1, Zhang You1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
  • Online:2017-07-08 Published:2017-08-10
  • Contact: Wang Shi-jun, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
  • About author:Zhan Fang-biao, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
经椎间隙入路:1968年Wiltse等提出经多裂肌及最长肌间隙用于治疗极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症,经椎旁肌间隙入路相对传统后正中后路 具有明显的优势,其避免了对椎旁肌的广泛剥离,有效的减少了术中出血;减少对周围软组织的创伤,保护了椎旁肌以及相关神经支配,明显降低了治疗后腰背痛的发生率,利于患者早期进行恢复锻炼,其操作相对传统入路更为简单,置钉相对容易。
硫酸钙:作为一种骨科填充物具有无毒、可吸收的特点,椎体压缩骨折经手术复位后其空腔需骨组织填充,以利于新生骨组织生长。硫酸钙在机体中易于吸收、降解,而且其固化速度快,聚合时的温度低,即使发生渗漏也不会因放热而损伤周围组织。
 
摘要
背景:胸腰椎骨折是脊柱最常见的骨折类型,传统的后正中入路对椎旁肌的广泛剥离与牵拉,椎旁肌缺血和失神经支配,导致术后腰背肌萎缩,并产生顽固性的腰背痛。而微创手术治疗越来越被广大的骨科医生所接受。
目的:探讨经椎旁肌间隙椎弓根螺钉内固定结合可注射硫酸钙骨水泥治疗单一椎体胸腰椎骨折的临床疗效。
方法:回顾性分析获得完整随访资料的52例单一椎体胸腰椎骨折不伴有神经损伤患者,根据手术入路分为2组。观察组28例,采用后路经椎旁肌间隙入路短节段椎弓根螺钉固定结合伤椎硫酸钙植入;对照组24例,采用传统后正中入路短节段椎弓根螺钉固定结合伤椎硫酸钙植入。比较2组患者的手术时间、手术出血量、住院时间:观察2组患者术前及术后1周、3个月时腰背部疼痛情况;观察2组患者术前、术后下地前和末次随访时X射线片上伤椎前缘高度百分比;记录2组患者手术并发症及内固定松动、断裂情况。

结果与结论:①52例患者均获得随访,随访时间16-24个月;②观察组手术时间、手术出血量及住院时间均少于对照组,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③2组术后不同时点目测类比评分均低于术前(P < 0.05);2组术后不同时间点目测类比评分比较,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。④2组患者术后下地前及末次随访时伤椎前缘高度百分比均较术前明显改善,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05);2组间不同时点伤椎前缘高度比值比较,差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤结果提示,在严格掌握手术适应证的前提下,经椎旁肌间隙入路椎弓根螺钉固定结合硫酸钙治疗单一椎体胸腰椎骨折安全可靠,可即刻恢复伤椎前缘高度,减轻疼痛,远期疗效满意。和传统后正中入路手术相比,手术时间更短,术中出血量更少。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-5124-1531(占方彪)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 胸腰椎骨折, 椎弓根钉, 硫酸钙, 椎旁肌, 微创

Abstract:

 BACKGROUND: Thoracolumbar fracture is most common seen in spinal fractures. The paraspinal muscle

is subjected to extensive detachment and traction in traditional posterior approach, so the muscular ischemia and denervation lead to muscle atrophy further inducing intractable low back pain. Thereafter, minimally invasive spinal surgery becomes more and more popular.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of pedicle screw fixation through Wiltse approach combined with injectable calcium sulfate bone cement for single-level thoracolumbar fracture.
METHODS: Clinical data of 52 patients with single-level thoracolumbar fracture without nerve injury were analyzed retrospectively, and were then assigned to observation (n=28) and control groups (n=24) according to the treatment method. The patients in the observation group were treated with pedicle screw fixation through Wiltse approach plus implanted with injectable calcium sulfate bone cement, and those in the control group were subjected to pedicle screw fixation through posterior approach plus implanted with injectable calcium sulfate bone cement. The operation time, blood loss and hospitalization time were compared between two groups. The low back pain was observed at baseline, 1 week and 3 months postoperatively, and the percentage of anterior vertebral height revealed on X-ray was observed at baseline, before ambulation, and during last follow-up. Moreover, the complications, loosening and rupture of the screws were recorded. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed up, and the follow-up time was 16-24 months. (2) The operation time, blood loss and hospitalization time in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) The postoperative visual analogue scale scores in the two groups were significantly lower than those before surgery, and the scores showed significant differences between two groups (P < 0.05). (4) The percentage of anterior vertebral height before ambulation and during last follow-up in the two groups was significantly improved, and the percentage showed significant difference between two groups at each time point (P < 0.05). (5) These findings suggest that based on strict indications, the pedicle screw fixation through Wiltse approach combined with injectable calcium sulfate bone cement is safe for single-level thoracolumbar fracture, which restores the anterior vertebral height rapidly, alleviates pain and exhibits satisfactory long-term efficacy. Furthermore, it holds shorter operation time and less blood loss than the traditional approach.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words:  Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, Calcium Sulfate, Fracture Healing, Tissue Engineering

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