中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (51): 7738-7745.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.51.021

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

外泌体中Micro-RNA可作为疾病的生物标志物?

李  毅,唐佩福   

  1. 解放军总医院,北京市 100853
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-15 出版日期:2016-12-09 发布日期:2016-12-09
  • 通讯作者: 唐佩福,博士,主任医师,解放军总医院骨科,北京市 100853
  • 作者简介:李毅,男,1991年生,黑龙江省大庆市人,汉族,解放军总医院在读硕士,主要从事创伤骨科及骨质疏松研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然青年科学基金项目(81401809)

Can exosomal micro-RNAs be as biomarkers of diseases?

Li Yi, Tang Pei-fu   

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • Received:2016-09-15 Online:2016-12-09 Published:2016-12-09
  • Contact: Corresponding author: Tang Pei-fu, M.D., Chief physician, Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • About author:Li Yi, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation for the Youth of China, No. 81401809

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义:
外泌体:是一种双层膜结构的囊性小泡,直径30-100 nm,双层膜中富含胆固醇、鞘磷脂、神经酰胺及脂筏结构域等。
循环中的miRNA:是一类小分子非编码miRNA,可以稳定存在于血液(包括血浆、血小板、红细胞、有核血细胞等)、尿液等体液中,不会被内源性的RNA聚合酶降解。
摘要
背景:
外泌体是一种双层膜结构的囊性小泡,广泛存在人体体液中,其内容物包括蛋白质、短链肽、DNA片段、RNA、磷脂以及miRNA。外泌体包含其来源细胞的生物学特征,且具有在体液环境中内容物不易降解的特性。
目的:阐明外泌体的生物学特性,探讨外泌体源性miRNA作为生物标志物的可能性,进而为临床疾病诊断提供新思路。
方法:由第一作者通过计算机检索1985年至2016年PubMed数据库和万方、中国知网(CNKI)期刊全文数据库收录的相关文献。英文检索词为:“exosome,microvesicles,extracellular vesicles,miRNA, biomarker,early diagnosis,prognosis”,中文检索词为“外泌体,生物标记物,微小RNA,早期诊断,预后”,共纳入50篇文献。
结果与结论:综合对外泌体在各疾病中的研究,目前可以确认外泌体广泛参与肿瘤、心血管、泌尿、神经以及骨骼肌肉系统的病理生理过程。已有大量研究发现外泌体源性Micro-RNA在各系统疾病中异常表达,其作为疾病诊断生物标志物具有巨大的应用潜力。今后还需对外泌体内容物的提取、外泌体参与疾病发生机制、筛选合适的外泌体源性miRNA用于诊断等方面进行进一步研究。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-4279-1704(唐佩福)

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 外泌体, miRNA, 生物标志物, 疾病诊断, 蛋白质, DNA, RNA, 肿瘤, 血管, 神经

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Exosome, a kind of cystic vesicle with bilayer structure, is widely distributed in the body fluids. Exosomes are involved in various cellular communications, and its contents including proteins, short chain peptides, DNA, RNA, phospholipids, and miRNA are resistant to degradation.
OBJECTIVE: To clarify the characters of exosomes, and to investigate the possibility of exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers for different diseases to provide a new strategy for clinical diagnosis.
METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed by the first author for articles related to exosomal miRNAs. The keywords were “exosome, microvesicles, extracellular vesicles, miRNA, biomarker, early diagnosis, progrosis” in Chinese and English, respectively. Totally 50 eligible articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After reviewing researches of exosomes in different diseases, we can confirm that exosomes broadly participant in physiological and pathological process of various system diseases. The abnormal expression of exosomal micro-RNAs has been identified in many studies, indicating the exosomal micro-RNAs have a great potential to be biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Further studies should focus on extracting the contents of exosomes, the pathogenesis of exosomes is involved in and screening the appropriate exosomal miRNAs for early diagnosis.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Tissue Engineering, Neoplasms, Blood Vessels, Nerve System Diseases

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